[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-releaseCentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)

[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install pgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarch.rpm #yum源安裝[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install postgresql-server #安裝postgreesql#安裝生成的文件[root@node1 ~]# rpm -ql postgresql-server/etc/pam.d/postgresql/usr/bin/initdb/usr/bin/pg_basebackup/usr/bin/pg_controldata/usr/bin/pg_ctl/usr/bin/pg_receivexlog/usr/bin/pg_resetxlog/usr/bin/postgres/usr/bin/postgresql-check-db-dir/usr/bin/postgresql-setup/usr/bin/postmaster/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/postgresql.conf/var/lib/pgsql/var/lib/pgsql/.bash_profile/var/lib/pgsql/backups/var/lib/pgsql/data/var/run/postgresql、#啟動(dòng)postgresql#直接啟動(dòng)會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)：[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start postgresql.serviceJob for postgresql.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status postgresql.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.#上面是提示數(shù)據(jù)庫還沒有初始化，所以我們先初始化一下postgresql-setup initdbInitializing database ... OK #提示初始化成功#重新啟動(dòng)Postgresql[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start postgresql.service[root@node1 ~]# netstat -tnlpProto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp  0  0 127.0.0.1:5432  0.0.0.0:*  LISTEN  1512/postgres  tcp6  0  0 ::1:5432    :::*  LISTEN  1512/postgres #查看運(yùn)行狀態(tài)[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status postgresql.service● postgresql.service - PostgreSQL database server Active: active (running) since Sat 2016-11-26 22:49:07 CST; 1min 33s ago#切換到操作系統(tǒng)下的“postgres”用戶，登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫[root@node1 ~]# su - postgres-bash-4.2$ psqlpsql (9.2.15)Type "help" for help.postgres=# helpYou are using psql, the command-line interface to PostgreSQL.Type: /copyright for distribution terms  /h for help with SQL commands  /? for help with psql commands  /g or terminate with semicolon to execute query  /q to quit#到此為止，基本安裝已經(jīng)完成。

#開始編譯安裝[root@node1 soft]# tar xf postgresql-9.6.1.tar.bz2[root@node1 soft]# cd postgresql-9.6.1# yum -y groupinstall "Development tools" #開發(fā)包組# yum -y install perl-ExtUtils-Embed readline-devel zlib-devel python-devel #依賴包# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/postgresql-9.6.1 --with-perl --with-python --with-blocksize=32 --with-wal-blocksize=64 --with-wal-segsize=64# make && make install#安裝后的配置[root@node1 postgresql-9.6.1]# cat /etc/profile.d/postgresql.shexport PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/pgsql/binexport PGDATA=/data/pgdata[root@node1 postgresql-9.6.1]# source /etc/profile.d/postgresql.sh[root@node1 postgresql-9.6.1]# echo "/usr/local/pgsql/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/pgsql.conf[root@node1 postgresql-9.6.1]# ldconfig#創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫目錄并初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫[root@node1 postgresql-9.6.1]# mkdir /data/pgdata/[root@node1 postgresql-9.6.1]# chown -R postgres.postgres /data/pgdata/[root@node1 postgresql-9.6.1]# su - postgres-bash-4.2$ initdbThe database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.UTF-8".The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".The default text search configuration will be set to "english".fixing permissions on existing directory /data/pgdata ... okcreating subdirectories ... okselecting default max_connections ... 100selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MBselecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posixcreating configuration files ... okrunning bootstrap script ... okperforming post-bootstrap initialization ... oksyncing data to disk ... okSuccess. You can now start the database server using: pg_ctl -D /data/pgdata -l logfile start#安裝contrib目錄下的工具# cd postgresql-9.6.1/contrib/# make# make install#啟動(dòng)和停止數(shù)據(jù)庫# pg_ctl start -D $PGDATA #PGDATA是pgsql的數(shù)據(jù)目錄# pg_ctl stop -D $PGDATA [-m SHUTDOWN-MODE]其中-m是制定數(shù)據(jù)庫的停止方法，有以下三種smart：等所有的連接中止后，關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫。如果客戶端不中止，則無法關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫。fast：快速關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫，斷開客戶端的連接，讓已有的事務(wù)回滾，然后正常關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫。immediate：立即關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫，相當(dāng)于數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)程立即停止，直接退出，下次啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫需要進(jìn)行修復(fù)。

在數(shù)據(jù)目錄下編輯postgresql.conf文件，找到如下內(nèi)容：#listen_addresses = 'localhost'   # what IP address(es) to listen on;#port = 5432       # (change requires restart)listen_addresses表示要監(jiān)聽的地址，要讓網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的主機(jī)登錄這臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)庫，需要把這個(gè)地址改成"*"，或者0.0.0.0。port表示監(jiān)聽的端口，可以不更改，修改這兩個(gè)參數(shù)后，需要重啟才能生效。#與數(shù)據(jù)庫Log相關(guān)的參數(shù)logging_collector = on #日志的收集，on表示打開log_directory = 'pg_log' #定義日志的收集目錄日志的切換和是否選擇覆蓋則可以使用如下幾種方案方案一：每天生產(chǎn)一個(gè)新的日志文件log_filename = ‘postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log'log_truncate_on_rotation = offlog_rotation_age = 1dlog_rotation_size = 0方案二：每當(dāng)日志寫滿一定的大小（如10MB空間），則切換一個(gè)日志log_filename = ‘postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log'log_truncate_on_rotation = offlog_rotation_age = 0log_rotation_size = 10M方案三：只保留7天的日志，進(jìn)行循環(huán)覆蓋 log_filename = ‘postgresql-%a.log'log_truncate_on_rotation = offlog_rotation_age = 1dlog_rotation_size = 0