[iOS微博項目-1.0]-搭建基本框架

2019-11-14 19:35:39

字體：大中小

來源：轉載

供稿：網友

A.搭建基本環境

github: https://github.com/hellovoidworld/HVWWeibo

項目結構:

1.使用代碼構建UI，不使用storyboard

AppDelegate:

 1 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions { 2     // Override point for customization after application launch. 3     4     // 啟動后顯示狀態欄 5     UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication]; 6     app.statusBarHidden = NO; 7     8     // 設置window 9     self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] init];10     self.window.frame = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds;11    12     [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];13    14     return YES;15 }

2.使用LaunchImage作為啟動圖，不使用xib

3.配置圖標AppIcon

不使用系統渲染圖標

4.設置屏幕方向-->只有豎向

5.啟動時隱藏狀態欄

B.項目分層 & 創建PCH

1.項目分層

為了讓在Finder中顯示跟Xcode中顯示都是分層效果，首先在Finder中建文件目錄層次

再把文件目錄拖入Xcode

2.創建并配置一個pch文件，來用聲明全局公共宏命令

配置：

C.添加子控制器

1.為每個Tab創建一個集成UITableViewController的類

分別是：首頁、信息、發現、我

2.創建一個集成UITabBarController的類作為window的rootViewController

AppDelegate:

 1 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions { 2     // Override point for customization after application launch. 3     4     // 啟動后顯示狀態欄 5     UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication]; 6     app.statusBarHidden = NO; 7     8     // 設置window 9     self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] init];10     self.window.frame = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds;11    12     // 創建根控制器13     HVWTabBarViewController *tabVC = [[HVWTabBarViewController alloc] init];14     self.window.rootViewController = tabVC;15    16     [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];17    18     return YES;19 }

3.在上述的TabBarController中創建并添加子控件

HVWTabBarViewController.m :

 1 - (void)viewDidLoad { 2     [super viewDidLoad]; 3     // Do any additional setup after loading the view. 4     5     // 添加子控制器 6     // 首頁 7     HVWHomeViewController *homeVC = [[HVWHomeViewController alloc] init]; 8     homeVC.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor]; 9     homeVC.title = @"首頁";10     [self addChildViewController:homeVC];11    12     // 消息13     HVWMessageViewController *messageVC = [[HVWMessageViewController alloc] init];14     messageVC.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];15     messageVC.title = @"消息";16     [self addChildViewController:messageVC];17    18     // 發現19     HVWDiscoverViewController *discoverVC = [[HVWDiscoverViewController alloc] init];20     discoverVC.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];21     discoverVC.title = @"發現";22     [self addChildViewController:discoverVC];23    24     // 我25     HVWPRofileViewController *profileVC = [[HVWProfileViewController alloc] init];26     profileVC.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];27     profileVC.title = @"我";28     [self addChildViewController:profileVC];29 }

4.為tab添加圖片

1.需求：要區分iOS7之前及之后的系統，使用不同的圖片

這里創建一個UIImage的分類，新寫一個加載圖片的的方法，用來自動檢測系統版本并加載不同的圖片

（1）iOS6使用普通圖片, iOS7及以上系統版本使用的是帶有"_os7"結尾的圖片

（2）添加一條用來判別系統版本的宏

HVWWeibo-Prefix.pch:

 1 #ifndef HVWWeibo_HVWWeibo_Prefix_pch 2 #define HVWWeibo_HVWWeibo_Prefix_pch 3  4 // Include any system framework and library headers here that should be included in all compilation units. 5 // You will also need to set the Prefix Header build setting of one or more of your targets to reference this file. 6  7 // 判別是否iOS7或以上版本系統 8 #define iOS7 ([UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.doubleValue >= 7.0) 9 10 #endif

（3）創建UIImage+Extension分類

UIImage+Extension.m:

 1 #import "UIImage+Extension.h" 2  3 @implementation UIImage (Extension) 4  5 + (UIImage *) imageWithNamed:(NSString *) imageName { 6     UIImage *image = nil; 7     8     // 如果是iOS7或以上版本 9     if (iOS7) {10         image = [UIImage imageNamed:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@_os7", imageName]];11     }12    13     // 如果是iOS614     if (nil == image) {15         image = [UIImage imageNamed:imageName];16     }17    18     return image;19 }20 21 @end

（4）添加tab圖標

封裝一下創建子控制器的代碼

HVWTabBarViewController.m:

