Oracle 11g for Linux CentOS 5.2 詳細安裝步驟分享(圖解教程)

2020-07-18 16:08:31

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首先在oracle官方上下載一個oracle 11g(特別說明一下在安裝CentOS 5.2時盡量是把開發包裝全一些，這樣您在安裝包檢測的時候就會少裝一些包。還有一點：安裝大概需要5G多的空間，空間不夠就老是出錯。)

1、用unzip解壓 Oracle 11g文件

unzip linux_x86_11gR1_database.zip

(這個您也可以在Windows下面解壓，不過您要加載過來，如果你的分區是NTFS，那您就要安裝kernel-module-ntfs、fuse、ntfs-3g,當然具體的怎么操作就不必多說了。如果您還是搞不定的話，請給QQ：42271520留言。)

2、安裝包檢測及安裝

在終端中執行： rpm -q gcc make binutils setarch compat-db compat-gcc compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel libaio-devel sysstat
顯示結果如下：

vel sysstat

gcc-4.1.2-42.el5

make-3.81-3.el5

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-6.el5

setarch-2.0-1.1

package compat-db is not installed

package compat-gcc is not installed

package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed

package compat-libstdc++ is not installed

package compat-libstdc++-devel is not installed

unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1

package unixODBC-devel is not installed

package libaio-devel is not installed

package sysstat is not installed

分析：

上面package 軟件包 is not installed 部分說明此軟件包沒有安裝，您可以再光盤里面找，再用rpm -ivh 安裝就行，這些包在centos安裝盤中都用；或者直接用yum install 軟件包來安裝，具體操作如下：

yum install compat-db

安裝成功Installed: compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1 Complete!

yum install compat* (這個包比較多，要稍等一會，不急先抽根煙吧。)

安裝成功 Installed: compat*......... Complete!

yum install unixODBC-devel

安裝成功 Installed: unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 Complete!

yum install libaio-devel

安裝成功 Installed: libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-3.2 Complete!

yum install sysstat

安裝成功 Installed: sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-1.el5 Complete!

說明：您可以再執行一次rpm -q 軟件包組合具體如下：

gcc-4.1.2-42.el5

make-3.81-3.el5

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-6.el5

setarch-2.0-1.1

compat-db-4.2.52-5.1

package compat-gcc is not installed

package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed

package compat-libstdc++ is not installed

package compat-libstdc++-devel is not installed

unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1

unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1

libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2

sysstat-7.0.2-1.el5

如上所述：還是有4個軟件包沒有安裝，這個不用理會，其實我們剛才安裝的compat包已經包含了；可以繼續下一步了。

3、系統參數和用戶及目錄設置
//系統參數設置
vi /etc/sysctl.conf

以下為此文件更改后的內容：

# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux
#
# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled.See sysctl(8) and
# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.

# Controls IP packet forwarding
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

# Controls source route verification
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

# Do not accept source routing
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel
kernel.sysrq = 0

# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename
# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

# Controls the use of TCP syncookies
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes
#kernel.msgmnb = 65536

# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue
#kernel.msgmax = 65536

# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes
#kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
#kernel.shmall = 268435456

#Below for oracle11g
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
fs.file-max = 6553600
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

//添加用戶組及用戶

執行如下命令：
#groupadd dba
#groupadd oinstall
#useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba
#passwd oracle
//新建目錄權限

執行如下命令：
#mkdir -p /u01
#chown -R oracle:dba /u01
#chmod -R 755 /u01
//用戶環境變量

先切換用戶到oracle:
su – oracle

修改.bash_profile文件：
vi .bash_profile

以下是此文件的內容：
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.1.0.6
export ORACLE_SID=sales
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:ORACLE_HOME/lib
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data
unset USERNAME
umask 022

4、安裝oracle
注銷root ;

用oracle帳號進入，進入Oracle所在的目錄我的是/disk/Oracle11g-linux_x86
[oracle@root-bs Oracle11g-linux_x86]$ ls
doc install response runInstaller stage welcome.html
執行./runInsaller進行安裝:

[oracle@root-bs Oracle11g-linux_x86]$ ./runInstaller