NSDate存儲的是世界標準時(UTC),輸出時需要根據時區轉換為本地時間
Dates
NSDate類提供了創建date,比較date以及計算兩個date之間間隔的功能。Date對象是不可改變的。
如果你要創建date對象并表示當前日期,你可以alloc一個NSDate對象并調用init初始化:
C代碼
NSDate *now = [[NSDate alloc] init];
或者使用NSDate的date類方法來創建一個日期對象。如果你需要與當前日期不同的日期,你可以使用NSDate的initWithTimeInterval...或dateWithTimeInterval...方法,你也可以使用更復雜的calendar或date components對象。
創建一定時間間隔的NSDate對象:
C代碼
NSTimeInterval secondsPerDay = 24 * 60 * 60;
NSDate *tomorrow = [[NSDate alloc] initWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:secondsPerDay];
NSDate *yesterday = [[NSDate alloc] initWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:-secondsPerDay];
[tomorrow release];
[yesterday release];
使用增加時間間隔的方式來生成NSDate對象:
C代碼
NSTimeInterval secondsPerDay = 24 * 60 * 60;
NSDate *today = [[NSDate alloc] init];
NSDate *tomorrow, *yesterday;
tomorrow = [today dateByAddingTimeInterval: secondsPerDay];
yesterday = [today dateByAddingTimeInterval: -secondsPerDay];
[today release];
如果要對NSDate對象進行比較,可以使用isEqualToDate:, compare:, laterDate:和 earlierDate:方法。這些方法都進行精確比較,也就是說這些方法會一直精確比較到NSDate對象中秒一級。例如,你可能比較兩個日期,如果他們之間的間隔在一分鐘之內則認為這兩個日期是相等的。在這種情況下使用,timeIntervalSinceDate:方法來對兩個日期進行比較。下面的代碼進行了示例:
C代碼
if (fabs([date2 timeIntervalSinceDate:date1]) < 60) ...
NSCalendar & NSDateComponents
日歷對象封裝了對系統日期的計算,包括這一年開始,總天數以及劃分。你將使用日歷對象對絕對日期與date components(包括年,月,日,時,分,秒)進行轉換。
NSCalendar定義了不同的日歷,包括佛教歷,格里高利歷等(這些都與系統提供的本地化設置相關)。NSCalendar與NSDateComponents對象緊密相關。
你可以通過NSCalendar對象的currentCalendar方法來獲得當前系統用戶設置的日歷。
C代碼
NSCalendar *currentCalendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar];
NSCalendar *japaneseCalendar = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSJapaneseCalendar];
NSCalendar *usersCalendar = [[NSLocale currentLocale] objectForKey:NSLocaleCalendar];
usersCalendar和currentCalendar對象是相等的,盡管他們是不同的對象。
你可以使用NSDateComponents對象來表示一個日期對象的組件——例如年,月,日和小時。如果要使一個NSDateComponents對象有意義,你必須將其與一個日歷對象相關聯。下面的代碼示例了如何創建一個NSDateComponents對象:
C代碼
NSDateComponents *components = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];
[components setDay:6];
[components setMonth:5];
[components setYear:2004];
NSInteger weekday = [components weekday]; // Undefined (== NSUndefinedDateComponent)
要將一個日期對象解析到相應的date components,你可以使用NSCalendar的components:fromDate:方法。此外日期本身,你需要指定NSDateComponents對象返回組件。
C代碼
NSDate *today = [NSDate date];
NSCalendar *gregorian = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSGregorianCalendar];
NSDateComponents *weekdayComponents = [gregorian components:(NSDayCalendarUnit | NSWeekdayCalendarUnit) fromDate:today];
NSInteger day = [weekdayComponents day];
NSInteger weekday = [weekdayComponents weekday];
同樣你也可以從NSDateComponents對象來創建NSDate對象:
C代碼
NSDateComponents *components = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];
[components setWeekday:2]; // Monday
[components setWeekdayOrdinal:1]; // The first Monday in the month
[components setMonth:5]; // May
[components setYear:2008];
NSCalendar *gregorian = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSGregorianCalendar];
NSDate *date = [gregorian dateFromComponents:components];
為了保證正確的行為,您必須確保使用的組件在日歷上是有意義的。指定“出界”日歷組件,如一個-6或2月30日在公歷中的日期值產生未定義的行為。
你也可以創建一個不帶年份的NSDate對象,這樣的操作系統會自動生成一個年份,但在后面的代碼中不會使用其自動生成的年份。
C代碼
NSDateComponents *components = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];
[components setMonth:11];
[components setDay:7];
NSCalendar *gregorian = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSGregorianCalendar];
NSDate *birthday = [gregorian dateFromComponents:components];
下面的示例顯示了如何從一個日歷置換到另一個日歷:
C代碼
NSDateComponents *comps = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];
[comps setDay:6];
[comps setMonth:5];
[comps setYear:2004];
NSCalendar *gregorian = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSGregorianCalendar];
NSDate *date = [gregorian dateFromComponents:comps];
[comps release];
[gregorian release];
NSCalendar *hebrew = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSHebrewCalendar];
NSUInteger unitFlags = NSDayCalendarUnit | NSMonthCalendarUnit | NSYearCalendarUnit;
NSDateComponents *components = [hebrew components:unitFlags fromDate:date];
NSInteger day = [components day]; // 15
NSInteger month = [components month]; // 9
NSInteger year = [components year]; // 5764
歷法計算
在當前時間加上一個半小時:
C代碼
NSDate *today = [[NSDate alloc] init];
NSCalendar *gregorian = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSGregorianCalendar];
NSDateComponents *offsetComponents = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];
[offsetComponents setHour:1];
[offsetComponents setMinute:30];
// Calculate when, according to Tom Lehrer, World War III will end
NSDate *endOfWorldWar3 = [gregorian dateByAddingComponents:offsetComponents toDate:today options:0];
獲得當前星期中的星期天(使用格里高利歷):
C代碼
NSDate *today = [[NSDate alloc] init];
NSCalendar *gregorian = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSGregorianCalendar];
// Get the weekday component of the current date
NSDateComponents *weekdayComponents = [gregorian components:NSWeekdayCalendarUnit fromDate:today];
/*
Create a date components to rePResent the number of days to subtract from the current date.