 1 #import "HVWTabBarViewController.h" 2 #import "HVWHomeViewController.h" 3 #import "HVWMessageViewController.h" 4 #import "HVWDiscoverViewController.h" 5 #import "HVWProfileViewController.h" 6 #import "UIImage+Extension.h" 7  8 @interface HVWTabBarViewController () 9 10 @end11 12 @implementation HVWTabBarViewController13 14 - (void)viewDidLoad {15     [super viewDidLoad];16     // Do any additional setup after loading the view.17    18     // 添加子控制器19     // 首頁20     HVWHomeViewController *homeVC = [[HVWHomeViewController alloc] init];21     [self addChildViewController:homeVC WithTitle:@"首頁" image:@"tabbar_home" seletectedImage:@"tabbar_home_selected"];22    23     // 消息24     HVWMessageViewController *messageVC = [[HVWMessageViewController alloc] init];25     [self addChildViewController:messageVC WithTitle:@"消息" image:@"tabbar_message_center" seletectedImage:@"tabbar_message_center_selected"];26    27     // 發現28     HVWDiscoverViewController *discoverVC = [[HVWDiscoverViewController alloc] init];29     [self addChildViewController:discoverVC WithTitle:@"發現" image:@"tabbar_discover" seletectedImage:@"tabbar_discover_selected"];30    31     // 我32     HVWProfileViewController *profileVC = [[HVWProfileViewController alloc] init];33     [self addChildViewController:profileVC WithTitle:@"我" image:@"tabbar_profile" seletectedImage:@"tabbar_profile_selected"];34    35 }36 37 /** 添加tab子控制器 */38 - (void) addChildViewController:(UIViewController *) viewController WithTitle:(NSString *) title image:(NSString *) imageName seletectedImage:(NSString *) selectedImageName {39    40     // 設置隨機背景色41     viewController.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 green:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0  blue:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0  alpha:1.0];42    43     // 設置標題44     viewController.title = title;45     // 設置圖標46     viewController.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageWithNamed:imageName];47    48     // 被選中時圖標49     UIImage *selectedImage = [UIImage imageWithNamed:selectedImageName];50     // 如果是iOS7，不要渲染被選中的tab圖標（iOS7中會自動渲染成為藍色）51     if (iOS7) {52         selectedImage = [selectedImage imageWithRenderingMode:UIImageRenderingModeAlwaysOriginal];53     }54     viewController.tabBarItem.selectedImage = selectedImage;55    56     // 添加子控制器57     [self addChildViewController:viewController];58 }59  60 @end

D.添加導航控制器

1.只是在每個tab的controller上包裝了一個UINavigationController

HVWTabBarViewController.m:

 1 /** 添加tab子控制器 */ 2 - (void) addChildViewController:(UIViewController *) viewController WithTitle:(NSString *) title image:(NSString *) imageName seletectedImage:(NSString *) selectedImageName { 3     4     // 設置隨機背景色 5     viewController.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 green:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0  blue:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0  alpha:1.0]; 6     7     // 設置標題，直接設置title可以同時設置tabBarItem和navigationItem的title 8 //    viewController.tabBarItem.title = title; 9 //    viewController.navigationItem.title = title;10     viewController.title = title;11    12     // 設置圖標13     viewController.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageWithNamed:imageName];14    15     // 被選中時圖標16     UIImage *selectedImage = [UIImage imageWithNamed:selectedImageName];17     // 如果是iOS7，不要渲染被選中的tab圖標（iOS7中會自動渲染成為藍色）18     if (iOS7) {19         selectedImage = [selectedImage imageWithRenderingMode:UIImageRenderingModeAlwaysOriginal];20     }21     viewController.tabBarItem.selectedImage = selectedImage;22    23     // 添加子控制器24     UINavigationController *nav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:viewController];25     [self addChildViewController:nav];26 }

2.進入非NavigationController的rootViewController的時候，隱藏底部的TabBar

自定義一個集成UINavigationController的類，代替原來的原生類

重寫pushViewController方法，當push的時候隱藏TabBar

#mark：此方法可以作用與所有的非rootViewController，非常好用

HVWNavigationViewController.m:

 1 #import "HVWNavigationViewController.h" 2  3 @interface HVWNavigationViewController () 4  5 @end 6  7 @implementation HVWNavigationViewController 8  9 - (void)viewDidLoad {10     [super viewDidLoad];11     // Do any additional setup after loading the view.12 }13 14 - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {15     [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];16     // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.17 }18 19 /** 重寫push方法 */20 - (void)pushViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController animated:(BOOL)animated {21     // 如果不是根控制器，隱藏TabBar22     if (self.viewControllers.count > 0) {23         // 注意這里不是self（navigationController），是push出來的ViewContoller隱藏TabBar24         viewController.hidesBottomBarWhenPushed = YES;25     }26    27     // 最后一定要調用父類的方法28     [super pushViewController:viewController animated:animated];29 }30 31 @end

