Solaris系統管理培訓（第四章：軟件包管理）
2024-07-26 00:29:50
供稿：網友
所有Solaris系統的軟件都以包的形式出現。
軟件包包含：
軟件包的描述文件
系統需求的描述文件
需要安裝的文件
安裝前以及安裝后需要運行的腳本
The pkgadd command
用于安裝軟件包
pkgadd [ -d [device | pathname ]] pkg_name
# pkgadd -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_2.7/PRoduct SUNWaudio
Processing package instance from
Audio applications
(sparc) 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13
Copyright 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Using as the package base directory.
## Processing package information.
## Processing system information.
2 package pathnames are already properly installed.
## Verifying package dependencies.
## Verifying disk space requirements.
## Checking for conflicts with packages already installed.
## Checking for setuid/setgid programs.
This package contains scripts which will be executed with super-user
permission during the process of installing this package.
Do you want to continue with the installation of [y,n,?] y
Installing Audio applications as
## Installing part 1 of 1.
Installation of was successful.
The pkginfo command
不加任何參數用于查看系統已經安裝的軟件包
# pkginfo | more
application SUNWAxg Solaris XGL 3.3 AnswerBook
application SUNWaadm Solaris 7 System Administrator Collection
system SUNWab2m Solaris Documentation Server Lookup
system SUNWab2r Solaris Documentation Server
system SUNWab2s Solaris Documentation Server
system SUNWab2u Solaris Documentation Server
application SUNWabda Sun Ultra 5/10 Hardware AnswerBook
application SUNWabe Solaris 7 User Collection
application SUNWabsdk Solaris 7 Software Developer Collection
The pkginfo Command
后面可跟一些參數，顯示特定某個軟件包的信息
Command Format
pkginfo [ -d [ device | pathname ] ] [ -l ] pkg_name
參數
-d device 指定軟件所在的位置，可以是目錄、磁帶機、軟盤等等
-l 顯示詳細信息
pkg_name 軟件包名
輸出列
CATEGORY 軟件包的類型，是“應用軟件”和是“系統軟件”
PKGINST 軟件包名，如果是SUNW打頭，則是SUN的產品
NAME 軟件的簡要描述
# pkginfo -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_2.7/Product -l SUNWaudio
PKGINST: SUNWaudio
NAME: Audio applications
CATEGORY: system
ARCH: sparc
VERSION: 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13
BASEDIR: /
VENDOR: Sun Microsystems, Inc.
DESC: Audio binaries
PSTAMP: dtbuild37s19980813171753
HOTLINE: Please contact your local service provider
STATUS: spooled
FILES: 9 spooled pathnames
2 directories
3 executables
4 package information files
700 blocks used (approx)
The pkgrm Command
Command Format
pkgrm package_name
用于刪除軟件包
# pkgrm SUNWaudio
The following package is currently installed:
SUNWaudio Audio applications
(sparc) 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13
Do you want to remove this package? y
## Removing installed package instance
## Verifying package dependencies.
WARNING:
The package depends on the package
currently being removed.
WARNING:
The package depends on the package
currently being removed.
WARNING:
The package depends on the package
currently being removed.
WARNING:
The package depends on the package
currently being removed.
Dependency checking failed.
Do you want to continue with the removal of this package [y,n,?,q]
如果某個文件被多個包共享，則當最后一個包被刪除時才被刪除。
The pkgchk Command
用于檢查已安裝的軟件包
Command Format
pkgchk [ -p path1 [ path2...] ]
# pkgchk SUNWaudio
#
# pkgchk -p /etc/group
ERROR: /etc/group
file size <278> expected <282> actual
file cksum <23586> expected <24038> actual
pkgchk命令校驗包的屬性和內容是否與系統記錄的一致。
這個命令能檢測整個包或是某個文件。沒有輸出表示包已經安裝，但未發現不一致。
admintool圖形管理工具
admintool是solaris圖形管理工具，包括管理軟件包、主機名、主機地址、打印機、串口、用戶、用戶組等。