The weekday value for Sunday in the Gregorian calendar is 1, so subtract 1 from the number of days to subtract from the date in question. (If today is Sunday, subtract 0 days.)
*/
NSDateComponents *componentsToSubtract = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];
[componentsToSubtract setDay: 0 - ([weekdayComponents weekday] - 1)];
NSDate *beginningOfWeek = [gregorian dateByAddingComponents:componentsToSubtract toDate:today options:0];
/*
Optional step:
beginningOfWeek now has the same hour, minute, and second as the original date (today).
To normalize to midnight, extract the year, month, and day components and create a new date from those components.
*/
NSDateComponents *components = [gregorian components:(NSYearCalendarUnit | NSMonthCalendarUnit | NSDayCalendarUnit) fromDate: beginningOfWeek];
beginningOfWeek = [gregorian dateFromComponents:components];
如何可以計算出一周的第一天(根據系統的日歷設置):
C代碼
NSDate *today = [[NSDate alloc] init];
NSDate *beginningOfWeek = nil;
BOOL ok = [gregorian rangeOfUnit:NSWeekCalendarUnit startDate:&beginningOfWeek interval:NULL forDate: today];
獲得兩個日期之間的間隔:
C代碼
NSDate *startDate = ...;
NSDate *endDate = ...;
NSCalendar *gregorian = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSGregorianCalendar];
NSUInteger unitFlags = NSMonthCalendarUnit | NSDayCalendarUnit;
NSDateComponents *components = [gregorian components:unitFlags fromDate:startDate toDate:endDate options:0];
NSInteger months = [components month];
NSInteger days = [components day];
使用Category來計算同一時代(AD|BC)兩個日期午夜之間的天數:
C代碼
@implementation NSCalendar (MySpecialCalculations)
-(NSInteger)daysWithinEraFromDate:(NSDate *) startDate toDate:(NSDate *) endDate {
NSInteger startDay=[self ordinalityOfUnit:NSDayCalendarUnit inUnit: NSEraCalendarUnit forDate:startDate];
NSInteger endDay=[self ordinalityOfUnit:NSDayCalendarUnit inUnit: NSEraCalendarUnit forDate:endDate];
return endDay-startDay;
}
@end
使用Category來計算不同時代(AD|BC)兩個日期的天數:
C代碼
@implementation NSCalendar (MyOtherMethod)
-(NSInteger) daysFromDate:(NSDate *) startDate toDate:(NSDate *) endDate {
NSCalendarUnit units=NSEraCalendarUnit | NSYearCalendarUnit | NSMonthCalendarUnit | NSDayCalendarUnit;
NSDateComponents *comp1=[self components:units fromDate:startDate];
NSDateComponents *comp2=[self components:units fromDate endDate];
[comp1 setHour:12];
[comp2 setHour:12];
NSDate *date1=[self dateFromComponents: comp1];
NSDate *date2=[self dateFromComponents: comp2];
return [[self components:NSDayCalendarUnit fromDate:date1 toDate:date2 options:0] day];
}
@end
判斷一個日期是否在當前一周內(使用格里高利歷):
C代碼
-(BOOL)isDateThisWeek:(NSDate *)date {
NSDate *start;
NSTimeInterval extends;
NSCalendar *cal=[NSCalendar autoupdatingCurrentCalendar];
NSDate *today=[NSDate date];
BOOL success= [cal rangeOfUnit:NSWeekCalendarUnit startDate:&start interval: &extends forDate:today];
if(!success)
return NO;
NSTimeInterval dateInSecs = [date timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate];
NSTimeInterval dayStartInSecs= [start timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate];
if(dateInSecs > dayStartInSecs && dateInSecs < (dayStartInSecs+extends)){
return YES;
}
else {
return NO;
}
}
來源:http://blog.csdn.net/lingedeng/article/details/6996599
1、獲取當前時間
C代碼
NSDateFormatter*formatter = [[NSDateFormatteralloc] init];
[formatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"];
NSString *locationString=[formatter stringFromDate: [NSDate date]];
另外的方法:
C代碼
-(NSString *)getDate
{
NSDateFormatter*formatter = [[NSDateFormatteralloc] init];
[formatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd EEEE HH:mm:ss a"];
NSString *locationString=[formatter stringFromDate: [NSDate date]];
[formatter release];
return locationString;
}
//大寫的H日期格式將默認為24小時制,小寫的h日期格式將默認為12小時
//不需要特別設置,只需要在dataFormat里設置類似"yyyy-MMM-dd"這樣的格式就可以了