使用Android自定義控件實現滑動解鎖九宮格

2020-04-11 11:23:05

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本文概述：

滑動解鎖九宮格的分析：

1、需要自定義控件；
2、需要重寫事件onTouchEvent();
3、需要給九個點設置序號和坐標，這里用Map類就行；
4、需要判斷是否到滑到過九點之一，并存儲滑到過的點的序號，而且需要一個方法可以返回它們，這里用List類就行；

滑動解鎖當前還是比較流行的，今天寫了個簡單的滑動解鎖九宮格的例程，分享出來讓初學者看看。

我的是這樣的：

Demo

首先，自定義一個View

/** * 九宮格 */public class NineGridView extends View {  private int width;//該控件的寬  private int height;//該控件的高  private Paint mPaintBigCircle;//用于畫外圓  private Paint mPaintSmallCircle;//用于畫內圓  private Paint mPaintLine;//用于畫線  private Paint mPaintText;//用于畫文本  private Path path;//手勢劃線時需要用到它  private Map<Integer, Float[]> pointContainer;//存儲九個點的坐標  private List<Integer> pointerSlipped;//存儲得到的九宮格密碼  public List<Integer> getPointerSlipped() {    return pointerSlipped;  }  public void setPointerSlipped(List<Integer> pointerSlipped) {    this.pointerSlipped = pointerSlipped;  }  public NineGridView(Context context) {    super(context);  }  public NineGridView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {    super(context, attrs);    mPaintBigCircle = new Paint();    mPaintBigCircle.setColor(Color.BLUE);    mPaintBigCircle.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);//不充滿    mPaintBigCircle.setAntiAlias(true);//抗鋸齒打開    mPaintSmallCircle = new Paint();    mPaintSmallCircle.setColor(Color.GREEN);    mPaintSmallCircle.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);//充滿，即畫的幾何體為實心    mPaintSmallCircle.setAntiAlias(true);    mPaintLine = new Paint();    mPaintLine.setColor(Color.GREEN);    mPaintLine.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);    mPaintLine.setStrokeWidth(20);    mPaintLine.setAntiAlias(true);    mPaintText = new Paint();    mPaintText.setColor(Color.WHITE);    mPaintText.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);//向中央對齊    mPaintText.setTextSize(50);    mPaintText.setAntiAlias(true);    path = new Path();    pointContainer = new HashMap<>();    pointerSlipped = new ArrayList<>();  }  @Override  protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {    super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);    width = getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumWidth(), widthMeasureSpec);    height = getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumHeight(), heightMeasureSpec);  }  private float pivotX;//觸屏得到的x坐標  private float pivotY;//觸屏得到的y坐標  private float selectedX;//當前選中的圓點的x坐標  private float selectedY;//當前選中的圓點的y坐標  private float selectedXOld;//從前選中的圓點的x坐標  private float selectedYOld;//從前選中的圓點的y坐標  private boolean isHasMoved = false;//用于判斷path是否調用過moveTo()方法  @Override  public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {    switch (event.getAction()) {      case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:        pivotX = event.getX();        pivotY = event.getY();        //每次觸屏時需要清空一下pointerSlipped，即重置密碼        pointerSlipped.clear();        Log.d("pointTouched", pivotX + "," + pivotY);        getSelectedPointIndex(pivotX, pivotY);        invalidate();//重繪        break;      case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:        pivotX = event.getX();        pivotY = event.getY();        getSelectedPointIndex(pivotX, pivotY);        invalidate();        break;      case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:        /**         * 當手指離開屏幕時，重置path         */        path.reset();        isHasMoved = false;        String indexSequence = "";        //打印出上一次手勢密碼的值        for(int index:pointerSlipped){          indexSequence += "/"+index;        }        Log.d("index",indexSequence);        break;    }    invalidate();    return true;  }  /**   * 得到并存儲經過的圓點的序號   * @param pivotX   * @param pivotY   */  private void getSelectedPointIndex(float pivotX, float pivotY) {    int index = 0;    if (pivotX > patternMargin && pivotX < patternMargin + bigCircleRadius * 2) {      if (pivotY > height / 2 && pivotY < height / 2 + bigCircleRadius * 2) {        selectedX = pointContainer.get(1)[0];        selectedY = pointContainer.get(1)[1];        index = 1;        Log.d("selectedPoint", selectedX + "," + selectedY);      } else if (pivotY > height / 2 + added && pivotY < height / 2 + added + bigCircleRadius * 2) {        selectedX = pointContainer.get(4)[0];        selectedY = pointContainer.get(4)[1];        index = 4;      } else if (pivotY > height / 2 + added * 2 && pivotY < height / 2 + added * 2 + bigCircleRadius * 2) {        selectedX = pointContainer.get(7)[0];        selectedY = pointContainer.get(7)[1];        index = 7;      }    } else if (pivotX > patternMargin + added && pivotX < patternMargin + added + bigCircleRadius * 2) {      if (pivotY > height / 2 && pivotY < height / 2 + bigCircleRadius * 2) {        selectedX = pointContainer.get(2)[0];        selectedY = pointContainer.get(2)[1];        index = 2;      } else if (pivotY > height / 2 + added && pivotY < height / 2 + added + bigCircleRadius * 2) {        selectedX = pointContainer.get(5)[0];        selectedY = pointContainer.get(5)[1];        index = 5;      } else if (pivotY > height / 2 + added * 2 && pivotY <height / 2 + added * 2 + bigCircleRadius * 2) {        selectedX = pointContainer.get(8)[0];        selectedY = pointContainer.get(8)[1];        index = 8;      }    } else if (pivotX > patternMargin + added * 2 && pivotX < patternMargin + added * 2 + bigCircleRadius * 2) {      if (pivotY > height / 2 && pivotY < height / 2 + bigCircleRadius * 2) {        selectedX = pointContainer.get(3)[0];        selectedY = pointContainer.get(3)[1];        index = 3;      } else if (pivotY > height / 2 + added && pivotY < height / 2 + added + bigCircleRadius * 2) {        selectedX = pointContainer.get(6)[0];        selectedY = pointContainer.get(6)[1];        index = 6;      } else if (pivotY > height / 2 + added * 2 && pivotY < height / 2 + added * 2 + bigCircleRadius * 2) {        selectedX = pointContainer.get(9)[0];        selectedY = pointContainer.get(9)[1];        index = 9;      }    }    if (selectedX!=selectedXOld||selectedY!=selectedYOld){      //當這次的坐標與上次的坐標不同時存儲這次點序號      pointerSlipped.add(index);      selectedXOld = selectedX;      selectedYOld = selectedY;      if (!isHasMoved){        //當第一次觸碰到九個點之一時，path調用moveTo;        path.moveTo(selectedX,selectedY);        isHasMoved = true;      }else{        //path移動至當前圓點坐標        path.lineTo(selectedX,selectedY);      }    }  }  private String text = "請繪制解鎖圖案";  private float x;//繪制的圓形的x坐標  private float y;//繪制圓形的縱坐標  private float added;//水平豎直方向每個圓點中心間距  private float patternMargin = 100;//九宮格距離邊界距離  private float bigCircleRadius = 90;//外圓半徑  private float smallCircleRadius = 25;//內圓半徑  private int index;//圓點的序號  @Override  protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {    super.onDraw(canvas);    added = (width - patternMargin * 2) / 3;    x = patternMargin + added / 2;    y = added / 2 + height / 2;    index = 1;    canvas.drawColor(Color.BLACK);    canvas.drawText(text, width / 2, height / 4, mPaintText);    /**     * 繪制九個圓點圖案     */    for (int column = 0; column < 3; column++) {      for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++) {        canvas.drawCircle(x, y, bigCircleRadius, mPaintBigCircle);        canvas.drawCircle(x, y, smallCircleRadius, mPaintSmallCircle);        pointContainer.put(index, new Float[]{x, y});        index++;        x += added;      }      y += added;      x = patternMargin + added / 2;    }    x = patternMargin + added / 2;    y = added / 2 + height / 2;    canvas.drawPath(path, mPaintLine);  }}

