Servlet總結

本程序采用Servlet開發技術，MVC分層，所有程序在設計時都要接口為操作的標準，主要邏輯操作只有增刪改查。

具體實現操作請看源代碼。

本程序采用的是MySQL數據庫，需加入相應的jar包

目錄結構

首先貼上底層數據層：

連接數據庫

package com.student.dbc ;import java.sql.* ;public class DatabaseConnection {    PRivate static final String DBDRIVER = "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" ;     private static final String DBURL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/java_web?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" ;    private static final String DBUSER = "root" ;    private static final String DBPASSWord = "root" ;    private Connection conn = null ;    public DatabaseConnection() throws Exception{        try{            Class.forName(DBDRIVER) ;            this.conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DBURL,DBUSER,DBPASSWORD) ;        }catch(Exception e){            throw e ;        }    }    public Connection getConnection(){        return this.conn ;    }    public void close() throws Exception{        if(this.conn != null){            try{                this.conn.close() ;            }catch(Exception e){                throw e ;            }        }    }}

實體類

package com.student.vo;public class Student {    private String id;    private String name;    private int age;    private int sex;    private String major;    private String college;    private String introduction;    public String getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(String id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }    public int getSex() {        return sex;    }    public void setSex(int sex) {        this.sex = sex;    }    public String getMajor() {        return major;    }    public void setMajor(String major) {        this.major = major;    }    public String getCollege() {        return college;    }    public void setCollege(String college) {        this.college = college;    }    public String getIntroduction() {        return introduction;    }    public void setIntroduction(String introduction) {        this.introduction = introduction;    }    }

業務邏輯類

package com.student.action;import java.sql.PreparedStatement;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.util.ArrayList;import com.mysql.jdbc.Connection;import com.student.dbc.DatabaseConnection;import com.student.vo.Student;public class StudentAction {        private static Connection conn = null ;            /**     * 增加學生     * @param id     * @param name     * @param age     * @param sex     * @param major     * @param college     * @param introduction     * @return     */    public static boolean addStudent(String id,String name,int age,int sex,String major,String college,String introduction) {                try {            java.sql.Connection conn=new DatabaseConnection().getConnection();            PreparedStatement st=conn.prepareStatement("insert into student values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?)");                                st.setString(1, id);            st.setString(2, name);            st.setInt(3, age);            st.setInt(4, sex);            st.setString(5, major);            st.setString(6, college);            st.setString(7, introduction);                        st.execute();            conn.close();            return true;                } catch (Exception e) {            // TODO: handle exception            return false;        }            }    /**     * 更新學生     * @param id     * @param name     * @param age     * @param sex     * @param major     * @param college     * @param introduction     * @return     */        public static boolean updateStudent(String id,String name,int age,int sex,String major,String college,String introduction) {        try {            java.sql.Connection conn=new DatabaseConnection().getConnection();            PreparedStatement st=conn.prepareStatement("update student set name=?,age=?,sex=?,major=?,college=?,introduction=? where id=?");                        st.setString(1, name);            st.setInt(2, age);            st.setInt(3, sex);            st.setString(4, major);            st.setString(5, college);            st.setString(6, introduction);            st.setString(7, id);                        st.execute();            conn.close();            return true;                } catch (Exception e) {            // TODO: handle exception            return false;        }    }        /**     * 刪除     * @param id     * @return     */    public static boolean deleteStudent(String id) {        try {                        java.sql.Connection conn=new DatabaseConnection().getConnection();            PreparedStatement st=conn.prepareStatement("delete from student where id=?");                        st.setString(1, id);                        st.execute();                        conn.close();            return true;        }catch (Exception e) {            // TODO: handle exception            return false;        }    }    /**     * 獲取全部學生     * @return     */    public static  ArrayList getAllstudent() {        ArrayList students=new ArrayList();                try {            java.sql.Connection conn=new DatabaseConnection().getConnection();            PreparedStatement st=conn.prepareStatement("select * from student");            st.execute();            ResultSet rs=st.getResultSet();            while(rs.next()){                Student student=new Student();                student.setId(rs.getString("id"));                student.setName(rs.getString("name"));                student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));                student.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));                student.setMajor(rs.getString("major"));                student.setCollege(rs.getString("college"));                student.setIntroduction(rs.getString("introduction"));                students.add(student);                            }            conn.close();                } catch (Exception e) {            // TODO: handle exception        }            return students;    }    /**     * 按學號查詢學生     * @param id     * @return     */    public static  Student getStudent(String id) {                Student student=null;        try {            java.sql.Connection conn=new DatabaseConnection().getConnection();            PreparedStatement st=conn.prepareStatement("select * from student where id=?");                        st.setString(1,    id);            st.execute();            ResultSet rs=st.getResultSet();            while(rs.next()){                student=new Student();                            student.setId(rs.getString("id"));                student.setName(rs.getString("name"));                student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));                student.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));                student.setMajor(rs.getString("major"));                student.setCollege(rs.getString("college"));                student.setIntroduction(rs.getString("introduction"));                                        }            conn.close();                } catch (Exception e) {            // TODO: handle exception        }            return student;    }}

