Oracle 11.1.0.6 for linux X86 64的SILENT安裝

首先是檢查系統硬件情況：

代碼:

[root@enterPRice64 ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

MemTotal: 8178836 kB

[root@enterprice64 ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

SwapTotal: 8385888 kB

[root@enterprice64 ~]# free

total used free shared buffers cached

Mem: 8178836 5297744 2881092 0 122512 4773424

-/+ buffers/cache: 401808 7777028

Swap: 8385888 0 8385888

[root@enterprice64 ~]# df -k /dev/shm

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

tmpfs 4089416 0 4089416 0% /dev/shm

[root@enterprice64 ~]# df -k /tmp

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda7 10153988 428132 9201740 5% /

[root@enterprice64 ~]# df -k /data

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda9 207275064 3933228 192642952 3% /data

要求內存不小于1G，在內存小于2G，SWAP應該是內存的1.5倍，內存2到8G，

SWAP和內存相同大小即可，內存超過8G，SWAP是內存的0.75倍。

由于11g對于共享內存要求變大，因此系統共享內存應該大于512*進程數，

如果共享內存不足的話，會造成ORA-845或ORA-1078錯誤。

要求臨時表空間不少于200M，安裝目錄應大于4G。

下面檢查系統軟件情況：

代碼:

[root@enterprice64 ~]# cat /proc/version

Linux version 2.6.18-8.el5 (mockbuild@ca-build14)

(gcc version 4.1.1 20070105 (Red Hat 4.1.1-52)) #1

SMP Tue Jun 5 23:25:19 EDT 2007

[root@enterprice64 ~]# uname -a

Linux enterprice64 2.6.18-8.el5 #1 SMP Tue Jun 5

23:25:19 EDT 2007 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[root@enterprice64 ~]# more /etc/issue

Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux Server release 5 (Carthage)

Kernel r on an m

.

對操作系統要求：

Asianux 2.0

Asianux 3.0

Oracle Enterprise Linux 4.0

Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.0

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.0

SUSE Enterprise Linux 10.0

系統內核為2.6.9(Asianux 2.0、Oracle Enterprise Linux

4.0、Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0)，2.6.18

(Asianux 3.0、Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.0、

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.0)，或2.6.16.21(SUSE Enterprise Linux 10.0)。

對于ES4，oracle需要一下包：

binutils-2.17.50.0.6

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)

elfutils-libelf-0.125

elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125

gcc-4.1.1

gcc-c++-4.1.1

glibc-2.5-12

glibc-2.5-12 (32 bit)

glibc-common-2.5

glibc-devel-2.5

glibc-devel-2.5-12 (32 bit)

libaio-0.3.106

libaio-0.3.106 (32 bit)

libaio-devel-0.3.106

libgcc-4.1.1

libgcc-4.1.1 (32 bit)

libstdc++-4.1.1

libstdc++-4.1.1 (32 bit)

libstdc++-devel 4.1.1

make-3.81

sysstat-7.0.0

通過rpm –qa查詢是否所有需要的包都以及安裝，如果沒有安裝的通過

rpm –ivh命令進行安裝。

檢查網絡情況：

代碼:

[root@enterprice64 ~]# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf|grep hosts

#hosts: db files nisplus nis dns

hosts: files dns

[root@enterprice64 ~]# hostname

enterprice64

[root@enterprice64 ~]# domainname

(none)

[root@enterprice64 ~]# more /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1 enterprice64 localhost.localdomain localhost

172.25.13.195 enterprice64

建立Oracle用戶和dba組：

代碼:

[root@enterprice64 ~]# groupadd oinstall

[root@enterprice64 ~]# groupadd dba

[root@enterprice64 ~]# groupadd asadmin

[root@enterprice64 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asadmin oracle

[root@enterprice64 ~]# passwd oracle

Changing passWord for user oracle.

