數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 關(guān)鍵字：
為了避免在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中使用系統(tǒng)保留關(guān)鍵字我們必須知道數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)存在哪些關(guān)鍵字，接下來(lái)會(huì)列出mysql、oracle、sqlserver三個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)各自的保留關(guān)鍵字。
Mysql
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/keywords.html
| ACCESSIBLE (R) | ACCOUNT[a] | ACTION |
| ADD (R) | AFTER | AGAINST |
| AGGREGATE | ALGORITHM | ALL (R) |
| ALTER (R) | ALWAYS[b] | ANALYSE |
| ANALYZE (R) | AND (R) | ANY |
| AS (R) | ASC (R) | ASCII |
| ASENSITIVE (R) | AT | AUTOEXTEND_SIZE |
| AUTO_INCREMENT | AVG | AVG_ROW_LENGTH |
| BACKUP | BEFORE (R) | BEGIN |
| BETWEEN (R) | BIGINT (R) | BINARY (R) |
| BINLOG | BIT | BLOB (R) |
| BLOCK | BOOL | BOOLEAN |
| BOTH (R) | BTREE | BY (R) |
| BYTE | CACHE | CALL (R) |
| CASCADE (R) | CASCADED | CASE (R) |
| CATALOG_NAME | CHAIN | CHANGE (R) |
| CHANGED | CHANNEL[c] | CHAR (R) |
| CHARACTER (R) | CHARSET | CHECK (R) |
| CHECKSUM | CIPHER | CLASS_ORIGIN |
| CLIENT | CLOSE | COALESCE |
| CODE | COLLATE (R) | COLLATION |
| COLUMN (R) | COLUMNS | COLUMN_FORMAT |
| COLUMN_NAME | COMMENT | COMMIT |
| COMMITTED | COMPACT | COMPLETION |
| COMPRESSED | COMPRESSION[d] | CONCURRENT |
| CONDITION (R) | CONNECTION | CONSISTENT |
| CONSTRAINT (R) | CONSTRAINT_CATALOG | CONSTRAINT_NAME |
| CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA | CONTAINS | CONTEXT |
| CONTINUE (R) | CONVERT (R) | CPU |
| CREATE (R) | CROSS (R) | CUBE |
| CURRENT | CURRENT_DATE (R) | CURRENT_TIME (R) |
| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (R) | CURRENT_USER (R) | CURSOR (R) |
| CURSOR_NAME | DATA | DATABASE (R) |
| DATABASES (R) | DATAFILE | DATE |
| DATETIME | DAY | DAY_HOUR (R) |
| DAY_MICROSECOND (R) | DAY_MINUTE (R) | DAY_SECOND (R) |
| DEALLOCATE | DEC (R) | DECIMAL (R) |
| DECLARE (R) | DEFAULT (R) | DEFAULT_AUTH |
| DEFINER | DELAYED (R) | DELAY_KEY_WRITE |
| DELETE (R) | DESC (R) | DESCRIBE (R) |
| DES_KEY_FILE | DETERMINISTIC (R) | DIAGNOSTICS |
| DIRECTORY | DISABLE | DISCARD |
| DISK | DISTINCT (R) | DISTINCTROW (R) |
| DIV (R) | DO | DOUBLE (R) |
| DROP (R) | DUAL (R) | DUMPFILE |
| DUPLICATE | DYNAMIC | EACH (R) |
| ELSE (R) | ELSEIF (R) | ENABLE |
| ENCLOSED (R) | ENCRYPTION[e] | END |
| ENDS | ENGINE | ENGINES |
| ENUM | ERROR | ERRORS |
| ESCAPE | ESCAPED (R) | EVENT |
| EVENTS | EVERY | EXCHANGE |
| EXECUTE | EXISTS (R) | EXIT (R) |
| EXPANSION | EXPIRE | EXPLAIN (R) |
| EXPORT | EXTENDED | EXTENT_SIZE |
| FALSE (R) | FAST | FAULTS |
| FETCH (R) | FIELDS | FILE |
| FILE_BLOCK_SIZE[f] | FILTER[g] | FIRST |
| FIXED | FLOAT (R) | FLOAT4 (R) |
| FLOAT8 (R) | FLUSH | FOLLOWS[h] |
| FOR (R) | FORCE (R) | FOREIGN (R) |
| FORMAT | FOUND | FROM (R) |
| FULL | FULLTEXT (R) | FUNCTION |
| GENERAL | GENERATED[i] (R) | GEOMETRY |
| GEOMETRYCOLLECTION | GET (R) | GET_FORMAT |
| GLOBAL | GRANT (R) | GRANTS |
| GROUP (R) | GROUP_REPLICATION[j] | HANDLER |
| HASH | HAVING (R) | HELP |
| HIGH_PRIORITY (R) | HOST | HOSTS |
| HOUR | HOUR_MICROSECOND (R) | HOUR_MINUTE (R) |
| HOUR_SECOND (R) | IDENTIFIED | IF (R) |
| IGNORE (R) | IGNORE_SERVER_IDS | IMPORT |
| IN (R) | INDEX (R) | INDEXES |
| INFILE (R) | INITIAL_SIZE | INNER (R) |
| INOUT (R) | INSENSITIVE (R) | INSERT (R) |
| INSERT_METHOD | INSTALL | INSTANCE[k] |
| INT (R) | INT1 (R) | INT2 (R) |
| INT3 (R) | INT4 (R) | INT8 (R) |
| INTEGER (R) | INTERVAL (R) | INTO (R) |
| INVOKER | IO | IO_AFTER_GTIDS (R) |
| IO_BEFORE_GTIDS (R) | IO_THREAD | IPC |
