Laravel 5.6中的CURD操作（代碼示例詳解）

2024-08-30 19:06:50

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在本篇文章中，我將給大家分享laravel 5.6版本中的基本crud（創建，讀取，更新和刪除）應用程序模塊。你可以按照下面的步驟在laravel 5.6中創建CRUD應用程序。

Laravel是一個流行的開源PHP MVC框架，具有許多高級開發功能。如果你是laravel 5.6應用程序中的學習者或初學者，更多地了解或學習crud應用程序總是有很大幫助的。

下面我將創建insert（插入）、update（更新）、delete（刪除）和view（查看）和產品的分頁示例。你只需創建新產品，查看產品，編輯產品并從列表中刪除產品即可。

第1步：安裝Laravel 5.6

可以在終端中運行 create-project 命令來安裝 Laravel：

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel blog

第2步：數據庫配置

完成安裝后，我們將為laravel 5.6的crud應用程序進行數據庫配置，例如數據庫名稱，用戶名，密碼等。所以，讓我們打開.env文件并填寫相關信息，如下：

.env

DB_CONNECTION=mysql

DB_HOST=127.0.0.1

DB_PORT=3306

DB_DATABASE=here your database name(blog)

DB_USERNAME=here database username(root)

DB_PASSWORD=here database password(root)

第3步：創建產品表和模型

我們將為產品創建crud應用程序。所以我們必須使用Laravel 5.6 php artisan命令創建產品表的遷移（migrations），首先使用以下命令：

php artisan make:migration create_products_table --create=products

在執行此命令之后，你可以在路徑database/migrations中找到一個文件，并且必須將以下代碼放在migrations文件中以用于創建products表。

<?php

use Illuminate/Support/Facades/Schema;

use Illuminate/Database/Schema/Blueprint;

use Illuminate/Database/Migrations/Migration;

class CreateProductsTable extends Migration

{

    /**

     * Run the migrations.

     *

     * @return void

     */

    public function up()

    {

        Schema::create('products', function (Blueprint $table) {

            $table->increments('id');

            $table->string('name');

            $table->text('detail');

            $table->timestamps();

        });

    }

    /**

     * Reverse the migrations.

     *

     * @return void

     */

    public function down()

//Vevb.com

    {

        Schema::dropIfExists('products');

    }

}

第4步：添加resource路由

在這個步驟中，我們需要為產品crud應用添加resource路由。所以打開routes / web.php文件并添加以下路由。

routes/web.php

Route::resource('products','ProductController');

第5步：創建ProductController

現在，我們應該創建一個新的控制器ProductController。因此要運行以下命令并創建新的控制器。下面的控制器用于創建resource控制器。

創建ProductController

php artisan make:controller ProductController --resource --model=Product

在下面的命令之后，你將在這個路徑app/Http/Controllers/ProductController.php中找到新的文件。

在這個控制器中，默認情況下將創建7個方法如下所示:

1)index()

2)create()

3)store()

4)show()

5)edit()

6)update()

7)destroy()

因此，讓我們復制下面的代碼并將其放到ProductController.php文件中。

app/Http/Controllers/ProductController.php

namespace App/Http/Controllers;

use App/Product;

use Illuminate/Http/Request;

class ProductController extends Controller

{

    /**

     * Display a listing of the resource.

     *

     * @return /Illuminate/Http/Response

     */

    public function index()

    {

        $products = Product::latest()->paginate(5);

        return view('products.index',compact('products'))

            ->with('i', (request()->input('page', 1) - 1) * 5);

    }

    /**

     * Show the form for creating a new resource.

     *

     * @return /Illuminate/Http/Response

     */

    public function create()

    {

        return view('products.create');

    }

    /**

     * Store a newly created resource in storage.

     *

     * @param  /Illuminate/Http/Request  $request

     * @return /Illuminate/Http/Response

     */

    public function store(Request $request)

    {

        request()->validate([

            'name' => 'required',

            'detail' => 'required',

        ]);

        Product::create($request->all());

        return redirect()->route('products.index')

                        ->with('success','Product created successfully.');

    }

    /**

     * Display the specified resource.

     *

     * @param  /App/Product  $product

     * @return /Illuminate/Http/Response

     */

    public function show(Product $product)

    {

        return view('products.show',compact('product'));

    }

    /**

     * Show the form for editing the specified resource.

     *

     * @param  /App/Product  $product

     * @return /Illuminate/Http/Response

     */

    public function edit(Product $product)

    {

        return view('products.edit',compact('product'));

    }

    /**

     * Update the specified resource in storage.

     *

     * @param  /Illuminate/Http/Request  $request

     * @param  /App/Product  $product

     * @return /Illuminate/Http/Response

     */

    public function update(Request $request, Product $product)

    {

         request()->validate([

            'name' => 'required',

            'detail' => 'required',

        ]);

        $product->update($request->all());

        return redirect()->route('products.index')

                        ->with('success','Product updated successfully');

    }

    /**

     * Remove the specified resource from storage.