New UNIX password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[root@enterprice64 ~]# id nobody

uid=99(nobody) gid=99(nobody) groups=99(nobody) context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh

建立oinstall、dba和asadmin組。創建好用戶后，檢查nobody用戶是否存在。

不存在的話，建立該用戶。

檢測并修改系統的核心參數，編輯/etc/sysctl.conf文件，添加下面的配置，

保存后重啟系統。注意，如果系統默認的配置比這里給出的值大，不要修改原有配置。

fs.file-max = 512 * PROCESSES

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 4194304

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

配置oracle用戶的環境變量和shell限制，編輯/etc/security/limits.conf，添加下面的內容：

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

編輯/etc/pam.d/login文件，添加下面的內容：

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

編輯oracle用戶目錄下的.bash_rc文件，添加下列環境變量：

umask 022

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=/tmp

export ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle

export ORACLE_SID=ora11g64

export ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/11.1

最后建立安裝Oracle所需的目錄結構。

代碼:

[root@enterprice64 ~]# mkdir -p /data/oracle/product/11.1

[root@enterprice64 ~]# chown -R oracle.oinstall /data

準備工作做完了下面開始進行Silent方式的安裝。

首先設置oraInst.loc文件：

代碼:

[root@enterprice64 ~]# ls -l /etc/oraInst.loc

-rw-rw-r-- 1 oracle dba 61 Oct 19 17:25 /etc/oraInst.loc

[root@enterprice64 ~]# more /etc/oraInst.loc

inventory_loc=/data/oracle/oraInventory

inst_group=oinstall

確保/etc/oraInst.loc中包含上面的信息，且Oracle包含訪問權限。

根據希望安裝的數據庫類型選擇Silent的response_file文件的類似，

比如：enterprise.rsp、standard.rsp還是custom.rsp。

這里選擇enterpise.rsp類型，

安裝盤中的database/response目錄下對應的response文件拷貝出來，

根據文件里面的提示對輸入值進行修改。

比如這個例子中對如下的參數進行設置：

UNIX_GROUP_NAME="oinstall"

FROM_LOCATION="/data/database/stage/products.xml"

ORACLE_BASE="/data/oracle"

ORACLE_HOME="/data/oracle/product/11.1"

ORACLE_HOME_NAME="ORADBHOME11"

SHOW_ROOTSH_CONFIRMATION=false

RESTART_SYSTEM=false

RESTART_REMOTE_SYSTEM=false

COMPONENT_LANGUAGES={"zh_CN"}

s_nameForDBAGrp="dba"

s_nameForOPERGrp="oinstall"

s_nameForASMGrp="asadmin"

n_configurationOption=3

s_ASMSYSPassword="asm"

s_ASMSYSPasswordAgain="asm"

注意，所有的字符串需要放在雙引號中，注意大小寫。數字和布爾變量直接寫就可以。

由于這里沒有選擇建立數據庫而只安裝軟件，因此沒有設置數據庫相關的配置參數。

代碼:

[oracle@enterprice64 data]$ chmod 700 enterprise.rsp

下面可以開始SILENT安裝了：

注意，響應文件需要使用絕對路徑。

代碼:

[oracle@enterprice64 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -noconfig -responseFile /data/database/enterprise.rsp

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.

Actual 8886 MB Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.

Actual 8189 MB Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal

Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2007-10-19_06-40-04PM.

Please wait ...[oracle@enterprice64 database]$

Oracle Universal Installer, Version 11.1.0.6.0 Production

Copyright (C) 1999, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

You can find the log of this install session at:

/data/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2007-10-19_06-40-04PM.log

............................................................ 100% Done.

Loading Product Information

..........................................................100% Done.

Starting execution of Prerequisites...

Total No of checks: 14

Performing check for CertifiedVersions

Checking Operating system requirements ...

Expected result: One of enterprise-4,enterprise-5,redhat-4,

redhat-5,SuSE-10,asianux-2,asianux-3

Actual Result: enterprise-5

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for Packages

Checking operating system package requirements ...

Checking for make-3.81; found make-1:3.81-1.1-x86_64. Passed

Checking for binutils-2.17.50.0.6;

found binutils-2.17.50.0.6-2.el5-x86_64. Passed

Checking for gcc-4.1.1; found gcc-4.1.1-52.el5-x86_64. Passed

.

.

.

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for Kernel

Checking kernel parameters

Checking for semmsl=250; found semmsl=250. Passed

.

.

.

Checking for wmem_max=262144; found wmem_max=262144. Passed

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for GLIBC

Checking Recommended glibc version

Expected result: ATLEAST=2.5-12

Actual Result: 2.5-12

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for TotalMemory

Checking physical memory requirements ...

Expected result: 922MB

Actual Result: 7984MB

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for SwapSpace

Checking available swap space requirements ...