為什么要規避重復？

因為在觸屏時，會調用很多次onTouchEvent()方法，這樣存儲的手勢密碼肯定會不準確，我在以上代碼中作出了處理，已經避免了重復，看打印信息：

這里寫圖片描述

顯然，密碼沒有相鄰數重復，當然還有一種情況就是手指在兩個點之間來回等問題，這種狀況也需要避免，這里沒有作處理。當然，我做得還不夠。。。

自定義view中用到的dp和px互相轉換的工具類：

public class SizeConvert {  /**   * 將dp轉換為sp   */  public static int dip2px(Context context, float dipValue){    final float scale = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;    return (int)(dipValue * scale + 0.5f);  }  /**   * sp轉dp   */  public static int px2dip(Context context, float pxValue){    final float scale = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;    return (int)(pxValue / scale + 0.5f);  }}

主活動：

public class NineGridActivity extends BaseActivity{  @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.view_nine_grid);  }}

layout中的布局文件view_nine_grid：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"       android:orientation="vertical"       android:layout_width="match_parent"       android:layout_height="match_parent">  <com.test.shiweiwei.myproject.selfish_view.NineGridView    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"/></LinearLayout>

總結

我寫的只是最基本的九宮格滑動解密項目，實際用的九宮格解密比這個要復雜，有許多特效和其他更嚴謹的處理，事件的處理也不是這樣草草了事，如果想寫得漂亮，還得多花工夫。

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