     *

     * @param  /App/Product  $product

     * @return /Illuminate/Http/Response

     */

    public function destroy(Product $product)

    {

//Vevb.com

        $product->delete();

        return redirect()->route('products.index')

                        ->with('success','Product deleted successfully');

    }

}

OK，運行下面命令后，你會找到app/Product.php，并將下面的內容放入Product.php文件中:

app/Product.php

namespace App;

use Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model;

class Product extends Model

{

    /**

     * The attributes that are mass assignable.

     *

     * @var array

     */

    protected $fillable = [

        'name', 'detail'

    ];

}

第6步:創建Blade文件

現在我們進入最后一步。在這一步中，我們只需要創建blade文件。所以我們主要需要創建布局文件，然后創建新的文件夾“products”，然后創建crud app的blade文件。最后需要創建以下blade文件:

1) layout.blade.php

2) index.blade.php

3) show.blade.php

4) form.blade.php

5) create.blade.php

6) edit.blade.php

讓我們創建下面的文件，并放入下面的代碼。

resources/views/products/layout.blade.php

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

    <title>Laravel 5.6 CRUD Application</title>

    <link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/4.0.0-alpha/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>

<body>

<div class="container">

    @yield('content')

</div>

</body>

</html>

resources/views/products/index.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')

@section('content')

    <div class="row">

        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">

            <div class="pull-left">

                <h2>Laravel 5.6 CRUD Example from scratch</h2>

            </div>

            <div class="pull-right">

                <a class="btn btn-success" href="{{ route('products.create') }}"> Create New Product</a>

            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

    @if ($message = Session::get('success'))

        <div class="alert alert-success">

            <p>{{ $message }}</p>

        </div>

    @endif

    <table class="table table-bordered">

        <tr>

            <th>No</th>

            <th>Name</th>

            <th>Details</th>

            <th width="280px">Action</th>

        </tr>

        @foreach ($products as $product)

        <tr>

            <td>{{ ++$i }}</td>

            <td>{{ $product->name }}</td>

            <td>{{ $product->detail }}</td>

            <td>

                <form action="{{ route('products.destroy',$product->id) }}" method="POST">

                    <a class="btn btn-info" href="{{ route('products.show',$product->id) }}">Show</a>

                    <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.edit',$product->id) }}">Edit</a>

                    @csrf

                    @method('DELETE')



                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>

                </form>

            </td>

        </tr>

        @endforeach

    </table>

    {!! $products->links() !!}

@endsection

resources/views/products/show.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')

@section('content')

    <div class="row">

        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">

            <div class="pull-left">

                <h2> Show Product</h2>

            </div>

            <div class="pull-right">

                <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.index') }}"> Back</a>

            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div class="row">

        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">

            <div class="form-group">

                <strong>Name:</strong>

                {{ $product->name }}

            </div>

        </div>

        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">

            <div class="form-group">

                <strong>Details:</strong>

                {{ $product->detail }}

            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

@endsection

resources/views/products/create.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')

@section('content')

    <div class="row">

        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">

            <div class="pull-left">

                <h2>Add New Product</h2>

            </div>

            <div class="pull-right">

                <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.index') }}"> Back</a>

            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

    @if ($errors->any())

        <div class="alert alert-danger">

            <strong>Whoops!</strong> There were some problems with your input.<br><br>

            <ul>

                @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)

                    <li>{{ $error }}</li>

                @endforeach

            </ul>

        </div>

    @endif

    <form action="{{ route('products.store') }}" method="POST">

        @csrf

         <div class="row">

            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">

                <div class="form-group">

                    <strong>Name:</strong>

                    <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" placeholder="Name">

                </div>

            </div>

            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">

                <div class="form-group">

                    <strong>Detail:</strong>

                    <textarea class="form-control" style="height:150px" name="detail" placeholder="Detail"></textarea>

                </div>

            </div>

            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 text-center">

                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>

            </div>

        </div>

    </form>

@endsection

resources/views/products/edit.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')

@section('content')

    <div class="row">

        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">

            <div class="pull-left">

                <h2>Edit Product</h2>

            </div>

            <div class="pull-right">

                <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.index') }}"> Back</a>

            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

    @if ($errors->any())

        <div class="alert alert-danger">

            <strong>Whoops!</strong> There were some problems with your input.<br><br>

            <ul>

                @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)

                    <li>{{ $error }}</li>

                @endforeach

            </ul>

        </div>

    @endif

    <form action="{{ route('products.update',$product->id) }}" method="POST">

        @csrf

        @method('PUT')

         <div class="row">

            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">

                <div class="form-group">

                    <strong>Name:</strong>

                    <input type="text" name="name" value="{{ $product->name }}" class="form-control" placeholder="Name">

                </div>

            </div>

            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">

                <div class="form-group">

                    <strong>Detail:</strong>

                    <textarea class="form-control" style="height:150px" name="detail" placeholder="Detail">{{ $product->detail }}</textarea>

                </div>

            </div>

            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 text-center">

              <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>

            </div>

        </div>

    </form>

@endsection