kvm虛擬化學習筆記(一)之kvm虛擬化環境安裝的步驟

2024-09-01 13:49:56

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平時一直玩RHEL/CentOS/OEL系列的操作，玩虛擬化也是采這一類系統,kvm在RHEL6系列操作系統支持比較好，本文采用采用OEL6.3操作系統，網上所有文章都說KVM比xen簡單，我怎么感覺kvm比較復雜，可能是它的工具太多了吧，所以決定開始記錄KVM的學習過程。

1.操作系統安裝

本文采用OEL6.3X64操作系統，也可以采用RHEL/CentOS6.x。

(1)修改內核模式為兼容內核啟動

kvm虛擬化安裝,kvm虛擬化技術,kvm虛擬化環境搭建

(2)關閉selinux，重啟后生效

kvm虛擬化安裝,kvm虛擬化技術,kvm虛擬化環境搭建

(3)關閉防火墻

chkconfig ip6tables offchkconfig iptables off

(4)重啟

# reboot

2.虛擬化環境配置

(1)查看是否支持虛擬機

說明1:半虛擬化是不能運行與安裝KVM虛擬機的。

#egrep '(vmx|svm)' --color=always /proc/cpuinfo

kvm虛擬化安裝,kvm虛擬化技術,kvm虛擬化環境搭建

(2)配置yum環境

OEL6.3已經配置好源，只需要開啟即可。

kvm虛擬化安裝,kvm虛擬化技術,kvm虛擬化環境搭建

(3)安裝kvm軟件包

#yum -y install kvm python-virtinst libvirt tunctl bridge-utils virt-manager qemu-kvm-tools virt-viewer virt-v2v

過程略。

補充安裝kvm虛擬化一些管理工具包

#yum -y install libguestfs-tools

Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, securitySetting up Install ProcessResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package libguestfs-tools.x86_64 1:1.16.34-2.el6 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: libguestfs-tools-c = 1:1.16.34-2.el6 for package: 1:libguestfs-tools-1.16.34-2.el6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(XML::Writer) for package: 1:libguestfs-tools-1.16.34-2.el6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/guestmount for package: 1:libguestfs-tools-1.16.34-2.el6.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package libguestfs-tools-c.x86_64 1:1.16.34-2.el6 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: libconfig.so.8()(64bit) for package: 1:libguestfs-tools-c-1.16.34-2.el6.x86_64---> Package perl-XML-Writer.noarch 0:0.606-6.el6 will be installed--> Running transaction check---> Package libconfig.x86_64 0:1.3.2-1.1.el6 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved=====================================================================================================================Package             Arch         Version            Repository        Size=====================================================================================================================Installing:libguestfs-tools         x86_64        1:1.16.34-2.el6        ol6_latest        94 kInstalling for dependencies:libconfig            x86_64        1.3.2-1.1.el6         ol6_latest        50 klibguestfs-tools-c        x86_64        1:1.16.34-2.el6        ol6_latest        850 kperl-XML-Writer         noarch        0.606-6.el6          ol6_latest        26 kTransaction Summary=====================================================================================================================Install    4 Package(s)Total download size: 1.0 MInstalled size: 3.6 MIs this ok [y/N]: yDownloading Packages:(1/4): libconfig-1.3.2-1.1.el6.x86_64.rpm                           | 50 kB   00:00(2/4): libguestfs-tools-1.16.34-2.el6.x86_64.rpm                       | 94 kB   00:00(3/4): libguestfs-tools-c-1.16.34-2.el6.x86_64.rpm                      | 850 kB   00:04(4/4): perl-XML-Writer-0.606-6.el6.noarch.rpm                         | 26 kB   00:00---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total                                        115 kB/s | 1.0 MB   00:08Running rpm_check_debugRunning Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning TransactionInstalling : libconfig-1.3.2-1.1.el6.x86_64                                  1/4Installing : 1:libguestfs-tools-c-1.16.34-2.el6.x86_64                             2/4Installing : perl-XML-Writer-0.606-6.el6.noarch                                3/4Installing : 1:libguestfs-tools-1.16.34-2.el6.x86_64                              4/4Verifying : perl-XML-Writer-0.606-6.el6.noarch                                1/4Verifying : libconfig-1.3.2-1.1.el6.x86_64                                  2/4Verifying : 1:libguestfs-tools-c-1.16.34-2.el6.x86_64                             3/4Verifying : 1:libguestfs-tools-1.16.34-2.el6.x86_64                              4/4Installed:libguestfs-tools.x86_64 1:1.16.34-2.el6Dependency Installed:libconfig.x86_64 0:1.3.2-1.1.el6 libguestfs-tools-c.x86_64 1:1.16.34-2.el6 perl-XML-Writer.noarch 0:0.606-6.el6Complete!

3.查看虛擬化環境

(1)查看虛擬機環境

kvm虛擬化安裝,kvm虛擬化技術,kvm虛擬化環境搭建

(2)查看kvm模塊支持

kvm虛擬化安裝,kvm虛擬化技術,kvm虛擬化環境搭建

(3)查看虛擬工具版本

kvm虛擬化安裝,kvm虛擬化技術,kvm虛擬化環境搭建

4.手動配置虛擬網橋

(1)關閉networkmanager服務

kvm虛擬化安裝,kvm虛擬化技術,kvm虛擬化環境搭建

(2)創建br0網橋

[root@node1~]#cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/[root@node1network-scripts]#cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-br0[root@node1network-scripts]#[root@node1network-scripts]#

[root@node1network-scripts]#vi ifcfg-eth0DEVICE="eth0"BOOTPROTO=staticNM_CONTROLLED="no"ONBOOT=yesTYPE="Ethernet"BRIDGE="br0"UUID="99dde4d3-94f1-4293-b8a8-b10255d5b8be"HWADDR=00:0C:29:47:41:8CIPADDR=192.168.233.130PREFIX=24GATEWAY=192.168.233.2DNS1=192.168.233.2DEFROUTE=yesIPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yesIPV6INIT=noNAME="Systemeth0"[root@node1network-scripts]#[root@node1network-scripts]#vi ifcfg-br0DEVICE="br0"BOOTPROTO=staticONBOOT=yesTYPE="Bridge"HWADDR=00:0C:29:47:41:8CIPADDR=192.168.233.130PREFIX=24GATEWAY=192.168.233.2DNS1=192.168.233.2

(3)關閉了networkmanager服務之后，才能通過servicenetworkrestart管理網絡。

kvm虛擬化安裝,kvm虛擬化技術,kvm虛擬化環境搭建