Expected result: 7984MB

Actual Result: 8189MB

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for DetectIfDHCPAssignedIP

Checking Network Configuration requirements ...

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Not executed <<<<

Check complete: Not executed <<<<

Recommendation: Oracle supports installations on systems with

DHCP-assigned public IP addresses. However, the primary

network interface on the system should be configured with

a static IP address in order for the Oracle Software to

function properly. See the Installation Guide for more

details on installing the software on systems configured with DHCP.

========================================================

Performing check for CheckPathForOtherOracleHomes

Checking PATH environment variable...

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for CheckTempDiskSpace

Checking for sufficient diskspace in TEMP location...

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for CheckLdLibraryPath

Checking LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable...

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for OracleBase

Validating ORACLE_BASE location (if set) ...

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for OracleHomeSpace

Checking Oracle Home path for spaces...

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for DetectAnyInvalidASMHome

Checking for proper system clean-up....

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

Performing check for CompatibilityChecks_DB

Checking for Oracle Home incompatibilities ....

Actual Result: NEW_HOME

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed

Check complete: Passed

========================================================

PrereqChecks complete

Analyzing dependencies

.....................................................100% Done.

--------------------------------------------------------------

Summary

Global Settings

Source: /data/database/stage/products.xml

Oracle Base: /data/oracle

Oracle Home: /data/oracle/product/11.1 (ORADBHOME11)

Installation Type: Enterprise Edition

Product Languages

Simplified Chinese

English

Space Requirements

/ Required 226MB (only as temporary space) : Available 8.56GB

/data/ Required 3.63GB : Available 181.86GB

New Installations (126 products)

Oracle Database 11g 11.1.0.6.0

Enterprise Edition Options 11.1.0.6.0

Oracle Partitioning 11.1.0.6.0

.

.

.

Oracle Universal Installer 11.1.0.6.0

Oracle One-Off Patch Installer 11.1.0.6.0

Installer SDK Component 11.1.0.6.0

Sun JDK 1.5.0.11.0

----------------------------------------------------------

Installation in progress (Fri Oct 19 18:40:20 CST 2007)

............................................................... 6% Done.

............................................................... 12% Done.

............................................................... 19% Done.

............................................................... 25% Done.

............................................................... 31% Done.

............................................................... 38% Done.

............................................................... 44% Done.

............................................................... 50% Done.

............................................................... 57% Done.

............................................................... 63% Done.

............................................................... 69% Done.

............................................................... 76% Done.

................................................. 81% Done.

Install successful

Linking in progress (Fri Oct 19 18:42:27 CST 2007)

.. 81% Done.

Link successful

Setup in progress (Fri Oct 19 18:43:33 CST 2007)

................................... 100% Done.

Setup successful

End of install phases.(Fri Oct 19 18:43:36 CST 2007)

WARNING:

The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.

#!/bin/sh

#Root script to run

/data/oracle/product/11.1/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

1. Open a terminal window

2. Log in as "root"

3. Run the scripts

The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.

Please check '/data/oracle/oraInventory/logs/

silentInstall2007-10-19_06-40-04PM.log' for more details.

最后使用root執行一下$ORACLE_HOME/root.sh腳本就可以了。

不過這里Oracle存在一個bug，在root.sh腳本中，自動將OUI_SILENT參數設置為TRUE，

而后的檢查中，如果發現這個值為TRUE，那么這個腳本運行會自動退出了。

這里需要手工將其修改為FALSE，然后使用root執行：

代碼:

[root@enterprice64 11.1]# ./root.sh

Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

ORACLE_HOME= /data/oracle/product/11.1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)

[n]: y

Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

The file "oraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)

[n]: y

Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

The file "coraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)

[n]: y

Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Finished product-specific root actions.

