Spring官網上有一篇Getting Start，介紹了如何使用Docker發布Spring Boot應用，算是比較詳細了，不過有些細節沒有提及到，而且官網的入門手冊是英文版。這里重新整理記錄一下，算是給英文不好的小伙伴一個參考，也給自己留個備忘。
準備
需要的工具以及運行環境：
創建工程
首先，你需要創建一個Spring Boot工程，Spring Tool Suite和IntelliJ IDEA都自帶插件可以創建，還有一種方式是從http://start.spring.io/上創建，推薦使用這種方式。填好表單中的Group Id和Artifact Id之后，點擊Generate Project按鈕就可以生成了，將下載后的工程導入到你喜歡的IDE中。
修改pom.xml文件，添加docker-maven-plugin：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.matrixstudio.springboot</groupId> <artifactId>docker</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>docker</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <docker.image.prefix>springio</docker.image.prefix> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> <!-- Docker maven plugin --> <plugin> <groupId>com.spotify</groupId> <artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>0.4.3</version> <configuration> <imageName>${docker.image.prefix}/${project.artifactId}</imageName> <dockerDirectory>src/main/docker</dockerDirectory> <resources> <resource> <targetPath>/</targetPath> <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory> <include>${project.build.finalName}.jar</include> </resource> </resources> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>docker-maven-plugin插件用于將Spring Boot工程構建為Docker鏡像：
打開DockerApplication.java文件，修改成如下內容：
package org.matrixstudio.springboot;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@SpringBootApplication@RestControllerpublic class DockerApplication { @RequestMapping("/") public String home() { return "Hello Docker World"; } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DockerApplication.class, args); }}編譯并運行
執行如下命令運行Spring Boot工程：
mvn package && java -jar target/docker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
打開瀏覽器，輸入http://localhost:8080，如果出現“Hello Docker World”說明運行成功。
注：運行上面的命令時，需要從Maven官方倉庫中下載很多依賴包，國內網絡不太穩定，下載速度較慢，可考慮使用第三方提供的鏡像站，比如阿里的Maven鏡像倉庫。在pom.xml中加入下面配置：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.matrixstudio.springboot</groupId> <artifactId>docker</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <!-- Dependencies --> ...... <!-- Build --> ...... <!-- Aliyun repository --> <repositories> <repository> <id>central</id> <name>aliyun</name> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> </repository> </repositories></project>
容器化項目
首先要確保你的機器上安裝了Docker，如果你的Docker安裝在一臺Linux服務器上，你需要將上面的Spring Boot工程上傳到該服務器上，下面的步驟假設你是在Linux環境上操作。
創建Dockerfile
Docker使用一個名為Dockerfile的文件來指定image層，所以我們首先需要創建一個Dockerfile文件，執行下面的命令創建Dockerfile文件：
sudo tee src/main/docker/Dockerfile <<-'EOF'FROM frolvlad/alpine-oraclejdk8:slimVOLUME /tmpADD docker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar app.jarRUN sh -c 'touch /app.jar'ENV JAVA_OPTS=""ENTRYPOINT [ "sh", "-c", "java $JAVA_OPTS -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom -jar /app.jar" ]EOF
大概解釋一下上面的命令：
構建Docker鏡像
運行下面的命令構建Docker鏡像：
mvn package docker:build
構建完成后，運行下面的命令查看：
sudo docker images
結果為：
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
springio/docker latest 7e2ba2f7e81e 2 minutes ago 195 MB
frolvlad/alpine-oraclejdk8 slim 00d8610f052e 4 days ago 167 MB
可以看到我們構建的鏡像已經出現了，下一步就是運行該鏡像。
運行Docker鏡像
執行下面的命令來運行上一步構建的Docker鏡像：
sudo docker run -p 8080:8080 -t springio/docker
如果不出意外，你將看到下面的輸出內容：
. ____ _ __ _ _ /// / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ / / / /( ( )/___ | '_ | '_| | '_ // _` | / / / / /// ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_/__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v1.5.2.RELEASE)2017-03-08 03:34:59.434 INFO 6 --- [ main] o.m.springboot.DockerApplication : Starting DockerApplication v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT on 00eed53e6928 with PID 6 (/app.jar started by root in /)2017-03-08 03:34:59.445 INFO 6 --- [ main] o.m.springboot.DockerApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default2017-03-08 03:34:59.752 INFO 6 --- [ main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@4b9af9a9: startup date [Wed Mar 08 03:34:59 GMT 2017]; root of context hierarchy2017-03-08 03:35:03.755 INFO 6 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)2017-03-08 03:35:03.807 INFO 6 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service Tomcat2017-03-08 03:35:03.821 INFO 6 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.112017-03-08 03:35:04.042 INFO 6 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext2017-03-08 03:35:04.043 INFO 6 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 4303 ms2017-03-08 03:35:04.441 INFO 6 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]2017-03-08 03:35:04.455 INFO 6 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]2017-03-08 03:35:04.457 INFO 6 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]2017-03-08 03:35:04.468 INFO 6 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]2017-03-08 03:35:04.468 INFO 6 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]2017-03-08 03:35:05.110 INFO 6 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@4b9af9a9: startup date [Wed Mar 08 03:34:59 GMT 2017]; root of context hierarchy2017-03-08 03:35:05.390 INFO 6 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/]}" onto public java.lang.String org.matrixstudio.springboot.DockerApplication.home()2017-03-08 03:35:05.402 INFO 6 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)2017-03-08 03:35:05.404 INFO 6 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)2017-03-08 03:35:05.512 INFO 6 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]2017-03-08 03:35:05.512 INFO 6 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]2017-03-08 03:35:05.639 INFO 6 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]2017-03-08 03:35:06.019 INFO 6 --- [ main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup2017-03-08 03:35:06.168 INFO 6 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)2017-03-08 03:35:06.183 INFO 6 --- [ main] o.m.springboot.DockerApplication : Started DockerApplication in 7.893 seconds (JVM running for 8.743)2017-03-08 03:35:56.728 INFO 6 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'2017-03-08 03:35:56.728 INFO 6 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started2017-03-08 03:35:56.774 INFO 6 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 43 ms執行以下命令，查看正在運行的Docker容器：
sudo docker ps
可以看到已經有一個Docker容器在運行了：
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES00eed53e6928 springio/docker "sh -c 'java $JAVA..." About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp fervent_leavitt
現在輸入http://localhost:8080可以查看到“Hello Docker World”結果。
如果要停止容器，可以執行下面的命令：
sudo docker stop 00e
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持VeVb武林網。
新聞熱點
疑難解答
圖片精選
