詳解純css實現瀑布流（multi-column多列及flex布局）

2024-07-11 08:59:22

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瀑布流的布局自我感覺還是很吸引人的，最近又看到實現瀑布流這個做法，在這里記錄下，特別的，感覺flex布局實現瀑布流還是有點懵的樣子，不過現在就可以明白它的原理了

1.multi-column多列布局實現瀑布流

先簡單的講下multi-column相關的部分屬性

column-count設置列數column-gap設置列與列之間的間距column-width設置每列的寬度

還要結合在子容器中設置break-inside防止多列布局，分頁媒體和多區域上下文中的意外中斷

break-inside屬性值

auto 指定既不強制也不禁止元素內的頁/列中斷。
avoid 指定避免元素內的分頁符。
avoid-page 指定避免元素內的分頁符。
avoid-column 指定避免元素內的列中斷。
avoid-region 指定避免元素內的區域中斷。

截取了部分，可自己填充

/* html文件 */<!-- 使用multi-columns實現瀑布流 --><div id="root">    <div class="item">        <img class="itemImg" src="../images/1.jpeg" alt=""/>        <div class="userInfo">            <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>            <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>        </div>    </div>    <div class="item">        <img class="itemImg" src="../images/2.jpg" alt=""/>        <div class="userInfo">            <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>            <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>        </div>    </div>    <div class="item">        <img class="itemImg" src="../images/3.jpg" alt=""/>        <div class="userInfo">            <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>            <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>        </div>    </div>    <div class="item">        <img class="itemImg" src="../images/4.jpg" alt=""/>        <div class="userInfo">            <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>            <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>        </div>    </div>    <div class="item">        <img class="itemImg" src="../images/5.jpeg" alt=""/>        <div class="userInfo">            <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>            <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>        </div>    </div></div>

/* css樣式 */body {    background: #e5e5e5;}/* 瀑布流最外層 */#root {     margin: 0 auto;     width: 1200px;     column-count: 5;     column-width: 240px;     column-gap: 20px;}/* 每一列圖片包含層 */.item {     margin-bottom: 10px;     /* 防止多列布局，分頁媒體和多區域上下文中的意外中斷 */     break-inside: avoid;     background: #fff;}.item:hover {     box-shadow: 2px 2px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);}/* 圖片 */.itemImg {     width: 100%;     vertical-align: middle;}/* 圖片下的信息包含層 */.userInfo {     padding: 5px 10px;}.avatar {     vertical-align: middle;     width: 30px;     height: 30px;     border-radius: 50%;}.username {     margin-left: 5px;     text-shadow: 2px 2px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);}

2.flex布局實現瀑布流將外層設置為row布局，然后再設置一個容器并設置為column布局，它是將列作為一個整體，然后在對列進行劃分，在列里進行寬固定來實現的

/* html文件（只截取兩列布局）*/<div id="root">    <div class="itemContainer">        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/1.jpeg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/2.jpg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/3.jpg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/4.jpg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/5.jpeg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/6.jpeg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/7.jpeg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>    </div>    <div class="itemContainer">        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/5.jpeg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/7.jpeg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/6.jpeg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/5.jpeg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/6.jpeg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>        <div class="item">            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/6.jpeg" alt=""/>            <div class="userInfo">                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>                <span class="username">牽起你的左手護著你</span>            </div>        </div>    </div></div>

/* css文件 */body{   background: #e5e5e5;}#root{    display: flex;    flex-direction: row;    margin: 0 auto;    width: 1200px;}.itemContainer{    margin-right: 10px;    flex-direction: column;    width: 240px;}.item{   margin-bottom: 10px;   background: #fff;}.itemImg{   width: 100%;}.userInfo {   padding: 5px 10px;}.avatar {   vertical-align: middle;   width: 30px;   height: 30px;   border-radius: 50%;}.username {   margin-left: 5px;   text-shadow: 2px 2px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);}