J2ME藍牙程序開發實戰入門

2019-11-17 05:55:53

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來源：轉載

供稿：網友

　　概述　目前，很多手機已經具備了藍牙功能。雖然MIDP2.0沒有包括藍牙API,但是JCP定義了JSR82, java APIs for Bluetooth Wireless Technology (JABWT).這是一個可選API,很多支持MIDP2.0的手機已經實現了，比如Nokia 6600, Nokia 6670，Nokia7610等等。對于一個開發者來說,假如目標平臺支持JSR82的話，在制作聯網對戰類型游戲或者應用的時候，藍牙是一個相當不錯的選擇。本文給出了一個最簡單的藍牙應用的J2ME程序，用以幫助開發者快速的把握JSR82。該程序分別在2臺藍牙設備上安裝后，一臺設備作為服務端先運行，一臺設備作為客戶端后運行。在服務端上我們發布了一個服務，該服務的功能是把客戶端發過來的字符串轉變為大寫字符串?？蛻舳似饎硬⑺阉鞯椒斩说姆蘸?，我們就可以從客戶端的輸入框里輸入任意的字符串，發送到服務端去，同時觀察服務端的反饋結果。

本文并不具體講述藍牙的運行機制和JSR82的API結構，關于這些知識點，請參考本文的參考資料一節，這些參考資料會給你一個權威的精確的解釋。

　　實例代碼

　　該程序包括3個java文件。一個是MIDlet,另外2個為服務端GUI和客戶端GUI。該程序已經在wtk22模擬器和Nokia 6600,Nokia 6670兩款手機上測試通過。

　　StupidBTMIDlet.java

import javax.microedition.lcdui.Alert;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.AlertType;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Command;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.CommandListener;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Display;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Displayable;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.List;
import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet;
import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDletStateChangeException;
/**
* @author Jagie
*
* MIDlet
*/
public class StupidBTMIDlet extends MIDlet implements CommandListener {
List list;
ServerBox sb;
ClientBox cb;
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet#startApp()
*/
PRotected void startApp() throws MIDletStateChangeException {
list = new List("傻瓜藍牙入門", List.IMPLICIT);
list.append("Client", null);
list.append("Server", null);
list.setCommandListener(this);
Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(list);
}
/**
* debug方法
* @param s 要顯示的字串
*/
public void showString(String s) {
Displayable dp = Display.getDisplay(this).getCurrent();
Alert al = new Alert(null, s, null, AlertType.INFO);
al.setTimeout(2000);
Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(al, dp);
}
/**
* 顯示主菜單
*
*/
public void showMainMenu() {
Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(list);
}
protected void pauseApp() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
public void commandAction(Command com, Displayable disp) {
if (com == List.SELECT_COMMAND) {
List list = (List) disp;
int index = list.getSelectedIndex();
if (index == 1) {
if (sb == null) {
sb = new ServerBox(this);
}
sb.setString(null);
Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(sb);
} else {
//每次都生成新的客戶端實例
cb = null;
System.gc();
cb = new ClientBox(this);
Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(cb);
}
}
}
protected void destroyApp(boolean arg0) throws MIDletStateChangeException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}