| IS (R) | ISOLATION | ISSUER |
| ITERATE (R) | JOIN (R) | JSON[l] |
| KEY (R) | KEYS (R) | KEY_BLOCK_SIZE |
| KILL (R) | LANGUAGE | LAST |
| LEADING (R) | LEAVE (R) | LEAVES |
| LEFT (R) | LESS | LEVEL |
| LIKE (R) | LIMIT (R) | LINEAR (R) |
| LINES (R) | LINESTRING | LIST |
| LOAD (R) | LOCAL | LOCALTIME (R) |
| LOCALTIMESTAMP (R) | LOCK (R) | LOCKS |
| LOGFILE | LOGS | LONG (R) |
| LONGBLOB (R) | LONGTEXT (R) | LOOP (R) |
| LOW_PRIORITY (R) | MASTER | MASTER_AUTO_POSITION |
| MASTER_BIND (R) | MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY | MASTER_DELAY |
| MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD | MASTER_HOST | MASTER_LOG_FILE |
| MASTER_LOG_POS | MASTER_PASSWORD | MASTER_PORT |
| MASTER_RETRY_COUNT | MASTER_SERVER_ID | MASTER_SSL |
| MASTER_SSL_CA | MASTER_SSL_CAPATH | MASTER_SSL_CERT |
| MASTER_SSL_CIPHER | MASTER_SSL_CRL | MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH |
| MASTER_SSL_KEY | MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT (R) | MASTER_TLS_VERSION[m] |
| MASTER_USER | MATCH (R) | MAXVALUE (R) |
| MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR | MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR | MAX_ROWS |
| MAX_SIZE | MAX_STATEMENT_TIME[n] | MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR |
| MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS | MEDIUM | MEDIUMBLOB (R) |
| MEDIUMINT (R) | MEDIUMTEXT (R) | MEMORY |
| MERGE | MESSAGE_TEXT | MICROSECOND |
| MIDDLEINT (R) | MIGRATE | MINUTE |
| MINUTE_MICROSECOND (R) | MINUTE_SECOND (R) | MIN_ROWS |
| MOD (R) | MODE | MODIFIES (R) |
| MODIFY | MONTH | MULTILINESTRING |
| MULTIPOINT | MULTIPOLYGON | MUTEX |
| MYSQL_ERRNO | NAME | NAMES |
| NATIONAL | NATURAL (R) | NCHAR |
| NDB | NDBCLUSTER | NEVER[o] |
| NEW | NEXT | NO |
| NODEGROUP | NONBLOCKING[p] | NONE |
| NOT (R) | NO_WAIT | NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG (R) |
| NULL (R) | NUMBER | NUMERIC (R) |
| NVARCHAR | OFFSET | OLD_PASSWORD[q] |
| ON (R) | ONE | ONLY |
| OPEN | OPTIMIZE (R) | OPTIMIZER_COSTS[r] (R) |
| OPTION (R) | OPTIONALLY (R) | OPTIONS |
| OR (R) | ORDER (R) | OUT (R) |
| OUTER (R) | OUTFILE (R) | OWNER |
| PACK_KEYS | PAGE | PARSER |
| PARSE_GCOL_EXPR[s] | PARTIAL | PARTITION (R) |
| PARTITIONING | PARTITIONS | PASSWORD |
| PHASE | PLUGIN | PLUGINS |
| PLUGIN_DIR | POINT | POLYGON |
| PORT | PRECEDES[t] | PRECISION (R) |
| PREPARE | PRESERVE | PREV |
| PRIMARY (R) | PRIVILEGES | PROCEDURE (R) |
| PROCESSLIST | PROFILE | PROFILES |
| PROXY | PURGE (R) | QUARTER |
| QUERY | QUICK | RANGE (R) |
| READ (R) | READS (R) | READ_ONLY |
| READ_WRITE (R) | REAL (R) | REBUILD |
| RECOVER | REDOFILE | REDO_BUFFER_SIZE |
| REDUNDANT | REFERENCES (R) | REGEXP (R) |
| RELAY | RELAYLOG | RELAY_LOG_FILE |
| RELAY_LOG_POS | RELAY_THREAD | RELEASE (R) |
| RELOAD | REMOVE | RENAME (R) |
| REORGANIZE | REPAIR | REPEAT (R) |
| REPEATABLE | REPLACE (R) | REPLICATE_DO_DB[u] |
| REPLICATE_DO_TABLE[v] | REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB[w] | REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE[x] |
| REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB[y] | REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE[z] | REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE[aa] |
| REPLICATION | REQUIRE (R) | RESET |
| RESIGNAL (R) | RESTORE | RESTRICT (R) |
| RESUME | RETURN (R) | RETURNED_SQLSTATE |
| RETURNS | REVERSE | REVOKE (R) |
| RIGHT (R) | RLIKE (R) | ROLLBACK |
| ROLLUP | ROTATE[ab] | ROUTINE |
| ROW | ROWS | ROW_COUNT |