jsp與數據交換層

package com.student.servlet;import java.io.IOException;import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import com.student.action.StudentAction;public class StudentServlet extends HttpServlet {    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        doPost(request, response);    }    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");                if(request.getRequestURI().endsWith("/viewStudent")){            RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("viewstudent.jsp");            dispatcher .forward(request, response);        }else if(request.getRequestURI().endsWith("/addStudent")){                    doAddStudent(request,response);        }        else if (request.getRequestURI().endsWith("/updateStudent")) {                        doUpdateStudent(request,response);        }else if (request.getRequestURI().endsWith("/deleteStudent")) {            doDeleteStudent(request,response);                    }                        }    private void doAddStudent(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{        String id=request.getParameter("id");        String name=request.getParameter("name");        String age=request.getParameter("age");        String sex=request.getParameter("sex");        String major=request.getParameter("major");        String college=request.getParameter("college");        String introduction=request.getParameter("introduction");                StudentAction.addStudent(id, name,new Integer(age), new Integer(sex), major, college, introduction);        response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");    }    private void doUpdateStudent(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {        String id=request.getParameter("id");                String name=request.getParameter("name");        String age=request.getParameter("age");        String sex=request.getParameter("sex");        String major=request.getParameter("major");        String college=request.getParameter("college");        String introduction=request.getParameter("introduction");                StudentAction.updateStudent(id, name, new Integer(age), new Integer(sex), major, college, introduction);        response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");}    private void doDeleteStudent(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {    String id=request.getParameter("id");    StudentAction.deleteStudent(id);    response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");}    }

數據庫表，可直接復制

JSP頁面

<%@page import="com.student.vo.Student"%><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><%@ page import="com.student.action.StudentAction"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>  <head>    <base href="<%=basePath%>">        <title>學生管理系統</title>    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">    <meta http-equiv="descrCSS" href="styles.css">    -->    <link id="bs-css" href="css/bootstrap-cerulean.min.css" rel="stylesheet">    <link href="css/charisma-app.css" rel="stylesheet">             </head>  <body><div class="box col-md-12" >            <div class="box-inner">                <div class="box-header well" data-original-title="">                    <h2><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></i> 學生管理系統</h2>                     <div class="box-icon">                        <a href="addstudent.jsp" class="btn btn-minimize btn-round btn-default"><i                                class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-up"></i>添加學生</a>                                                                        </div>                  </div>                <div class="box-content">                    <table class="table table-striped table-bordered responsive" width="80%">                        <thead>                        <tr>                              <th class="center">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;學號</th>                              <th class="center">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;姓名</th>                              <th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;年齡</th>                              <th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;性別</th>                              <th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;專業</th>                              <th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;學院</th>                              <th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;簡介</th>                            <th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;操作</th>                        </tr>                        </thead>                        <tbody>                        <tr>                        <% ArrayList students=StudentAction.getAllstudent();            for(int i=0;i<students.size();i++){                Student student=(Student)students.get(i);%>                                            <td class="center">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<%=student.getId() %></td>                            <td class="center">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<%=student.getName() %></td>                            <td class="center">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<%=student.getAge()%></td>                            <% if(student.getSex()==1){%>                            <td class="center">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;男</td><%}else{ %>                            <td class="center">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;女</td>                            <%} %>                            <td class="center">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<%=student.getMajor()%></td>                            <td class="center">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<%=student.getCollege()%></td>                            <td class="center">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<%=student.getIntroduction()%>...</td>                        <td >                              <a class="btn btn-success"href="viewStudent?id=<%=student.getId()%>">                                    <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-zoom-in icon-white"></i>                                    查看                                </a>                                                                <a class="btn btn-info" href="updatestudent.jsp?id=<%=student.getId()%>">                                    <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-edit icon-white"></i>                                    修改                                </a>                                <a class="btn btn-danger" href="deleteStudent?id=<%=student.getId()%>">                                    <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-trash icon-white"></i>                                    刪除                                </a>                           </td>                                                    </tr>                                               </tbody>                            <%            } %>                    </table>                </div>            </div>        </div>  </body></html>

