使特定網段用戶能自由上傳下載的方法總結_Ftp服務器教程

2024-09-09 20:58:16

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在FC3上用vsftp實FTP服務。由于一些網段的用戶為內部成員，不會對服務器造成危害。為了減少麻煩，更好地實現資源共享，現在想給他們的網段（本例中以10.0.1.*為例）的用戶以自由上傳下載的權利。

涉及的配置文件一共有四個：

vsftpd.conf

hosts.allow

/etc/vsftpd/local.class

/etc/vsftpd/other.class

內容：

hosts.allow

[code:1:14158339dc]#

# hosts.allow This file describes the names of the hosts which are

# allowed to use the local INET services, as decided

# by the '/usr/sbin/tcpd' server.

vsftpd: 10.0.1.* : setenv VSFTPD_LOAD_CONF /etc/vsftpd/local.class

vsftpd: ALL : setenv VSFTPD_LOAD_CONF /etc/vsftpd/other.class[/code:1:14158339dc]

/etc/vsftpd/local.class

[code:1:14158339dc]write_enable=YES

anon_upload_enable=YES

anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES[/code:1:14158339dc]

/etc/vsftpd/other.class

[code:1:14158339dc]write_enable=NO

anon_upload_enable=NO

anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO[/code:1:14158339dc]

vsftpd.conf

[code:1:14158339dc]# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

#

# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file

# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.

# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.

#

# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.

# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's

# capabilities.

#

# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).

anonymous_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.

# 不允許本地用戶上傳下載,即只允許基于ip的認證

#local_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.

# 在ftpd中的local.class和other.class文件中有write_enable=YES項

#write_enable=YES

#

# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,

# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)

local_umask=022

#

# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only

# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will

# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.

#anon_upload_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create

# new directories.

#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

#

# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they

# go into a certain directory.

dirmessage_enable=YES

#

# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.

xferlog_enable=YES

#

# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).

connect_from_port_20=YES

#

# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by

# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not

# recommended!

#chown_uploads=YES

#chown_username=whoever

#

# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown

# below.

xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log

#

# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format

xferlog_std_format=YES

#

# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.

#idle_session_timeout=600

#

# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.

#data_connection_timeout=120

#

# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the

# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.

#nopriv_user=ftpsecure

#

# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not

# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,

# however, may confuse older FTP clients.

#async_abor_enable=YES

#

# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore

# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII

# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.

# Beware that turning on ascii_download_enable enables malicious remote parties

# to consume your I/O resources, by issuing the command "SIZE /big/file" in

# ASCII mode.

# These ASCII options are split into upload and download because you may wish

# to enable ASCII uploads (to prevent uploaded scripts etc. from breaking),

# without the DoS risk of SIZE and ASCII downloads. ASCII mangling should be

# on the client anyway..

#ascii_upload_enable=YES

#ascii_download_enable=YES

#

# You may fully customise the login banner string:

#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.

#

# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently

# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.

#deny_email_enable=YES

# (default follows)

#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails

#

# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home

# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of

# users to NOT chroot().

#chroot_list_enable=YES

# (default follows)

#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list

#

# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by

# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large

# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume

# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.

#ls_recurse_enable=YES

Anon_umask=022

pam_service_name=vsftpd

userlist_enable=YES

#下面一行是我加的

userlist_deny=YES

#enable for standalone mode

listen=YES

tcp_wrappers=YES[/code:1:14158339dc]

說明一下：

首先設置vsftpd.conf中tcp_wrappers=YES（一般的默認設置都是YES）。

當有用戶訪問時，則會自動查看hosts.allow的配置，而在根據hosts.allow中的語句，

系統會根據客戶的IP跳轉到不同的文件去，按照那里的設置工作。

在/etc/vsftpd/local.class中設置10.0.1.*網段的用戶可以自由上傳下載。

在/etc/vsftpd/other.class中設置其他用戶只有下載的權限。

就是這么簡單。不過有一點必須說明：那就是目錄和文件的權限問題。

首先，設置你想讓匿名用戶上傳的目錄的可寫權限

再一個在

vsftpd.conf中要加上

anon_umask=022

這一行是給匿名用戶上傳的文件添加可讀的權限。你可以測試一下，匿名用戶上傳的文件的權限是600，即上傳上去了卻沒有可讀權限,下載不了！

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