| ROW_FORMAT | RTREE | SAVEPOINT |
| SCHEDULE | SCHEMA (R) | SCHEMAS (R) |
| SCHEMA_NAME | SECOND | SECOND_MICROSECOND (R) |
| SECURITY | SELECT (R) | SENSITIVE (R) |
| SEPARATOR (R) | SERIAL | SERIALIZABLE |
| SERVER | SESSION | SET (R) |
| SHARE | SHOW (R) | SHUTDOWN |
| SIGNAL (R) | SIGNED | SIMPLE |
| SLAVE | SLOW | SMALLINT (R) |
| SNAPSHOT | SOCKET | SOME |
| SONAME | SOUNDS | SOURCE |
| SPATIAL (R) | SPECIFIC (R) | SQL (R) |
| SQLEXCEPTION (R) | SQLSTATE (R) | SQLWARNING (R) |
| SQL_AFTER_GTIDS | SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS | SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS |
| SQL_BIG_RESULT (R) | SQL_BUFFER_RESULT | SQL_CACHE |
| SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS (R) | SQL_NO_CACHE | SQL_SMALL_RESULT (R) |
| SQL_THREAD | SQL_TSI_DAY | SQL_TSI_HOUR |
| SQL_TSI_MINUTE | SQL_TSI_MONTH | SQL_TSI_QUARTER |
| SQL_TSI_SECOND | SQL_TSI_WEEK | SQL_TSI_YEAR |
| SSL (R) | STACKED | START |
| STARTING (R) | STARTS | STATS_AUTO_RECALC |
| STATS_PERSISTENT | STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES | STATUS |
| STOP | STORAGE | STORED[ac] (R) |
| STRAIGHT_JOIN (R) | STRING | SUBCLASS_ORIGIN |
| SUBJECT | SUBPARTITION | SUBPARTITIONS |
| SUPER | SUSPEND | SWAPS |
| SWITCHES | TABLE (R) | TABLES |
| TABLESPACE | TABLE_CHECKSUM | TABLE_NAME |
| TEMPORARY | TEMPTABLE | TERMINATED (R) |
| TEXT | THAN | THEN (R) |
| TIME | TIMESTAMP | TIMESTAMPADD |
| TIMESTAMPDIFF | TINYBLOB (R) | TINYINT (R) |
| TINYTEXT (R) | TO (R) | TRAILING (R) |
| TRANSACTION | TRIGGER (R) | TRIGGERS |
| TRUE (R) | TRUNCATE | TYPE |
| TYPES | UNCOMMITTED | UNDEFINED |
| UNDO (R) | UNDOFILE | UNDO_BUFFER_SIZE |
| UNICODE | UNINSTALL | UNION (R) |
| UNIQUE (R) | UNKNOWN | UNLOCK (R) |
| UNSIGNED (R) | UNTIL | UPDATE (R) |
| UPGRADE | USAGE (R) | USE (R) |
| USER | USER_RESOURCES | USE_FRM |
| USING (R) | UTC_DATE (R) | UTC_TIME (R) |
| UTC_TIMESTAMP (R) | VALIDATION[ad] | VALUE |
| VALUES (R) | VARBINARY (R) | VARCHAR (R) |
| VARCHARACTER (R) | VARIABLES | VARYING (R) |
| VIEW | VIRTUAL[ae] (R) | WAIT |
| WARNINGS | WEEK | WEIGHT_STRING |
| WHEN (R) | WHERE (R) | WHILE (R) |
| WITH (R) | WITHOUT[af] | WORK |
| WRAPPER | WRITE (R) | X509 |
| XA | XID[ag] | XML |
| XOR (R) | YEAR | YEAR_MONTH (R) |
| ZEROFILL (R) |
Oracle
select * from v$reserved_words order by keyword asc
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SECTINTERVALINTOINVALIDATEINVISIBLEIN_MEMORY_METADATAIN_XQUERYISISOLATIONISOLATION_LEVELITERATEITERATION_NUMBERJAVAJOBJOINKKEEPKEEP_DUPLICATESKERBEROSKEYKEYSKEYSIZEKEY_LENGTHKILLLAGLASTLAST_DAYLAST_VALUELATERALLAYERLDAP_REGISTRATIONLDAP_REGISTRATION_ENABLEDLDAP_REG_SYNC_INTERVALLEADLEADINGLEASTLEFTLENGTHLENGTH2LENGTH4LENGTHBLENGTHCLESSLEVELLEVELSLIBRARYLIFELIFETIMELIKELIKE2LIKE4LIKECLIKE_EXPANDLIMITLINKLISTLISTAGGLNLNNVLLOBLOBNVLLOBSLOCALLOCALTIMELOCALTIMESTAMPLOCAL_INDEXESLOCATIONLOCATORLOCKLOCKEDLOGLOGFILELOGFILESLOGGINGLOGICALLOGICAL_READS_PER_CALLLOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSIONLOGOFFLOGONLONGLOWLOWERLPADLTRIMMMAINMAKE_REFMANAGEMANAGEDMANAGEMENTMANUALMAPPINGMASTERMATCHEDMATERIALIZEMATERIALIZEDMAXMAXARCHLOGSMAXDATAFILESMAXEXTENTSMAXIMIZEMAXINSTANCESMAXLOGFILESMAXLOGHISTORYMAXLOGMEMBERSMAXSIZEMAXTRANSMAXVALUEMEASUREMEASURESMEDIANMEDIUMMEMBERMEMORYMERGEMERGE$ACTIONSMERGE_AJMERGE_CONST_ONMERGE_SJMETHODMIGRATEMIGRATIONMINMINEXTENTSMINIMIZEMINIMUMMININGMINUSMINUS_NULLMINUTEMINVALUEMIRRORMIRRORCOLDMIRRORHOTMLSLABELMODMODEMODELMODEL_COMPILE_SUBQUERYMODEL_DONTVERIFY_UNIQUENESSMODEL_DYNAMIC_SUBQUERYMODEL_MIN_ANALYSISMODEL_NO_ANALYSISMODEL_PBYMODEL_PUSH_REFMODIFYMONITORMONITORINGMONTHMONTHS_BETWEENMOUNTMOUNTPATHMOVEMOVEMENTMULTISETMV_MERGENAMENAMEDNAMESPACENANNANVLNATIONALNATIVENATIVE_FULL_OUTER_JOINNATURALNAVNCHARNCHAR_CSNCHRNCLOBNEEDEDNESTEDNESTED_TABLE_FAST_INSERTNESTED_TABLE_GET_REFSNESTED_TABLE_IDNESTED_TABLE_SET_REFSNESTED_TABLE_SET_SETIDNETWORKNEVERNEWNEW_TIMENEXTNEXT_DAYNLJ_BATCHINGNLJ_INDEX_FILTERNLJ_INDEX_SCANNLJ_PREFETCHNLSSORTNLS_CALENDARNLS_CHARACTERSETNLS_CHARSET_DECL_LENNLS_CHARSET_IDNLS_CHARSET_NAMENLS_COMPNLS_CURRENCYNLS_DATE_FORMATNLS_DATE_LANGUAGENLS_INITCAPNLS_ISO_CURRENCYNLS_LANGNLS_LANGUAGENLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICSNLS_LOWERNLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCPNLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERSNLS_SORTNLS_SPECIAL_CHARSNLS_TERRITORYNLS_UPPERNL_AJNL_SJNONOAPPENDNOARCHIVELOGNOAUDITNOCACHENOCOMPRESSNOCPU_COSTINGNOCYCLENODELAYNOENTITYESCAPINGNOFORCENOGUARANTEENOLOCALNOLOGGINGNOMAPPINGNOMAXVALUENOMINIMIZENOMINVALUENOMONITORINGNONENONSCHEMANOORDERNOOVERRIDENOPARALLELNOPARALLEL_INDEXNORELYNOREPAIRNORESETLOGSNOREVERSENOREWRITENORMALNOROWDEPENDENCIESNOSCHEMACHECKNOSEGMENTNOSORTNOSTRICTNOSWITCHNOTNOTHINGNOTIFICATIONNOVALIDATENOWAITNO_ACCESSNO_BASETABLE_MULTIMV_REWRITENO_BIND_AWARENO_BUFFERNO_CARTESIANNO_CHECK_ACL_REWRITENO_COALESCE_SQNO_CONNECT_BY_CB_WHR_ONLYNO_CONNECT_BY_COMBINE_SWNO_CONNECT_BY_COST_BASEDNO_CONNECT_BY_ELIM_DUPSNO_CONNECT_BY_FILTERINGNO_COST_XML_QUERY_REWRITENO_CPU_COSTINGNO_DOMAIN_INDEX_FILTERNO_DST_UPGRADE_INSERT_CONVNO_ELIMINATE_JOINNO_ELIMINATE_OBYNO_ELIMINATE_OUTER_JOINNO_EXPANDNO_EXPAND_GSET_TO_UNIONNO_EXPAND_TABLENO_FACTNO_FACTORIZE_JOINNO_FILTERINGNO_GBY_PUSHDOWNNO_INDEXNO_INDEX_FFSNO_INDEX_SSNO_LOADNO_MERGENO_MODEL_PUSH_REFNO_MONITORNO_MONITORINGNO_MULTIMV_REWRITENO_NATIVE_FULL_OUTER_JOINNO_NLJ_BATCHINGNO_NLJ_PREFETCHNO_ORDER_ROLLUPSNO_OUTER_JOIN_TO_INNERNO_PARALLELNO_PARALLEL_INDEXNO_PARTIAL_COMMITNO_PLACE_DISTINCTNO_PLACE_GROUP_BYNO_PQ_MAPNO_PRUNE_GSETSNO_PULL_PREDNO_PUSH_PREDNO_PUSH_SUBQNO_PX_JOIN_FILTERNO_QKN_BUFFNO_QUERY_TRANSFORMATIONNO_REF_CASCADENO_RESULT_CACHENO_REWRITENO_SEMIJOINNO_SET_TO_JOINNO_SQL_TUNENO_STAR_TRANSFORMATIONNO_STATEMENT_QUEUINGNO_STATS_GSETSNO_SUBQUERY_PRUNINGNO_SUBSTRB_PADNO_SWAP_JOIN_INPUTSNO_TEMP_TABLENO_TRANSFORM_DISTINCT_AGGNO_UNNESTNO_USE_HASHNO_USE_HASH_AGGREGATIONNO_USE_INVISIBLE_INDEXESNO_USE_MERGENO_USE_NLNO_XMLINDEX_REWRITENO_XMLINDEX_REWRITE_IN_SELECTNO_XML_DML_REWRITENO_XML_QUERY_REWRITENTH_VALUENTILENULLNULLIFNULLSNUMBERNUMERICNUMTODSINTERVALNUMTOYMINTERVALNUM_INDEX_KEYSNVARCHAR2NVLNVL2OBJECTOBJECTTOXMLOBJNOOBJNO_REUSEOCCURENCESOFOFFOFFLINEOIDOIDINDEXOLAPOLDOLD_PUSH_PREDOLTPONONLINEONLYOPAQUEOPAQUE_TRANSFORMOPAQUE_XCANONICALOPCODEOPENOPERATIONSOPERATOROPTIMALOPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLEOPTIMIZER_GOALOPTIONOPT_ESTIMATEOPT_PARAMORORADEBUGORA_BRANCHORA_CHECKACLORA_DST_AFFECTEDORA_DST_CONVERTORA_DST_ERRORORA_GET_ACLIDSORA_GET_PRIVILEGESORA_HASHORA_ROWSCNORA_ROWSCN_RAWORA_ROWVERSIONORA_TABVERSIONORDERORDEREDORDERED_PREDICATESORDINALITYORGANIZATIONOR_EXPANDOR_PREDICATESOTHEROUTEROUTER_JOIN_TO_INNEROUTLINEOUTLINE_LEAFOUT_OF_LINEOVEROVERFLOWOVERFLOW_NOMOVEOVERLAPSOWNOWNEROWNERSHIPPPACKAGEPACKAGESPARALLELPARALLEL_INDEXPARAMPARAMETERSPARENTPARITYPART$NUM$INSTPARTIALLYPARTITIONPARTITIONSPARTITION_HASHPARTITION_LISTPARTITION_RANGEPASSINGPASSWORDPASSWORD_GRACE_TIMEPASSWORD_LIFE_TIMEPASSWORD_LOCK_TIMEPASSWORD_REUSE_MAXPASSWORD_REUSE_TIMEPASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTIONPATHPATHSPBL_HS_BEGINPBL_HS_ENDPCTFREEPCTINCREASEPCTTHRESHOLDPCTUSEDPCTVERSIONPENDINGPERCENTPERCENTILE_CONTPERCENTILE_DISCPERCENT_RANKPERCENT_RANKMPERFORMANCEPERMANENTPERMISSIONPFILEPHYSICALPIKEYPIVOTPIV_GBPIV_SSFPLACE_DISTINCTPLACE_GROUP_BYPLANPLSCOPE_SETTINGSPLSQL_CCFLAGSPLSQL_CODE_TYPEPLSQL_DEBUGPLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVELPLSQL_WARNINGSPOINTPOLICYPOST_TRANSACTIONPOWERPOWERMULTISETPOWERMULTISET_BY_CARDINALITYPQ_DISTRIBUTEPQ_MAPPQ_NOMAPPREBUILTPRECEDESPRECEDINGPRECISIONPRECOMPUTE_SUBQUERYPREDICATE_REORDERSPREDICTIONPREDICTION_BOUNDSPREDICTION_COSTPREDICTION_DETAILSPREDICTION_PROBABILITYPREDICTION_SETPREPAREPRESENTPRESENTNNVPRESENTVPRESERVEPRESERVE_OIDPREVIOUSPRIMARYPRIORPRIVATEPRIVATE_SGAPRIVILEGEPRIVILEGESPROCEDURALPROCEDUREPROCESSPROFILEPROGRAMPROJECTPROPAGATEPROTECTEDPROTECTIONPUBLICPULL_PREDPURGEPUSH_PREDPUSH_SUBQPX_GRANULEPX_JOIN_FILTERQB_NAMEQUERYQUERY_BLOCKQUEUEQUEUE_CURRQUEUE_ROWPQUIESCEQUORUMQUOTARANDOMRANDOM_LOCALRANGERANKRANKMRAPIDLYRATIO_TO_REPORTRAWRAWTOHEXRAWTONHEXRBARBO_OUTLINERDBAREADREADSREALREBALANCEREBUILDRECORDS_PER_BLOCKRECOVERRECOVERABLERECOVERYRECYCLERECYCLEBINREDOREDUCEDREDUNDANCYREFREFERENCEREFERENCEDREFERENCESREFERENCINGREFRESHREFTOHEXREF_CASCADE_CURSORREGEXP_COUNTREGEXP_INSTRREGEXP_LIKEREGEXP_REPLACEREGEXP_SUBSTRREGISTERREGR_AVGXREGR_AVGYREGR_COUNTREGR_INTERCEPTREGR_R2REGR_SLOPEREGR_SXXREGR_SXYREGR_SYYREGULARREJECTREKEYRELATIONALRELYREMAINDERREMOTE_MAPPEDREMOVERENAMEREPAIRREPEATREPLACEREPLICATIONREQUIREDRESETRESETLOGSRESIZERESOLVERESOLVERRESOURCERESPECTRESTORERESTORE_AS_INTERVALSRESTRICTRESTRICTEDRESTRICT_ALL_REF_CONSRESULT_CACHERESUMABLERESUMERETENTIONRETRY_ON_ROW_CHANGERETURNRETURNINGREUSEREVERSEREVOKEREWRITEREWRITE_OR_ERRORRIGHTROLEROLESROLLBACKROLLINGROLLUPROUNDROWROWDEPENDENCIESROWIDROWIDTOCHARROWIDTONCHARROWNUMROWSROW_LENGTHROW_NUMBERRPADRTRIMRULERULESSALTSAMPLESAVEPOINTSAVE_AS_INTERVALSSB4SCALESCALE_ROWSSCANSCAN_INSTANCESSCHEDULERSCHEMASCHEMACHECKSCNSCN_ASCENDINGSCOPESD_ALLSD_INHIBITSD_SHOWSEARCHSECONDSECUREFILESECUREFILE_DBASECURITYSEEDSEGMENTSEG_BLOCKSEG_FILESELECTSELECTIVITYSEMIJOINSEMIJOIN_DRIVERSEQUENCESEQUENCEDSEQUENTIALSERIALIZABLESERVERERRORSESSIONSESSIONS_PER_USERSESSIONTIMEZONESESSIONTZNAMESESSION_CACHED_CURSORSSETSETSSETTINGSSET_TO_JOINSEVERESHARESHAREDSHARED_POOLSHOWSHRINKSHUTDOWNSIBLINGSSIDSIGNSIGNAL_COMPONENTSIGNAL_FUNCTIONSIMPLESINSINGLESINGLETASKSINHSIZESKIPSKIP_EXT_OPTIMIZERSKIP_UNQ_UNUSABLE_IDXSKIP_UNUSABLE_INDEXESSMALLFILESMALLINTSNAPSHOTSOMESORTSOUNDEXSOURCESPACESPECIFICATIONSPFILESPLITSPREADSHEETSQLSQLLDRSQL_TRACESQRTSTALESTANDALONESTANDBYSTANDBY_MAX_DATA_DELAYSTARSTARTSTARTUPSTAR_TRANSFORMATIONSTATEMENTSSTATEMENT_IDSTATEMENT_QUEUINGSTATICSTATISTICSSTATS_BINOMIAL_TESTSTATS_CROSSTABSTATS_F_TESTSTATS_KS_TESTSTATS_MODESTATS_MW_TESTSTATS_ONE_WAY_ANOVASTATS_T_TEST_INDEPSTATS_T_TEST_INDEPUSTATS_T_TEST_ONESTATS_T_TEST_PAIREDSTATS_WSR_TESTSTDDEVSTDDEV_POPSTDDEV_SAMPSTOPSTORAGESTORESTREAMSSTRICTSTRINGSTRIPSTRIPE_COLUMNSSTRIPE_WIDTHSTRUCTURESUBMULTISETSUBPARTITIONSUBPARTITIONSSUBPARTITION_RELSUBQUERIESSUBQUERY_PRUNINGSUBSTITUTABLESUBSTRSUBSTR2SUBSTR4SUBSTRBSUBSTRCSUCCESSFULSUMSUMMARYSUPPLEMENTALSUSPENDSWAP_JOIN_INPUTSSWITCHSWITCHOVERSYNCSYNCHRONOUSSYNONYMSYSASMSYSAUXSYSDATESYSDBASYSOPERSYSTEMSYSTEM_DEFINEDSYSTIMESTAMPSYS_AUDITSYS_CHECKACLSYS_CONNECT_BY_PATHSYS_CONTEXTSYS_DBURIGENSYS_DL_CURSORSYS_DM_RXFORM_CHRSYS_DM_RXFORM_NUMSYS_DOM_COMPARESYS_DST_PRIM2SECSYS_DST_SEC2PRIMSYS_ET_BFILE_TO_RAWSYS_ET_BLOB_TO_IMAGESYS_ET_IMAGE_TO_BLOBSYS_ET_RAW_TO_BFILESYS_EXTPDTXTSYS_EXTRACT_UTCSYS_FBT_INSDELSYS_FILTER_ACLSSYS_GETTOKENIDSYS_GET_ACLIDSSYS_GET_PRIVILEGESSYS_GUIDSYS_MAKEXMLSYS_MAKE_XMLNODEIDSYS_MKXMLATTRSYS_OPTLOBPRBSCSYS_OPTXICMPSYS_OPTXQCASTASNQSYS_OP_ADT2BINSYS_OP_ADTCONSSYS_OP_ALSCRVALSYS_OP_ATGSYS_OP_BIN2ADTSYS_OP_BITVECSYS_OP_BL2RSYS_OP_BLOOM_FILTERSYS_OP_BLOOM_FILTER_LISTSYS_OP_C2CSYS_OP_CASTSYS_OP_CEGSYS_OP_CL2CSYS_OP_COMBINED_HASHSYS_OP_COMPSYS_OP_CONVERTSYS_OP_COUNTCHGSYS_OP_CSCONVSYS_OP_CSCONVTESTSYS_OP_CSRSYS_OP_CSX_PATCHSYS_OP_DECOMPSYS_OP_DESCENDSYS_OP_DISTINCTSYS_OP_DRASYS_OP_DUMPSYS_OP_ENFORCE_NOT_NULL$SYS_OP_EXTRACTSYS_OP_GROUPINGSYS_OP_GUIDSYS_OP_IIXSYS_OP_ITRSYS_OP_LBIDSYS_OP_LOBLOC2BLOBSYS_OP_LOBLOC2CLOBSYS_OP_LOBLOC2IDSYS_OP_LOBLOC2NCLOBSYS_OP_LOBLOC2TYPSYS_OP_LSVISYS_OP_LVLSYS_OP_MAKEOIDSYS_OP_MAP_NONNULLSYS_OP_MSRSYS_OP_NICOMBINESYS_OP_NIEXTRACTSYS_OP_NIISYS_OP_NIXSYS_OP_NOEXPANDSYS_OP_NTCIMG$SYS_OP_NUMTORAWSYS_OP_OIDVALUESYS_OP_OPNSIZESYS_OP_PARSYS_OP_PARGIDSYS_OP_PARGID_1SYS_OP_PAR_1SYS_OP_PIVOTSYS_OP_R2OSYS_OP_RAWTONUMSYS_OP_RDTMSYS_OP_REFSYS_OP_RMTDSYS_OP_ROWIDTOOBJSYS_OP_RPBSYS_OP_TOSETIDSYS_OP_TPRSYS_OP_TRTBSYS_OP_UNDESCENDSYS_OP_VECANDSYS_OP_VECBITSYS_OP_VECORSYS_OP_VECXORSYS_OP_VERSIONSYS_OP_VREFSYS_OP_VVDSYS_OP_XPTHATGSYS_OP_XPTHIDXSYS_OP_XPTHOPSYS_OP_XTXT2SQLTSYS_ORDERKEY_DEPTHSYS_ORDERKEY_MAXCHILDSYS_ORDERKEY_PARENTSYS_PARALLEL_TXNSYS_PATHID_IS_ATTRSYS_PATHID_IS_NMSPCSYS_PATHID_LASTNAMESYS_PATHID_LASTNMSPCSYS_PATH_REVERSESYS_PXQEXTRACTSYS_RID_ORDERSYS_ROW_DELTASYS_SC_2_XMLTSYS_SYNRCIREDOSYS_TYPEIDSYS_UMAKEXMLSYS_XMLANALYZESYS_XMLCONTAINSSYS_XMLCONVSYS_XMLEXNSURISYS_XMLGENSYS_XMLI_LOC_ISNODESYS_XMLI_LOC_ISTEXTSYS_XMLLOCATOR_GETSVALSYS_XMLNODEIDSYS_XMLNODEID_GETCIDSYS_XMLNODEID_GETLOCATORSYS_XMLNODEID_GETOKEYSYS_XMLNODEID_GETPATHIDSYS_XMLNODEID_GETPTRIDSYS_XMLNODEID_GETRIDSYS_XMLNODEID_GETSVALSYS_XMLNODEID_GETTIDSYS_XMLTRANSLATESYS_XMLTYPE2SQLSYS_XMLT_2_SCSYS_XQBASEURISYS_XQCASTABLEERRHSYS_XQCODEP2STRSYS_XQCODEPEQSYS_XQCON2SEQSYS_XQCONCATSYS_XQDELETESYS_XQDFLTCOLATIONSYS_XQDOCSYS_XQDOCURISYS_XQED4URISYS_XQENDSWITHSYS_XQERRSYS_XQERRHSYS_XQESHTMLURISYS_XQEXLOBVALSYS_XQEXSTWRPSYS_X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https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms189822
下表列出了 SQL Server 保留關(guān)鍵字。
| add | EXTERNAL | PROCEDURE |
| ALL | FETCH | PUBLIC |
| ALTER | FILE | RAISERROR |
| And | FILLFACTOR | READ |
| ANY | FOR | READTEXT |
| As | FOREIGN | RECONFIGURE |
| ASC | FREETEXT | REFERENCES |
| AUTHORIZATION | FREETEXTTABLE | REPLICATION |
| BACKUP | from | RESTORE |
| BEGIN | FULL | RESTRICT |
| BETWEEN | FUNCTION | RETURN |
| BREAK | GOTO | REVERT |
| BROWSE | GRANT | REVOKE |
| BULK | GROUP | RIGHT |
| BY | HAVING | ROLLBACK |
| CASCADE | HOLDLOCK | ROWCOUNT |
| Case | IDENTITY | ROWGUIDCOL |
| CHECK | IDENTITY_INSERT | RULE |
| CHECKPOINT | IDENTITYCOL | SAVE |
| close | IF | SCHEMA |
| CLUSTERED | IN | SECURITYAUDIT |
| COALESCE | INDEX | SELECT |
| COLLATE | INNER | SEMANTICKEYPHRASETABLE |
| COLUMN | INSERT | SEMANTICSIMILARITYDETAILSTABLE |
| COMMIT | INTERSECT | SEMANTICSIMILARITYTABLE |
| COMPUTE | INTO | SESSION_USER |
| CONSTRAINT | is | SET |
| CONTAINS | JOIN | SETUSER |
| CONTAINSTABLE | KEY | SHUTDOWN |
| CONTINUE | KILL | SOME |
| CONVERT | LEFT | STATISTICS |
| CREATE | LIKE | SYSTEM_USER |
| CROSS | LINENO | TABLE |
| CURRENT | LOAD | TABLESAMPLE |
| CURRENT_DATE | MERGE | TEXTSIZE |
| CURRENT_TIME | NATIONAL | THEN |
| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | NOCHECK | 目標(biāo) |
| CURRENT_USER | NONCLUSTERED | TOP |
| CURSOR | NOT | TRAN |
| DATABASE | NULL | TRANSACTION |
| DBCC | NULLIF | Trigger |