<%@page import="com.student.vo.Student"%><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><%@ page import="com.student.action.StudentAction"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>  <head>    <base href="<%=basePath%>">        <title>添加學生信息</title>    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">    <!--    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">    -->        <link id="bs-css" href="css/bootstrap-cerulean.min.css" rel="stylesheet">    <link href="css/charisma-app.css" rel="stylesheet">      </head>  <body>    <div class="box col-md-3">        <div class="box-inner">            <div class="box-header well" data-original-title="">                <h2><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-edit"></i>學生信息</h2>            </div>            <div class="box-content">                <form action="addStudent" method="post" role="form">                    <div class="form-group">                                               <input type="text" class="form-control" name="id" placeholder="學號">                                                <input type="text" class="form-control" name="name" placeholder="姓名">                        <input type="text" class="form-control"  name="age" placeholder="年齡">                                                                      <select  class="form-control" name="sex"><option value="1" >--------性別--------</option><option value="1">男</option><option value="0">女</option></select>                        <input type="text" class="form-control"  name="major" placeholder="專業">                                               <input type="text" class="form-control"  name="college" placeholder="學院">                        <label for="exampleInputEmail1">簡介</label>                        <textarea type="text" class="form-control" rows="5" name="introduction" style="resize: none;" ></textarea>                    </div>                                 <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">提交</button>                </form>            </div>        </div>    </div>    </body></html>

<%@page import="com.student.vo.Student"%><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><%@ page import="com.student.action.StudentAction"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>  <head>    <base href="<%=basePath%>">        <title>添加學生信息</title>    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">    <!--    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">    -->        <link id="bs-css" href="css/bootstrap-cerulean.min.css" rel="stylesheet">    <link href="css/charisma-app.css" rel="stylesheet">      </head><%String id=request.getParameter("id");Student student=StudentAction.getStudent(id); %>  <body>        <div class="box col-md-3">        <div class="box-inner">            <div class="box-header well" data-original-title="學生信息">                <h2><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-edit"></i>修改學生信息</h2>            </div>            <div class="box-content">                <form action="updateStudent" method="post" role="form">                    <div class="form-group">                       <label>學號</label>                        <input type="text" class="form-control" name="id" value="<%=student.getId() %>">                        <label>姓名</label>                        <input type="text" class="form-control" name="name" value="<%=student.getName() %>">                        <label>年齡</label>  <input type="text" class="form-control"  name="age" value="<%=student.getAge() %>">                           <label>性別</label><% if(student.getSex()==1){%>                             男<%}else{ %>                            女                            <%} %>                             <select  class="form-control" name="sex"><option  value="1">--------性別--------</option><option value="1">男</option><option value="0">女</option></select>                         <label>專業</label> <input type="text" class="form-control"  name="major" value="<%=student.getMajor()%>">                                               <label>學院</label>  <input type="text" class="form-control"  name="college" value="<%=student.getCollege()%>">                        <label for="exampleInputEmail1">簡介</label>                        <textarea class="form-control" rows="5" name="introduction" placeholder=" <%=student.getIntroduction()%>" style="resize: none;" ><%=student.getIntroduction()%></textarea>                    </div>                                 <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">更新信息</button>                </form>            </div>        </div>    </div>    <form action="updateStudent" method="post"><table ><tr><td>學號</td><td><input type="text" name="id" value="<%=id %>" readonly="true" ></td></tr><tr><td>姓名</td><td><input type="text" name="name" value="<%=student.getName() %>"></td></tr><tr><td>年齡</td><td><input type="text" name="age" value="<%=student.getAge()%>"></td></tr><tr><td>性別</td><td><select name="sex"><option value="1">男</option><option value="0">女</option></select></td></tr><tr><td>專業</td><td><input type="text" name="major" value="<%=student.getMajor()%>"></td></tr><tr><td>學院</td><td><input type="text" name="college" value="<%=student.getCollege()%>"></td></tr><tr><td>簡介</td><td><textarea  rows="10" cols="30" name="introduction" ><%=student.getIntroduction() %></textarea></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="提交"></td></tr></table></form>  </body></html>

