我們知道php提供了6個迭代器接口了,那么這6個接口怎么樣呢?有沒有朋友都了解?如果各位朋友不知道的可以和小編一起來看看.
PHP預定義了6個接口介紹如下:
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Traversable 遍歷接口(檢測一個類是否可以使用0 2foreach 0?2進行遍歷的接口)
Iterator 迭代器接口(可在內部迭代自己的外部迭代器或類的接口)
IteratorAggregate 聚合式迭代器接口(創建外部迭代器的接口)
OuterIterator 迭代器嵌套接口(將一個或多個迭代器包裹在另一個迭代器中)
RecursiveIterator 遞歸迭代訪問接口(提供遞歸訪問功能)
SeekableIterator 可索引迭代訪問接口(實現查找功能)
1.Traversable遍歷接口
呵呵,其實它不是一個在PHP中可以使用的接口,內部類才可使用,它有一個用途就是檢測一個類是否可以遍歷.
- if($class instanceof Traversable) {
- //foreach
- }
2.Iterator迭代器接口,接口摘要:
- Iterator extends Traversable
- {
- //返回當前索引游標指向的元素
- abstract public mixed current(void)
- //返回當前索引游標指向的元素的鍵名
- abstract public scalar key(void)
- //移動當前索引游標指向下一元素
- abstract public void next(void)
- //重置索引游標的指向第一個元素
- abstract public void rewind(void)
- //判斷當前索引游標指向的是否是一個元素,常常在調用 rewind()或 next()使用
- abstract public boolean valid(void)
- }
以上可以讓一個類實現一個基本的迭代功能,如下可以看到迭代的調用順序:
- class myIterator implements Iterator {
- private $position = 0 ;
- private $array = array(
- "firstelement" ,
- "secondelement" ,
- "lastelement" ,
- );
- public function __construct () {
- $this -> position = 0 ;
- }
- function rewind () {
- var_dump ( __METHOD__ );
- $this -> position = 0 ;
- }
- function current () {
- var_dump ( __METHOD__ );
- return $this -> array [ $this -> position ];
- }
- function key () {
- var_dump ( __METHOD__ );
- return $this -> position ;
- }
- function next () {
- var_dump ( __METHOD__ );
- ++ $this -> position ;
- }
- function valid () {
- var_dump ( __METHOD__ );
- return isset( $this -> array [ $this -> position ]);
- } //開源軟件:Vevb.com
- }
- $it = new myIterator ;
- foreach( $it as $key => $value ) {
- var_dump ( $key , $value );
- echo "\n" ;
- }
3.IteratorAggregate聚合式迭代器接口,接口摘要:
- IteratorAggregate extends Traversable {
- //獲取外部迭代器
- abstract public Traversable getIterator ( void )
- }
getIterator是一個Iterator或Traversable接口的類的一個實例,如下獲取外部迭代器實現迭代訪問.
- class myData implements IteratorAggregate {
- public $property1 = "Public property one" ;
- public $property2 = "Public property two" ;
- public $property3 = "Public property three" ;
- public function __construct () {
- $this -> property4 = "last property" ;
- }
- public function getIterator () {
- return new ArrayIterator ( $this );
- }
- }
- $obj = new myData ;
- foreach( $obj as $key => $value ) {
- var_dump ( $key , $value );
- echo "\n" ;
- }
4.ArrayAccess數組式訪問接口,接口摘要:
- ArrayAccess {
- /* 方法 */
- abstract public boolean offsetExists ( mixed $offset ) //檢查偏移位置是否存在
- abstract public mixed offsetGet ( mixed $offset ) //獲取一個偏移位置的值
- abstract public void offsetSet ( mixed $offset , mixed $value ) //設置一個偏移位置的值
- abstract public void offsetUnset ( mixed $offset ) //復位一個偏移位置的值
- }
如下可像訪問數組一樣訪問對象:
- class obj implements arrayaccess {
- private $container = array();
- public function __construct () {
- $this -> container = array(
- "one" => 1 ,
- "two" => 2 ,
- "three" => 3 ,
- );
- }
- public function offsetSet ( $offset , $value ) {
- if ( is_null ( $offset )) {
- $this -> container [] = $value ;
- } else {
- $this -> container [ $offset ] = $value ;
- }
- }
- public function offsetExists ( $offset ) {
- return isset( $this -> container [ $offset ]);
- }
- public function offsetUnset ( $offset ) {
- unset( $this -> container [ $offset ]);
- }
- public function offsetGet ( $offset ) {
- return isset( $this -> container [ $offset ]) ? $this -> container [ $offset ] : null ;
- }
- }
- $obj = new obj ;
- var_dump (isset( $obj [ "two" ]));
- var_dump ( $obj [ "two" ]);
- unset( $obj [ "two" ]);
- var_dump (isset( $obj [ "two" ]));
- $obj [ "two" ] = "A value" ;
- var_dump ( $obj [ "two" ]);
- $obj [] = 'Append 1' ;
- $obj [] = 'Append 2' ;
- $obj [] = 'Append 3' ;
- print_r ( $obj );
5.Serializable序列化接口,接口摘要:
- Serializable {
- /* 方法 */
- abstract public string serialize ( void ) //對象的字符串表示
- abstract public mixed unserialize ( string $serialized ) // 構造對象
- }
實現該接口的類不再支持__sleep()和__wakeup(),使用很簡單,只要序列化對象時serialize方法會被調用,當反序列化時,unserialize方法被調用.
- class obj implements Serializable {
- private $data ;
- public function __construct () {
- $this -> data = "My private data" ;
- }
- public function serialize () {
- return serialize ( $this -> data );
- }
- public function unserialize ( $data ) {
- $this -> data = unserialize ( $data );
- }
- public function getData () {
- return $this -> data ;
- }
- }
- $obj = new obj ;
- $ser = serialize ( $obj );
- print_r($ser);
- $newobj = unserialize ( $ser );
- print_r($newobj);
6.Closure,接口摘要:
- Closure {
- /* 方法 */
- __construct ( void ) //用于禁止實例化的構造函數
- public static Closure bind ( Closure $closure , object $newthis [, mixed $newscope = 'static' ] ) //復制一個閉包,綁定指定的$this對象和類作用域。
- public Closure bindTo ( object $newthis [, mixed $newscope = 'static' ] ) //復制當前閉包對象,綁定指定的$this對象和類作用域。
- }
- class A {
- private static $sfoo = 1 ;
- private $ifoo = 2 ;
- }
- $cl1 = static function() {
- return A :: $sfoo ;
- };
- $cl2 = function() {
- return $this -> ifoo ;
- };
- $bcl1 = Closure :: bind ( $cl1 , null , 'A' );
- $bcl2 = Closure :: bind ( $cl2 , new A (), 'A' );
- echo $bcl1 (), "\n" ;
- echo $bcl2 (), "\n" ;
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