| DEALLOCATE | OF | TRUNCATE |
| DECLARE | OFF | TRY_CONVERT |
| DEFAULT | OFFSETS | TSEQUAL |
| delete | ON | UNION |
| DENY | OPEN | UNIQUE |
| DESC | OPENDATASOURCE | UNPIVOT |
| DISK | OPENQUERY | UPDATE |
| DISTINCT | OPENROWSET | UPDATETEXT |
| DISTRIBUTED | OPENXML | USE |
| DOUBLE | OPTION | USER |
| DROP | OR | VALUES |
| DUMP | ORDER | VARYING |
| Else | OUTER | View |
| END | OVER | WAITFOR |
| ERRLVL | PERCENT | WHEN |
| ESCAPE | PIVOT | WHERE |
| EXCEPT | PLAN | WHILE |
| EXEC | PRECISION | WITH |
| EXECUTE | PRIMARY | WITHIN GROUP |
| EXISTS | | WRITETEXT |
| EXIT | PROC |
此外，ISO 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定義了保留關(guān)鍵字列表。 不要使用 ISO 保留關(guān)鍵字作為對(duì)象名和標(biāo)識(shí)符。 ODBC 保留關(guān)鍵字列表（如下表所示）與 ISO 保留關(guān)鍵字列表相同。
注意
ISO 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)保留關(guān)鍵字有時(shí)可能比 SQL Server 限制更多，有時(shí)則更少。 例如，ISO 保留關(guān)鍵字列表包含 INT。 SQL Server 不必將此區(qū)分為保留關(guān)鍵字。
Transact-SQL 保留關(guān)鍵字可用作數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)或數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)對(duì)象（如表、列、視圖等）的標(biāo)識(shí)符或名稱。 使用帶引號(hào)的標(biāo)識(shí)符或分隔標(biāo)識(shí)符。 不限制將保留關(guān)鍵字用作變量和存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程參數(shù)的名
ODBC 保留關(guān)鍵字
保留了下列關(guān)鍵字以用于 ODBC 函數(shù)調(diào)用。這些關(guān)鍵字根本不約束 SQL 語(yǔ)法；然而，為確保與支持核心 SQL 語(yǔ)法的驅(qū)動(dòng)程序兼容，應(yīng)用程序應(yīng)避免使用這些關(guān)鍵字。
下面是當(dāng)前的 ODBC 保留關(guān)鍵字列表。
| ABSOLUTE | EXEC | OVERLAPS |
| ACTION | EXECUTE | PAD |
| ADA | EXISTS | PARTIAL |
| ADD | EXTERNAL | PASCAL |
| ALL | EXTRACT | POSITION |
| ALLOCATE | FALSE | PRECISION |
| ALTER | FETCH | PREPARE |
| AND | FIRST | PRESERVE |
| ANY | FLOAT | PRIMARY |
| ARE | FOR | PRIOR |
| AS | FOREIGN | PRIVILEGES |
| ASC | FORTRAN | PROCEDURE |
| ASSERTION | FOUND | PUBLIC |
| AT | FROM | READ |
| AUTHORIZATION | FULL | REAL |
| AVG | GET | REFERENCES |
| BEGIN | GLOBAL | RELATIVE |
| BETWEEN | GO | RESTRICT |
| BIT | GOTO | REVOKE |
| BIT_LENGTH | GRANT | RIGHT |
| BOTH | GROUP | ROLLBACK |
| BY | HAVING | ROWS |
| CASCADE | HOUR | SCHEMA |
| CASCADED | IDENTITY | SCROLL |
| CASE | IMMEDIATE | SECOND |
| CAST | IN | SECTION |
| CATALOG | INCLUDE | SELECT |
| CHAR | INDEX | SESSION |
| CHAR_LENGTH | INDICATOR | SESSION_USER |
| CHARACTER | INITIALLY | SET |
| CHARACTER_LENGTH | INNER | SIZE |
| CHECK | INPUT | SMALLINT |
| CLOSE | INSENSITIVE | SOME |
| COALESCE | INSERT | SPACE |
| COLLATE | INT | SQL |
| COLLATION | INTEGER | SQLCA |
| COLUMN | INTERSECT | SQLCODE |
| COMMIT | INTERVAL | SQLERROR |
| CONNECT | INTO | SQLSTATE |
| CONNECTION | IS | SQLWARNING |
| CONSTRAINT | ISOLATION | SUBSTRING |
| CONSTRAINTS | JOIN | SUM |
| CONTINUE | KEY | SYSTEM_USER |
| CONVERT | LANGUAGE | TABLE |
| CORRESPONDING | LAST | TEMPORARY |
| COUNT | LEADING | THEN |
| CREATE | LEFT | TIME |
| CROSS | LEVEL | TIMESTAMP |
| CURRENT | LIKE | TIMEZONE_HOUR |
| CURRENT_DATE | LOCAL | TIMEZONE_MINUTE |
| CURRENT_TIME | LOWER | TO |
| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | MATCH | TRAILING |
| CURRENT_USER | MAX | TRANSACTION |
| CURSOR | MIN | TRANSLATE |
| DATE | MINUTE | TRANSLATION |
| DAY | MODULE | TRIM |
| DEALLOCATE | MONTH | TRUE |
| DEC | NAMES | UNION |
| DECIMAL | NATIONAL | UNIQUE |
| DECLARE | NATURAL | UNKNOWN |
| DEFAULT | NCHAR | UPDATE |
| DEFERRABLE | NEXT | UPPER |
| DEFERRED | NO | USAGE |
| DELETE | NONE | USER |
| DESC | NOT | USING |
| DESCRIBE | NULL | VALUE |
| DESCRIPTOR | NULLIF | VALUES |
| DIAGNOSTICS | NUMERIC | VARCHAR |