對于root.sh的執行不要使用. root.sh的方式，這種方式可能造成腳本陷入死循環。

至此，數據庫軟件的安裝已經完成，如果系統啟動了SELINUX，那么這里還需要處理一個bug：

利用root改變SELINUX的設置：

代碼:

[root@enterprice64 ~]# setenforce 0

至此，Oracle軟件已經安裝完畢：

代碼:

[oracle@enterprice64 ~]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Mon Oct 22 14:07:28 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL>

上面介紹了如何在SILENT方式下安裝11.1.0.6：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/407375

這篇繼續介紹SILENT模式下的數據庫建立過程。

通過SILENT模式安裝數據庫之后，下面繼續使用SILENT模式進行數據庫的建立，仍然是拷貝安裝目錄下的/database/reponse/dbca.rsp到安裝目錄，并進行編譯，根據數據庫建立方式的不同編輯不同的數據庫庫選項。

比如在本次安裝過程中設置了下列參數：

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.1.0"

OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"

GDBNAME = "ora11g64.us.oracle.com"

SID = "ora11g64"

TEMPLATENAME = "New_Database.dbt"

SYSPASSWORD = "test"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "test"

SYSMANPASSWORD = "test"

DBSNMPPASSWORD = "test"

DATAFILEDESTINATION ="/data/oracle/oradata/ora11g64"

RECOVERYAREADESTINATION="/data/oracle/Flash_recovery_area"

CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

TOTALMEMORY = "6000"

TEMPLATENAME = "ora11g64"

GDBNAME = "ora11g64.us.oracle.com"

SCRIPTDESTINATION ="/data/oracle/admin/ora11g64/scripts"

其中最后三項不是必須的，這個的目的是在建立數據庫的同時生成腳本。

下面就可以開始SILENT模式的數據庫創建了：

代碼:

[oracle@enterprice64 database]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /data/database/dbca.rsp

Creating and starting Oracle instance

1% complete

3% complete

Creating database files

6% complete

Creating data dictionary views

7% complete

8% complete

9% complete

10% complete

11% complete

12% complete

14% complete

16% complete

17% complete

18% complete

Adding Oracle JVM

23% complete

28% complete

33% complete

35% complete

Adding Oracle Text

36% complete

37% complete

38% complete

Adding Oracle XML DB

40% complete

41% complete

42% complete

45% complete

Adding Oracle Multimedia

46% complete

47% complete

56% complete

Adding Oracle OLAP

57% complete

58% complete

59% complete

Adding Oracle Spatial

60% complete

61% complete

62% complete

63% complete

66% complete

Adding Oracle Ultra Search

67% complete

73% complete

Adding Enterprise Manager Repository

75% complete

76% complete

Adding Oracle application Express

80% complete

83% complete

Adding Oracle Warehouse Builder

87% complete

90% complete

Completing Database Creation

91% complete

92% complete

93% complete

94% complete

97% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file "/data/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ora11g64/ora11g64.log" for further details.

數據庫建立完成：

代碼:

[oracle@enterprice64 database]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Mon Oct 22 17:28:02 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production

PL/SQL Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production

CORE 11.1.0.6.0 Production

TNS for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production

最后可以利用netca來SILENT方式設置網絡部分，同樣的方法設置netca.rsp：

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="11.1"

CREATE_TYPE= "CUSTOM"

SHOW_GUI=false

LOG_FILE=""/data/oracle/product/11.1/network/tools/log/netca.log""

INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"}

INSTALL_TYPE=""typical""

LISTENER_NUMBER=1

LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}

LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}

LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""

NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"}

設置的參數包括上面的部分，然后就可以使用netca啟動silent配置：

代碼:

[oracle@enterprice64 database]$ netca /silent /responseFile /data/database/netca.rsp

Mon Oct 22 18:26:40 CST 2007 Oracle Net Configuration Assistant

Parsing command line arguments:

Parameter "silent" = true

Parameter "responsefile" = /data/database/netca.rsp

Parameter "log" = /data/oracle/product/11.1/network/tools/log/netca.log

Done parsing command line arguments.

Oracle Net Services Configuration:

Profile configuration complete.

Listener started at port:1521

Oracle Net Listener Startup:

Running Listener Control:

/data/oracle/product/11.1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER

Listener Control complete.

Listener started successfully.

Listener configuration complete.

Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

[oracle@enterprice64 database]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 22-OCT-2007 18:31:20

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production

Start Date 22-OCT-2007 18:26:40

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 4 min. 39 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File /data/oracle/product/11.1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/enterprice64/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=enterprice64)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "ora11g64.us.oracle.com" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "ora11g64", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "ora11g64XDB.us.oracle.com" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "ora11g64", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "ora11g64_XPT.us.oracle.com" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "ora11g64", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

至此，SILENT安裝方式完成。