C#總結項目《影院售票系統》編寫總結一

2019-11-14 15:44:33

字體：大中小

來源：轉載

供稿：網友

　　C#學習經歷從基本語法結構到窗體再到面向對象終于走完了.NET初級程序員的道路，做為品德優良好學生更不能落下課程的總結項目-某某鳥《影院售票系統》。用了大概一天半的時間做完這個練手項目，先上效果截圖一張

抽出時間做些這個對目前的我來說算不小的項目。

用到的知識點有：面向對象思想、TreeView、xml讀取、File文件流、泛型集合，這里面對我來說難度最大的是面向對象與泛型集合的結合，看來學習一門編程語言的難點還是在設計思想上。

　　再來介紹一下項目需求：在影片列表中選擇某個時段的一場電影，單擊座位選擇一個種類的電影票，并創建電影，計算價格并打印影票信息，然后該座位被置為紅色表示已經售出。

影院每天更新放映列表，系統支持實時查看，包括電影放映場次時間、電影概況。

影院提供三類影票：普通票、贈票和學生票（贈票免費；學生票有折扣）

允許用戶查看某場次座位的售出情況

支持購票，并允許用戶選座

用戶可以選擇場次、影票類型及空閑座位進行購票，并打印電影票

系統可以保存銷售情況，并允許對其進行恢復

二.問題分析

1.系統開發步驟

(1)明確需求

(2)設計類

(3)創建項目

(4)確定編碼順序

1.主窗體

2.查看新放映列表

3.查看電影介紹

4.查看影票票價

5.查看放映廳座位

6.購票和打印電影票

7.繼續購票

(5)測試

三、類的設計

1.Seat：保存影院的座位信息，主要屬性如下

座位號（SeatNum）：string類型

座位賣出狀態顏色（Color）：System.Drawing.Color類型

2.Movie：電影類

電影名（MovieName）：string類型

海報圖片路徑（Poster）：string類型

導演名（Director）：string類型

主演（Actor）：string類型

電影類型（MovieType）：MovieType自定義枚舉類型

定價（PRice）：int類型

3.Ticket：電影票父類，保存電影票信息

放映場次（ScheduleItem）：ScheduleItem自定義類

所屬座位對象（Seat）：Seat自定義類型

票價（Price）：int類型

計算票價的虛方法CalcPrice()

打印售票信息的虛方法Print()

顯示當前售出票信息的虛方法Show()

4.StudentTicket：學生票子類，繼承父類Ticket

學生票的折扣（Discount）：int類型

重寫父類計算票價CalcPrice

重寫父類打印售票信息的Print()

重寫父類顯示當前出票信息的Show()方法

5.FreeTicket：贈票子類，繼承父類Ticket

獲得贈票者的名字屬性（CustomerName）：string類型

重寫父類計算票價CalcPrice()

重寫父類打印售票信息Print()

重寫父類顯示當前出票信息Show()

6.ScheduleItem：影院每天計劃放映計劃的場次，保存每場電影的信息

放映時間屬性（Time）：string類型

本場所放映電影屬性（Movie）：Movie自定義類型

7.Schedule：放映計劃類

放映場次屬性（Items）：自定義泛型集合Dictionary<string,ScheduleItem>

讀取XML文件獲取放映計劃集合的LoadItems()方法

8.Cinema：影院類，保存放映計劃和座位類

座位集合屬性（Seat）：自定義泛型集合Dictionary<string,Seat>

放映計劃Schedule：Schedule自定義類型

已售出電影票的集合（SoldTicket）：自定義泛型集合List<Ticket>

保存和讀取售票情況的Save()和Load()方法

獻上這9個類的代碼，根據依賴編寫類的順序，不能完全按照上面順序

 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Threading.Tasks; 6 using System.Drawing; 7  8 namespace 影院售票系統 9 {10     /// <summary>11     /// 保存影院的座位信息12     /// </summary>13     public class Seat14     {15         public Seat() { }16         public Seat(string seatNum,Color color) 17         {18             this.SeatNum = seatNum;19             this.Color = color;20         }21         private string _seatNum;22         /// <summary>23         /// 座位號24         /// </summary>25         public string SeatNum26         {27             get { return _seatNum; }28             set { _seatNum = value; }29         }30         private Color _color;31         /// <summary>32         /// 座位賣出狀態顏色33         /// </summary>34         public Color Color35         {36             get { return _color; }37             set { _color = value; }38         }39     }40 }

