前言:
由于服務器apache抗不住目前的并發.加上前端squid配置后,問題依然無法解決.而頁面程序大部分是動態.無法使用fastcgi來處理.因此想使用nginx做為反向代理apache.整個配置安裝過程很簡單.在考慮高并發的情況下,在安裝前就做了些優化.目前配置能抗住3000以上并發.好像不是特別大哦?呵~~ 但足以~~ 只是還有少量499問題..期待有人跟我討論解決
第1部分:安裝
1 建立用戶及組
/usr/sbin/groupadd www/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
2 安裝pcre 讓nginx支持rewrite 方便以后所需
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gztar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gzcd pcre-7.8/./configuremake && make install
3 安裝nginx
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.7.58.tar.gztar zxvf nginx-0.7.58.tar.gzcd nginx-0.7.58/./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-cc-opt='-O2' --with-cpu-opt=opteronmake && make install
#注意上文中的--with-cc-opt='-O2' --with-cpu-opt=opteron 這是編譯器優化,目前最常用的是-02 而不是3.后面對應CPU的型號,可參照:http://wiki.gentoo.tw/index.php/HOWTO_CFLAG
第2部分:配置及優化配置文件
1 nginx.conf 配置文件:
user www www;worker_processes 4;# [ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit ]error_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;events{ use epoll; worker_connections 51200;}http{ include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; source_charset GB2312; server_names_hash_bucket_size 256; client_header_buffer_size 256k; large_client_header_buffers 4 256k; #size limits client_max_body_size 50m; client_body_buffer_size 256k; client_header_timeout 3m; client_body_timeout 3m; send_timeout 3m;#參數都有所調整.目的是解決代理過程中出現的一些502 499錯誤 sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 120; #參數加大,以解決做代理時502錯誤 tcp_nodelay on; include vhosts/upstream.conf; include vhosts/bbs.linuxtone.conf; }2 upstream.conf 配置文件(這也是做負載的配置方法)
upstream.conf upstream bbs.linuxtone.com { server 192.168.1.4:8099; }3 站點配置文件
bbs.linuxtone.confserver { listen 80; server_name bbs.linuxtone.conf; charset GB2312; index index.html index.htm; root /date/wwwroot/linuxtone/; location ~ ^/NginxStatus/ { stub_status on; access_log off; } location / { root /date/wwwroot/linuxtone/; proxy_redirect off ; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; client_max_body_size 50m; client_body_buffer_size 256k; proxy_connect_timeout 30; proxy_send_timeout 30; proxy_read_timeout 60; proxy_buffer_size 256k; proxy_buffers 4 256k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k; proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_503 http_404; proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m; proxy_pass http://bbs.linuxtone.com; }#參數都有所調整.目的是解決代理過程中出現的一些502 499錯誤
#Add expires header for static content location ~* /.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf)$ { if (-f $request_filename) { root /date/wwwroot/linuxtone/; expires 1d; break; } } log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'; access_log /exp/nginxlogs/bbs.linuxtone_access.log access; }注:第二種代理方式
nginx 處理下圖片,html等靜態的東西.其它動態由apache處理.因此apache也需要做一些參數調整.
設置圖片等過期時間.緩解請求.
如果源與nginx在同一臺機器建議使用如下方法:
location / { proxy_pass http://192.168.1.4:8099/; proxy_redirect default ; }針對不同的目錄進行代理把下面的配置放到根目錄代理的上面
location /linuxtone/ { proxy_pass http://192.168.1.4:8099/linuxtone/; proxy_redirect default ; }4 源配置
<VirtualHost 192.168.1.4:8099> ServerAdmin liuyu105#gmail.com DocumentRoot /date/wwwroot/linuxtone ServerName bbs.linuxtone.com ErrorLog logs/linuxtone_error_log CustomLog "|/usr/local/sbin/cronolog logs/linuxtone_access_log.%Y%m%d" combined</VirtualHost>
第3部分:源的優化
1 apache-mpm.conf
<IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 15 MinSpareServers 15 MaxSpareServers 30 ServerLimit 2536 MaxClients 2048 MaxRequestsPerChild 1500</IfModule>
2 apache-keepalive
Timeout 120 #與nginx的保持一至KeepAlive OnMaxKeepAliveRequests 400KeepAliveTimeout 7
第4部分:PHP的優化
優化一:將PHP由之前的xcache換成eaccelerator
1 安裝
wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/0.9.5.3/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3//usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php5/bin/php-configmakemake install
注:PHP路徑以安裝為準!
2 配置
sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"/nextension = "memcache.so"/n#' /etc/php.inised -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /etc/php.inised -i "s#; always_populate_raw_post_data = On#always_populate_raw_post_data = On#g" /etc/php.ini
配置eAccelerator加速PHP：
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cachevi /etc/php.ini
按shift+g鍵跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：
[eaccelerator]zend_extension="/usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"eaccelerator.shm_size="128"eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"eaccelerator.enable="1"eaccelerator.optimizer="1"eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"eaccelerator.debug="0"eaccelerator.filter=""eaccelerator.shm_max="0"eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"eaccelerator.shm_only="0"eaccelerator.compress="1"eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
優化二:聯系開發重新編譯php減少php的模塊.以減少php進程所占用內存數.這塊盡管影響不大,但也有一定的作用.編譯前也可以參照nginx的編譯器優化方式安裝.
第5部分:測試并啟動nginx
ulimit -SHn 51200/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
第6部分:nginx日志切割腳本
#!/bin/bash# This script run at 00:00# The Nginx logs pathlogs_path="/exp/nginxlogs/"mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/mv ${logs_path}bbs.linuxtone_access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/bbs.linuxtone_access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").logkill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`crontab -e
00 00 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持VEVB武林網。
新聞熱點
疑難解答
