alter system set sga_max_size=960M scope=spfile;shutdown immediatestartup

SQL> startupORA-00844: Parameter not taking MEMORY_TARGET into accountORA-00851: SGA_MAX_SIZE 985661440 cannot be set to more than MEMORY_TARGET 784334848.

[oracle@wing ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Feb 15 14:04:46 2016Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.new' from spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfilewingdb.ora';File created.SQL> exitDisconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options通過vi修改pfile.new文件中相應的參數（本文檔中是memory_target參數），修改后保存 [oracle@wing ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Feb 15 14:04:46 2016Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL> startup pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.new'ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 810090496 bytesFixed Size     2257520 bytesVariable Size    415239568 bytesDatabase Buffers   390070272 bytesRedo Buffers    2523136 bytesDatabase mounted.Database opened.SQL> create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbsspfilewingdb.ora' from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.new';File created.SQL> shutdown immediateDatabase closed.Database dismounted.ORACLE instance shut down.SQL> exitDisconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options[oracle@wing ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Feb 15 14:08:40 2016Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL> SQL> startupORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 810090496 bytesFixed Size     2257520 bytesVariable Size    415239568 bytesDatabase Buffers   390070272 bytesRedo Buffers    2523136 bytesDatabase mounted.Database opened.SQL> show parameter memory NAME         TYPE------------------------------------ --------------------------------VALUE------------------------------hi_shared_memory_address    integer0memory_max_target     big integer800Mmemory_target      big integer800Mshared_memory_address    integer0SQL> show parameter sgaNAME         TYPE------------------------------------ --------------------------------VALUE------------------------------lock_sga        booleanFALSEpre_page_sga       booleanFALSEsga_max_size       big integer776Msga_target       big integer740M# 至此Oracle使用新的spfile啟動成功，參數也得到相應的修改