<%@page import="com.student.vo.Student"%><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><%@ page import="com.student.action.StudentAction"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>  <head>    <base href="<%=basePath%>">        <title>查看學生信息</title>    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">    <!--    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">    -->        <link id="bs-css" href="css/bootstrap-cerulean.min.css" rel="stylesheet">    <link href="css/charisma-app.css" rel="stylesheet">      </head><%String id=request.getParameter("id");Student student=StudentAction.getStudent(id); %>  <body>      <div class="box col-md-3">        <div class="box-inner">            <div class="box-header well" data-original-title="學生信息">                <h2><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-edit"></i>學生信息</h2>                                       &nbsp;<a href="index.jsp" ><h5 align="right">返回</h5></a>                                                                                  </div>            <div class="box-content">                <form action="#" method="post" role="form">                    <div class="form-group">                       <label>學號</label>                        <input type="text" class="form-control" name="id" placeholder="<%=student.getId() %>" readonly="readonly">                        <label>姓名</label>                        <input type="text" class="form-control" name="name" placeholder="<%=student.getName() %>" readonly="readonly">                        <label>年齡</label>  <input type="text" class="form-control"  name="age" placeholder="<%=student.getAge() %>" readonly="readonly">                           <label>性別</label><% if(student.getSex()==1){%>                             <input type="text" class="form-control"  placeholder="男" readonly="readonly"><%}else{ %>                            <input type="text" class="form-control"  placeholder="女" readonly="readonly"></td>                            <%} %>                         <label>專業</label> <input type="text" class="form-control"  name="major" placeholder="<%=student.getMajor()%>" readonly="readonly">                                               <label>學院</label>  <input type="text" class="form-control"  name="college" placeholder="<%=student.getCollege()%>" readonly="readonly">                        <label for="exampleInputEmail1">簡介</label>                        <textarea type="text" class="form-control" rows="5" name="introduction" placeholder=" <%=student.getIntroduction()%>" style="resize: none;" readonly="readonly"></textarea>                    </div>                             </form>            </div>        </div>    </div>    </body></html>

web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="3.0"    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">  <servlet>       <servlet-name>StudentServlet</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>com.student.servlet.StudentServlet</servlet-class>  </servlet>    <servlet>    <servlet-name>addStudent</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>com.student.servlet.StudentServlet</servlet-class>  </servlet>   <servlet>    <servlet-name>viewStudent</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>com.student.servlet.StudentServlet</servlet-class>  </servlet>        <servlet>    <servlet-name>deleteStudent</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>com.student.servlet.StudentServlet</servlet-class>  </servlet>    <servlet>    <servlet-name>updateStudent</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>com.student.servlet.StudentServlet</servlet-class>  </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>StudentServlet</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/StudentServlet</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>      <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>updateStudent</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/updateStudent</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>deleteStudent</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/deleteStudent</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>addStudent</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/addStudent</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>   <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>viewStudent</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/viewStudent</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping></web-app>

cs