Seat

 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Threading.Tasks; 6  7 namespace 影院售票系統 8 { 9     /// <summary>10     /// 電影類11     /// </summary>12     public class Movie13     {14         private string _movieName;15         /// <summary>16         /// 電影名17         /// </summary>18         public string MovieName19         {20             get { return _movieName; }21             set { _movieName = value; }22         }23         private string _poster;24         /// <summary>25         /// 海報圖片名26         /// </summary>27         public string Poster28         {29             get { return _poster; }30             set { _poster = value; }31         }32         private string _director;33         /// <summary>34         /// 導演名35         /// </summary>36         public string Director37         {38             get { return _director; }39             set { _director = value; }40         }41         private string _actor;42         /// <summary>43         /// 主演44         /// </summary>45         public string Actor46         {47             get { return _actor; }48             set { _actor = value; }49         }50         51         private int _price;52         /// <summary>53         /// 定價54         /// </summary>55         public int Price56         {57             get { return _price; }58             set { _price = value; }59         }60         /// <summary>61         /// 電影類型62         /// </summary>63         public MovieType MovieType { get; set; }64     }65     /// <summary>66     /// 電影類型，1喜劇2戰爭3愛情67     /// </summary>68     public enum MovieType69     {70         /// <summary>71         /// 動作片72         /// </summary>73         Action = 0,74         /// <summary>75         /// 戰爭片76         /// </summary>77         War = 1,78         /// <summary>79         /// 愛情片80         /// </summary>81         Comedy = 282     }83 }

Movie

 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Threading.Tasks; 6 using System.Windows.Forms; 7 using System.IO; 8  9 namespace 影院售票系統10 {11     /// <summary>12     /// 電影票父類13     /// </summary>14     public class Ticket15     {16         public Ticket() { }17         public Ticket(ScheduleItem sch,Seat seat) 18         {19             this.ScheduItem = sch;20             this.Seat = seat;21         }22         private Seat _seat = new Seat();23         /// <summary>24         /// 所屬座位25         /// </summary>26         public Seat Seat27         {28             get { return _seat; }29             set { _seat = value; }30         }31         32         private int _price;33         /// <summary>34         /// 票價35         /// </summary>36         public int Price37         {38             get { return _price; }39             set { _price = value; }40         }41         /// <summary>42         /// 放映場次43         /// </summary>44         public ScheduleItem ScheduItem { get; set; }45         /// <summary>46         /// 計算票價47         /// </summary>48         public virtual void CalcPrice()49         {50             this.Price = ScheduItem.Movie.Price;51         }52         /// <summary>53         /// 打印售票信息54         /// </summary>55         public virtual void Print()56         {57             string info = string.Format("************************************************/n/t青鳥影院/n------------------------------------------------/n電影名：/t{0}/n時間：/t{1}/n座位號：/t{2}/n價格：/t{3}/n************************************************", this.ScheduItem.Movie.MovieName, this.ScheduItem.Time, this.Seat.SeatNum, this.Price);58             MessageBox.Show(info);59             //存到文件中60             string fileName = this.ScheduItem.Time.Replace(":", "-")+" "+this.Seat.SeatNum+".txt";61             FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName,FileMode.Create);62             StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);63             sw.Write(info);64             sw.Close();65             fs.Close();66         }67         /// <summary>68         /// 顯示當前售票信息69         /// </summary>70         public virtual void Show()71         {72             string info = string.Format("已售出！/n普通票！");73             MessageBox.Show(info);74         }75     }76 }