　　ClientBox.java

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Vector;
import javax.microedition.io.Connector;
import javax.microedition.io.StreamConnection;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Command;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.CommandListener;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Displayable;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Form;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Gauge;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.StringItem;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.TextField;
//jsr082 API
import javax.bluetooth.BluetoothStateException;
import javax.bluetooth.DeviceClass;
import javax.bluetooth.DiscoveryAgent;
import javax.bluetooth.DiscoveryListener;
import javax.bluetooth.LocalDevice;
import javax.bluetooth.RemoteDevice;
import javax.bluetooth.ServiceRecord;
import javax.bluetooth.UUID;
/**
* 客戶端GUI
* @author Jagie
*
* TODO To change the template for this generated type comment go to
* Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates
*/
public class ClientBox extends Form implements Runnable, CommandListener,
DiscoveryListener {
//字串輸入框
TextField input = new TextField(null, "", 50, TextField.ANY);
//loger
StringItem result = new StringItem("結果:", "");
private DiscoveryAgent discoveryAgent;
private UUID[] uuidSet;
//響應服務的UUID
private static final UUID ECHO_SERVER_UUID = new UUID(
"F0E0D0C0B0A000908070605040302010", false);
//設備集合
Vector devices = new Vector();
//服務集合
Vector records = new Vector();
//服務搜索的事務id集合
int[] transIDs;
StupidBTMIDlet midlet;
public ClientBox(StupidBTMIDlet midlet) {
super("");
this.midlet=midlet;
this.append(result);
this.addCommand(new Command("取消",Command.CANCEL,1));
this.setCommandListener(this);
new Thread(this).start();
}
public void commandAction(Command arg0, Displayable arg1) {
if(arg0.getCommandType()==Command.CANCEL){
midlet.showMainMenu();
}else{
//匿名內部Thread，訪問遠程服務。
Thread fetchThread=new Thread(){
public void run(){
for(int i=0;i<records.size();i++){
ServiceRecord sr=(ServiceRecord)records.elementAt(i);
if(accessService(sr)){
//訪問到一個可用的服務即可
break;
}
}
}
};
fetchThread.start();
}
}
private boolean accessService(ServiceRecord sr){
boolean result=false;
try {
String url = sr.getConnectionURL(
ServiceRecord.NOAUTHENTICATE_NOENCRYPT, false);
StreamConnection conn = (StreamConnection) Connector.open(url);
DataOutputStream dos=conn.openDataOutputStream();
dos.writeUTF(input.getString());
dos.close();
DataInputStream dis=conn.openDataInputStream();
String echo=dis.readUTF();
dis.close();
showInfo("反饋結果是:"+echo);
result=true;
} catch (IOException e) {
}
return result;
}
public synchronized void run() {
//發現設備和服務的過程中，給用戶以Gauge
Gauge g=new Gauge(null,false,Gauge.INDEFINITE,Gauge.CONTINUOUS_RUNNING);
this.append(g);
showInfo("藍牙初始化...");
boolean isBTReady = false;
try {
LocalDevice localDevice = LocalDevice.getLocalDevice();
discoveryAgent = localDevice.getDiscoveryAgent();
isBTReady = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (!isBTReady) {
showInfo("藍牙不可用");
//刪除Gauge
this.delete(1);
return;
}
uuidSet = new UUID[2];
//標志我們的響應服務的UUID集合
uuidSet[0] = new UUID(0x1101);
uuidSet[1] = ECHO_SERVER_UUID;
try {
discoveryAgent.startInquiry(DiscoveryAgent.GIAC, this);
} catch (BluetoothStateException e) {
}
try {
//阻塞,由inquiryCompleted()回調方法喚醒
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
showInfo("設備搜索完畢,共找到"+devices.size()+"個設備,開始搜索服務");
transIDs = new int[devices.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < devices.size(); i++) {
RemoteDevice rd = (RemoteDevice) devices.elementAt(i);
try {
//記錄每一次服務搜索的事務id
transIDs[i] = discoveryAgent.searchServices(null, uuidSet,
rd, this);
} catch (BluetoothStateException e) {
continue;
}
}
try {
//阻塞,由serviceSearchCompleted()回調方法在所有設備都搜索完的情況下喚醒
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
showInfo("服務搜索完畢,共找到"+records.size()+"個服務,預備發送請求");
if(records.size()>0){
this.append(input);
this.addCommand(new Command("發送",Command.OK,0));
}
//刪除Gauge
this.delete(1);
}
/**
* debug
* @param s
*/
private void showInfo(String s){
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer(result.getText());
if(sb.length()>0){
sb.append("/n");
}
sb.append(s);
result.setText(sb.toString());
}
/**
* 回調方法
*/
public void deviceDiscovered(RemoteDevice btDevice, DeviceClass cod) {
if (devices.indexOf(btDevice) == -1) {
devices.addElement(btDevice);
}
}
/**
* 回調方法，喚醒初始化線程
*/
public void inquiryCompleted(int discType) {
synchronized (this) {
notify();
}
}
/**
* 回調方法
*/
public void servicesDiscovered(int transID, ServiceRecord[] servRecord) {
for (int i = 0; i < servRecord.length; i++) {
records.addElement(servRecord[i]);
}
}
/**
* 回調方法，喚醒初始化線程
*/
public void serviceSearchCompleted(int transID, int respCode) {
for (int i = 0; i < transIDs.length; i++) {
if (transIDs[i] == transID) {
transIDs[i] = -1;
break;
}
}
//假如所有的設備都已經搜索服務完畢，則喚醒初始化線程。
boolean finished = true;
for (int i = 0; i < transIDs.length; i++) {
if (transIDs[i] != -1) {
finished = false;
break;
}
}
if (finished) {
synchronized (this) {
notify();
}
}
}
}

　　ServerBox.java

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Vector;
import javax.bluetooth.DiscoveryAgent;
import javax.bluetooth.LocalDevice;
import javax.bluetooth.ServiceRecord;
import javax.bluetooth.UUID;
import javax.microedition.io.Connector;
import javax.microedition.io.StreamConnection;
import javax.microedition.io.StreamConnectionNotifier;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Command;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.CommandListener;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Displayable;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.TextBox;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.TextField;
/**
* 服務端GUI
* @author Jagie
*
* TODO To change the template for this generated type comment go to
* Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates
*/
public class ServerBox extends TextBox implements Runnable, CommandListener {
Command com_pub = new Command("開啟服務", Command.OK, 0);
Command com_cancel = new Command("終止服務", Command.CANCEL, 0);
Command com_back = new Command("返回", Command.BACK, 1);
LocalDevice localDevice;
StreamConnectionNotifier notifier;
ServiceRecord record;
boolean isClosed;
ClientProcessor processor;
StupidBTMIDlet midlet;
//響應服務的uuid
private static final UUID ECHO_SERVER_UUID = new UUID(
"F0E0D0C0B0A000908070605040302010", false);
public ServerBox(StupidBTMIDlet midlet) {
super(null, "", 500, TextField.ANY);
this.midlet = midlet;
this.addCommand(com_pub);
this.addCommand(com_back);
this.setCommandListener(this);
}
public void run() {
boolean isBTReady = false;
try {
localDevice = LocalDevice.getLocalDevice();
if (!localDevice.setDiscoverable(DiscoveryAgent.GIAC)) {
showInfo("無法設置設備發現模式");
return;
}
// prepare a URL to create a notifier
StringBuffer url = new StringBuffer("btspp://");
// indicate this is a server
url.append("localhost").append(':');
// add the UUID to identify this service
url.append(ECHO_SERVER_UUID.toString());
// add the name for our service
url.append(";name=Echo Server");
// request all of the client not to be authorized
// some devices fail on authorize=true
url.append(";authorize=false");
// create notifier now
notifier = (StreamConnectionNotifier) Connector
.open(url.toString());
record = localDevice.getRecord(notifier);
// remember we've reached this point.
isBTReady = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// nothing to do if no bluetooth available
if (isBTReady) {
showInfo("初始化成功，等待連接");
this.removeCommand(com_pub);
this.addCommand(com_cancel);
}
else {