E.添加導航欄按鈕

需要給各個Tab還有其下的頁面添加導航欄按鈕

1.在pch文件添加一個隨機顏色宏定義和一個debug模式下的log函數

 1 //  HVWWeibo-Prefix.pch 2 #ifndef HVWWeibo_HVWWeibo_Prefix_pch 3 #define HVWWeibo_HVWWeibo_Prefix_pch 4  5 // Include any system framework and library headers here that should be included in all compilation units. 6 // You will also need to set the Prefix Header build setting of one or more of your targets to reference this file. 7  8 #ifdef __OBJC__ 9     #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>10     #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>11     #import "UIImage+Extension.h"12 #endif13 14 // 測試用log15 #ifdef DEBUG16     #define HVWLog(...) NSLog(__VA_ARGS__)17 #else18     #define HVWLog(...)19 #endif20 21 // 判別是否iOS7或以上版本系統22 #define iOS7 ([UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.doubleValue >= 7.0)23 24 // 隨機顏色25 #define RandomColor [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 green:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0  blue:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0  alpha:1.0]26 27 28 #endif

使用宏定義的log函數，只有在debug模式下才會轉化成為NSLog，release的時候會轉為空

1 /** 尋找朋友按鈕事件 */2 - (void) searchFriend {3     HVWLog(@"searchFriend");4 }

這里可以修改運行模式：

2.創建一個集成UIBarButtonItem的分類，用來創建使用UIButton作為按鈕圖標的item

 1 // 2 //  UIBarButtonItem+Extension.m 3 //  HVWWeibo 4 // 5 //  Created by hellovoidworld on 15/1/31. 6 //  Copyright (c) 2015年 hellovoidworld. All rights reserved. 7 // 8  9 #import "UIBarButtonItem+Extension.h"10 11 @implementation UIBarButtonItem (Extension)12 13 + (instancetype) itemWithImage:(NSString *) imageName hightlightedImage:(NSString *) highlightedImageName target:(id)target selector:(SEL)selector {14      UIBarButtonItem *item = [[self alloc] init];15    16     // 創建按鈕17     UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];18     UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:imageName];19     [button setImage:image forState:UIControlStateNormal];20     [button setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:highlightedImageName] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];21    22     // 一定要設置frame，才能顯示23     button.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, image.size.width, image.size.height);24    25     // 設置事件26     [button addTarget:target action:selector forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];27    28     item.customView = button;29     return item;30 }31 32 @end

3.sample：在“首頁”頁面加上導航欄按鈕

 1 //  HVWHomeViewController.m 2 - (void)viewDidLoad { 3     [super viewDidLoad]; 4     5     // 添加導航控制器按鈕 6     // 左邊按鈕 7     self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [HVWBarButtonItem itemWithImage:@"navigationbar_friendsearch" hightlightedImage:@"navigationbar_friendsearch_highlighted" target:self selector:@selector(searchFriend)]; 8     9     // 右邊按鈕10     self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [HVWBarButtonItem itemWithImage:@"navigationbar_pop" hightlightedImage:@"navigationbar_pop_highlighted" target:self selector:@selector(pop)];11 }12  13 /** 左邊導航欄按鈕事件 */14 - (void) searchFriend {15     HVWLog(@"searchFriend");16 }17 18 /** 右邊導航欄按鈕事件 */19 - (void) pop {20     HVWLog(@"pop");21 }

4.給所有非rootViewController加上“返回”按鈕和“直接回到rootViewController”按鈕

在HVWNavigationViewController的push方法中實現

#mark：由于是在NavigationController中實現，可以一舉實現在所有非rootViewController中的效果。

 1 //  HVWNavigationViewController.m 2 /** 重寫push方法 */ 3 - (void)pushViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController animated:(BOOL)animated { 4     // 如果不是根控制器，隱藏TabBar 5     if (self.viewControllers.count > 0) { 6         // 注意這里不是self（navigationController），是push出來的ViewContoller隱藏TabBar 7         viewController.hidesBottomBarWhenPushed = YES; 8         9         // 加上“返回上一層”按鈕和“直接回到根控制器”按鈕10         viewController.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [UIBarButtonItem itemWithImage:@"navigationbar_back" hightlightedImage:@"navigationbar_back_highlighted" target:self selector:@selector(back)];11        12         viewController.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [UIBarButtonItem itemWithImage:@"navigationbar_more" hightlightedImage:@"navigationbar_more_highlighted" target:self selector:@selector(more)];13     }14    15     // 最后一定要調用父類的方法16     [super pushViewController:viewController animated:animated];17 }18 19 /** 返回上一層 */20 - (void) back {21     [self popViewControllerAnimated:YES];22 }23 24 /** 返回根控制器 */25 - (void) more {26     [self popToRootViewControllerAnimated:YES];27 }