| DISCONNECT | OCTET_LENGTH | VARYING |
| DISTINCT | OF | VIEW |
| DOMAIN | ON | WHEN |
| DOUBLE | ONLY | WHENEVER |
| DROP | OPEN | WHERE |
| ELSE | OPTION | WITH |
| END | OR | WORK |
| END-EXEC | ORDER | WRITE |
| ESCAPE | OUTER | YEAR |
| EXCEPT | OUTPUT | ZONE |
| EXCEPTION |
|
|
將來(lái)的關(guān)鍵字
下列關(guān)鍵字可能會(huì)在將來(lái)的 SQL Server 版本中保留使用，作為將來(lái)要實(shí)現(xiàn)的新功能。注意，不要使用這些關(guān)鍵字作為標(biāo)識(shí)符。
| ABSOLUTE | HOST | RELATIVE |
| ACTION | HOUR | RELEASE |
| ADMIN | IGNORE | RESULT |
| AFTER | IMMEDIATE | RETURNS |
| AGGREGATE | INDICATOR | ROLE |
| ALIAS | INITIALIZE | ROLLUP |
| ALLOCATE | INITIALLY | ROUTINE |
| ARE | INOUT | ROW |
| ARRAY | INPUT | ROWS |
| ASENSITIVE | INT | SAVEPOINT |
| ASSERTION | INTEGER | SCROLL |
| ASYMMETRIC | INTERSECTION | SCOPE |
| AT | INTERVAL | SEARCH |
| ATOMIC | ISOLATION | SECOND |
| BEFORE | ITERATE | SECTION |
| BINARY | LANGUAGE | SENSITIVE |
| BIT | LARGE | SEQUENCE |
| BLOB | LAST | SESSION |
| BOOLEAN | LATERAL | SETS |
| BOTH | LEADING | SIMILAR |
| BREADTH | LESS | SIZE |
| CALL | LEVEL | SMALLINT |
| CALLED | LIKE_REGEX | SPACE |
| CARDINALITY | LIMIT | SPECIFIC |
| CASCADED | LN | SPECIFICTYPE |
| CAST | LOCAL | SQL |
| CATALOG | LOCALTIME | SQLEXCEPTION |
| CHAR | LOCALTIMESTAMP | SQLSTATE |
| CHARACTER | LOCATOR | SQLWARNING |
| CLASS | MAP | START |
| CLOB | MATCH | STATE |
| COLLATION | MEMBER | STATEMENT |
| COLLECT | METHOD | STATIC |
| COMPLETION | MINUTE | STDDEV_POP |
| CONDITION | MOD | STDDEV_SAMP |
| CONNECT | MODIFIES | STRUCTURE |
| CONNECTION | MODIFY | SUBMULTISET |
| CONSTRAINTS | MODULE | SUBSTRING_REGEX |
| CONSTRUCTOR | MONTH | SYMMETRIC |
| CORR | MULTISET | SYSTEM |
| CORRESPONDING | NAMES | TEMPORARY |
| COVAR_POP | NATURAL | TERMINATE |
| COVAR_SAMP | NCHAR | THAN |
| CUBE | NCLOB | TIME |
| CUME_DIST | NEW | TIMESTAMP |
| CURRENT_CATALOG | NEXT | TIMEZONE_HOUR |
| CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP | NO | TIMEZONE_MINUTE |
| CURRENT_PATH | NONE | TRAILING |
| CURRENT_ROLE | NORMALIZE | TRANSLATE_REGEX |
| CURRENT_SCHEMA | NUMERIC | TRANSLATION |
| CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE | OBJECT | TREAT |
| CYCLE | OCCURRENCES_REGEX | TRUE |
| DATA | OLD | UESCAPE |
| DATE | ONLY | UNDER |
| DAY | OPERATION | UNKNOWN |
| DEC | ORDINALITY | UNNEST |
| DECIMAL | OUT | USAGE |
| DEFERRABLE | OVERLAY | USING |
| DEFERRED | OUTPUT | VALUE |
| DEPTH | PAD | VAR_POP |
| DEREF | PARAMETER | VAR_SAMP |
| DESCRIBE | PARAMETERS | VARCHAR |
| DESCRIPTOR | PARTIAL | VARIABLE |
| DESTROY | PARTITION | WHENEVER |
| DESTRUCTOR | PATH | WIDTH_BUCKET |
| DETERMINISTIC | POSTFIX | WITHOUT |
| DICTIONARY | PREFIX | WINDOW |
| DIAGNOSTICS | PREORDER | WITHIN |
| DISCONNECT | PREPARE | WORK |
| DOMAIN | PERCENT_RANK | WRITE |
| DYNAMIC | PERCENTILE_CONT | XMLAGG |
| EACH | PERCENTILE_DISC | XMLATTRIBUTES |
| ELEMENT | POSITION_REGEX | XMLBINARY |
| END-EXEC | PRESERVE | XMLCAST |
| EQUALS | PRIOR | XMLCOMMENT |
| EVERY | PRIVILEGES | XMLCONCAT |
| EXCEPTION | RANGE | XMLDOCUMENT |
| FALSE | READS | XMLELEMENT |
| FILTER | REAL | XMLEXISTS |
| FIRST | RECURSIVE | XMLFOREST |
| FLOAT | REF | XMLITERATE |
| FOUND | REFERENCING | XMLNAMESPACES |
| FREE | REGR_AVGX | XMLPARSE |
| FULLTEXTTABLE | REGR_AVGY | XMLPI |
| FUSION | REGR_COUNT | XMLQUERY |
| GENERAL | REGR_INTERCEPT | XMLSERIALIZE |
| GET | REGR_R2 | XMLTABLE |
| GLOBAL | REGR_SLOPE | XMLTEXT |
| GO | REGR_SXX | XMLVALIDATE |
| GROUPING | REGR_SXY | YEAR |
| HOLD | REGR_SYY | ZONE |
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