本文實(shí)例講述了CentOS6.5環(huán)境安裝nginx服務(wù)器及負(fù)載均衡配置操作。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：
1、下載PCRE， 是一個(gè)用C語言編寫的正則表達(dá)式函數(shù)庫
[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/[root@localhost download]# wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.37/pcre-8.37.tar.gz[root@localhost download]# tar zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gz
2、下載zlib庫
[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/[root@localhost download]# wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/zlib/1.2.8/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz[root@localhost download]# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz cd zlib-1.2.8
4、下載SSL
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# cd ..[root@localhost download]# wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1p.tar.gz[root@localhost download]# cd openssl-1.0.1c[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz
5、下載nginx
[root@localhost download]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz[root@localhost download]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz
6、安裝
[root@localhost download]mv pcre-8.36 /usr/local/[root@localhost download]mv zlib-1.2.8 /usr/local/[root@localhost download]mv openssl-1.0.1c /usr/local/[root@localhost download]mv nginx-1.2.8 /usr/local/[root@localhost download]cd /usr/local/[root@localhost local]# cd pcre-8.36[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# ./configure&&make&&make install[root@localhost pcre-8.36] cd ../zlib-1.2.8[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# ./configure && make && make install[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# cd ../openssl-1.0.1c[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# ./config && make && make install[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# cd ../nginx-1.2.8[root@localhost nginx-1.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx && make && make install
7、啟動(dòng)nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
8、測試
在確?？梢赃B接到服務(wù)器的電腦上，瀏覽器輸入裝了nginx的機(jī)器的ip地址，會(huì)看到Welcome to nginx!的提示說明安裝配配置成功了。
9、設(shè)置開機(jī)自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)（shell腳本處理）
[root@localhost logs]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx
添加以下shell腳本。
#!/bin/bash# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server# it is v.0.0.2 version.# chkconfig: - 85 15# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.# It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.# processname: nginx# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxnginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pidRETVAL=0prog="nginx"# Source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions# Source networking configuration.. /etc/sysconfig/network# Check that networking is up.[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0# Start nginx daemons functions.start() {if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then echo "nginx already running...." exit 1fi echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config} RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx return $RETVAL}# Stop nginx daemons functions.stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $nginxd RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid}# reload nginx service functions.reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}` killproc $nginxd -HUP RETVAL=$? echo}# See how we were called.case "$1" instart) start ;;stop) stop ;;reload) reload ;;restart) stop start ;;status) status $prog RETVAL=$? ;;*) echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}" exit 1esacexit $RETVAL保存后，設(shè)置權(quán)限讓所有人可以操作。
[root@localhost ~]# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx[root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx statusnginx (pid 2417 2416) is running...[root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx stopStopping nginx: [ OK ][root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx startStarting nginx: [ OK ][root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx statusnginx (pid 2454 2452) is running...[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/rc.local
添加：
/etc/init.d/nginx start
重啟電腦就會(huì)生效。
注意：腳本里面關(guān)于啟動(dòng)目錄的，如果你的安裝地址不一樣，要進(jìn)行修改。
負(fù)載均衡配置：
現(xiàn)有兩部服務(wù)器：
192.168.137.197 （按照以上操作安裝有nginx，作為轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)機(jī)，虛擬機(jī)）
192.168.137.33 （無安裝nginx，運(yùn)行有測試用的web工程，虛擬機(jī)）
10.10.33.59 （無安裝nginx，運(yùn)行有測試用的web工程，本地電腦地址）
，運(yùn)行有測試用的web工程
127.0.0.1 web_app
[root@a conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
配置如下展示：
worker_processes 8;pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;events{use epoll;worker_connections 102400;}http{ include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; charset utf-8; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 4k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 300m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; client_body_buffer_size 512k; proxy_connect_timeout 5; proxy_read_timeout 60; proxy_send_timeout 5; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 4 64k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on;###2012-12-19 change nginx logslog_format main '$http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $request_time $remote_addr';upstream web_app {server 192.168.137.197:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;server 192.168.137.33:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;server 10.10.33.59:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;}####chinaapp.sinaapp.comserver { listen 80; server_name chinaapp.sinaapp.com; index index.jsp index.html index.htm; #發(fā)布目錄/data/www root /data/www; location / { proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://web_app; expires 3d; } }}設(shè)置host：
[root@a conf]# vi /etc/hosts
添加hosts：
127.0.0.1 web_app
啟動(dòng)nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
啟動(dòng)三部服務(wù)器的web應(yīng)用：
在192.168.137.197執(zhí)行指令：
[root@a PROGRAM]# curl "http://web_app/index.jsp"
測試結(jié)果如下：
常見問題及解決辦法：
1、安裝PCRE時(shí)提示configure: error: You need a C++ compiler for C++ support.
原因是沒有安裝c++編譯器，采用下面的命令安裝：
[root@localhost pcre-8.37]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++
2、啟動(dòng)nginx失敗
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
原因是64bit的系統(tǒng)，但是默認(rèn)取了/usr/local/lib里面的包
檢查方法：
[root@localhost nginx]# cd /usr/local/[root@localhost local]# ls /lib64/ |grep pcrelibpcre.so.0libpcre.so.0.0.1[root@localhost local]# ls /lib/ |grep pcre
說明缺失的包在lib64
設(shè)置軟連接來解決：
[root@localhost local]# ln -s /lib64/libpcre.so.0.0.1 /lib64/libpcre.so.1[root@localhost local]# cd nginx[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
3、啟動(dòng)報(bào)錯(cuò)：
報(bào)錯(cuò)：nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
解決辦法：sudo fuser -k 80/tcp
端口被占用，關(guān)閉占用端口
希望本文所述對(duì)大家CentOS服務(wù)器配置有所幫助。
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