Ticket

 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Threading.Tasks; 6 using System.Windows.Forms; 7 using System.IO; 8 namespace 影院售票系統 9 {10     /// <summary>11     /// 學生票12     /// </summary>13     public class StudentTicket : Ticket14     {15         public StudentTicket() { }16         public StudentTicket(ScheduleItem sch, Seat seat, int discount)17             : base(sch, seat)18         {19             this.Discount = discount;20         }21         private int _discount;22         /// <summary>23         /// 學生票的折扣24         /// </summary>25         public int Discount26         {27             get { return _discount; }28             set { _discount = value; }29         }30         /// <summary>31         /// 計算學生票價32         /// </summary>33         public override void CalcPrice()34         {35             this.Price =this.ScheduItem.Movie.Price* Discount / 10;36         }37         /// <summary>38         /// 打印學生票的售票信息39         /// </summary>40         public override void Print()41         {42             string info = string.Format("************************************************/n/t青鳥影院（學生）/n------------------------------------------------/n電影名：/t{0}/n時間：/t{1}/n座位號：/t{2}/n價格：/t{3}/n************************************************", this.ScheduItem.Movie.MovieName, this.ScheduItem.Time, this.Seat.SeatNum, this.Price);43             MessageBox.Show(info);44             //存到文件中45             string fileName = this.ScheduItem.Time.Replace(":", "-") + " " + this.Seat.SeatNum + ".txt";46             FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);47             StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);48             sw.Write(info);49             sw.Close();50             fs.Close();51         }52         /// <summary>53         /// 顯示當前售出票信息54         /// </summary>55         public override void Show()56         {57             string info = string.Format("已售出！/n{0}折學生票！",this.Discount);58             MessageBox.Show(info);59         }60     }61 }

StudentTicket

 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Threading.Tasks; 6 using System.Windows.Forms; 7 using System.IO; 8  9 namespace 影院售票系統10 {11     /// <summary>12     /// 贈票13     /// </summary>14     public class FreeTicket:Ticket15     {16         public FreeTicket() { }17         public FreeTicket(ScheduleItem sch,Seat seat,string name) 18         {19             this.Seat = seat;20             this.CustomerName = name;21             this.ScheduItem = sch;22         }23         private string _customerName;24         /// <summary>25         /// 獲得贈票者的名字26         /// </summary>27         public string CustomerName28         {29             get { return _customerName; }30             set { _customerName = value; }31         }32         /// <summary>33         /// 計算票價34         /// </summary>35         public override void CalcPrice()36         {37             this.Price = 0;38         }39         /// <summary>40         /// 打印售票信息41         /// </summary>42         public override void Print()43         {44             string info = string.Format("************************************************/n/t青鳥影院（贈票）/n------------------------------------------------/n電影名：/t{0}/n時間：/t{1}/n座位號：/t{2}/n姓名：/t{3}/n************************************************", this.ScheduItem.Movie.MovieName, this.ScheduItem.Time, this.Seat.SeatNum, this.CustomerName);45             MessageBox.Show(info);46             //存到文件中47             string fileName = this.ScheduItem.Time.Replace(":", "-") + " " + this.Seat.SeatNum + ".txt";48             FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);49             StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);50             sw.Write(info);51             sw.Close();52             fs.Close();53         }54         /// <summary>55         /// 顯示當前售出票信息56         /// </summary>57         public override void Show()58         {59             MessageBox.Show("已售出！/n贈票！");60         }61     }62 }

FreeTicket

 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Threading.Tasks; 6  7 namespace 影院售票系統 8 { 9     /// <summary>10     /// 影院每天計劃放映的場次，保存每場電影的信息11     /// </summary>12     public class ScheduleItem13     {14         private string _time;15         /// <summary>16         /// 放映時間17         /// </summary>18         public string Time19         {20             get { return _time; }21             set { _time = value; }22         }23         private Movie _movie = new Movie();24 25         /// <summary>26         /// 本場放映的電影27         /// </summary>28         public Movie Movie29         {30             get { return _movie; }31             set { _movie = value; }32         }33         private List<Ticket> _soldTickets=new List<Ticket>();34 35         private Dictionary<string, Seat> _seats=new Dictionary<string,Seat>();36         /// <summary>37         /// 本場次的座位狀態38         /// </summary>39         public Dictionary<string, Seat> Seats40         {41             get { return _seats; }42             set { _seats = value; }43         }44     }45 }

ScheduleItem

 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Threading.Tasks; 6 using System.Xml; 7  8 namespace 影院售票系統 9 {10     /// <summary>11     /// 放映計劃類，保存影院當天的放映計劃集合12     /// </summary>13     public class Schedule14     {15         /// <summary>16         /// 放映場次17         /// </summary>18         public Dictionary<string, ScheduleItem> Items = new Dictionary<string, ScheduleItem>();19         /// <summary>20         /// 讀取XML文件獲取放映計劃集合21         /// </summary>22         public void LoadItems()23         {24             Items.Clear();25             XmlDocument xml = new XmlDocument();26             xml.Load("ShowList.xml");27             XmlElement root = xml.DocumentElement;28             foreach (XmlNode item in root.ChildNodes)29             {30                 Movie movie = new Movie();31                 movie.MovieName = item["Name"].InnerText;32                 movie.Poster = item["Poster"].InnerText;33                 movie.Director = item["Director"].InnerText;34                 movie.Actor = item["Actor"].InnerText;35                 switch (item["Type"].InnerText)36                 {37                     case "Action":38                         movie.MovieType = MovieType.Action;39                         break;40                     case "War":41                         movie.MovieType = MovieType.War;42                         break;43                     case "Comedy":44                         movie.MovieType = MovieType.Comedy;45                         break;46                 }47                 movie.Price = Convert.ToInt32(item["Price"].InnerText);48                 if (item["Schedule"].HasChildNodes)49                 {50                     foreach (XmlNode item2 in item["Schedule"].ChildNodes)51                     {52                         ScheduleItem schItem = new ScheduleItem();53                         schItem.Time = item2.InnerText;54                         schItem.Movie = movie;55                         Items.Add(schItem.Time, schItem);56                     }57                 }58 59             }60 61 62         }63     }64 }

Schedule

 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Threading.Tasks; 6  7 namespace 影院售票系統 8 { 9     /// <summary>10     /// 影院類11     /// </summary>12     public class Cinema13     {14         private Dictionary<string, Seat> _seats = new Dictionary<string, Seat>();15         /// <summary>16         /// 座位集合17         /// </summary>18         public Dictionary<string, Seat> Seats19         {20             get { return _seats; }21             set { _seats = value; }22         }23         private Schedule _schedule = new Schedule();24         /// <summary>25         /// 放映計劃26         /// </summary>27         public Schedule Schedule28         {29             get { return _schedule; }30             set { _schedule = value; }31         }32         private List<Ticket> _soldTickets=new List<Ticket>();33         /// <summary>34         /// 已經售出的票35         /// </summary>36         public List<Ticket> SoldTickets37         {38             get { return _soldTickets; }39             set { _soldTickets = value; }40         }41         /// <summary>42         /// 保存售票信息到文件中43         /// </summary>44         public void Save() 45         {46             //Save和Load的代碼在窗體的代碼實現了47         }48         /// <summary>49         /// 從文件中讀取售票信息50         /// </summary>51         public void Load() { }52     }53 }

Cinema

 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Threading.Tasks; 6  7 namespace 影院售票系統 8 { 9     /// <summary>10     /// 工具類11     /// </summary>12     public class TicketUtil13     {14         /// <summary>15         /// 創建電影票16         /// </summary>17         /// <returns></returns>18         public static Ticket CreateTicket(ScheduleItem sch,Seat seat,int discount,string customerName,string type)19         {20             Ticket ticket=null;21             switch (type)22             {23                 case "StudentTicket":24                     ticket = new StudentTicket(sch,seat,discount);25                     break;26                 case "FreeTicket":27                     ticket = new FreeTicket(sch,seat,customerName);28                     break;29                 default:30                     ticket = new Ticket(sch,seat);31                     break;32             }33             return ticket;34         }35     }36 }