主機： CentOS release 6.4 (Final)
目的：從/home分區分出100G來創建新分區/vm
參考：
http://ryanclouser.com/?p=66
http://falstaff.agner.ch/2013/12/22/online-resize-root-filesystem-on-a-gpt-partition/
http://blog.zepsikopat.net/2011/07/22/resize-an-ext4-partition-on-a-gpt-disk/
http://superuser.com/questions/660309/live-resize-of-a-gpt-partition-on-linux
1. 查看當前分區情況
[root@tanghuimin/]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 ext4 9.7G 6.6G 2.6G 72% / tmpfs tmpfs 1.8G 280K 1.8G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 ext4 426G 37G 368G 10% /home /dev/sda2 ext4 20G 4.2G 15G 23% /opt |
/home分區在/dev/sda1.
2. gdisk /dev/sda
?: 打印gdisk下命令的用法
p: 查看分區表
b:備份分區表，以便后面操作失誤可以恢復分區表
[root@tanghuimin~]# gdisk /dev/sda GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10 Partition table scan: MBR: PRotective BSD: not present APM: not present GPT: present Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT. Command (?for help): ? bback up GPT data to a file cchange a partition's name ddelete a partition ishow detailed information on a partition llist known partition types nadd a new partition ocreate a new empty GUID partition table (GPT) pprint the partition table QQuit without saving changes rrecovery and transformation options (experts only) ssort partitions tchange a partition's type code vverify disk wwrite table to disk and exit xextra functionality (experts only) ?print this menu Command (?for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 976773168 sectors, 465.8 GiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): FB42D8BC-9B54-4B3B-A16C-A39A39B902FF Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 976773134 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 2029 sectors (1014.5 KiB) Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name 1 2048 907141119 432.6 GiB 0700 2 907141120 948101119 19.5 GiB 0700 3 948101120 968581119 9.8 GiB EF00 4 968581120 976773119 3.9 GiB 8200 Command (?for help): b Enter backup filename to save: /root/gpt.sda.bak The Operation has completed successfully. |
3. 卸載即將被調整的分區/home
[root@tanghuimin~]# umount /home/ [root@tanghuimin ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 ext4 9.7G 6.6G 2.6G 72% / tmpfs tmpfs 1.8G 296K 1.8G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda2 ext4 20G 4.2G 15G 23% /opt |
4. 檢測文件系統錯誤
[root@tanghuimin~]# e2fsck -f /dev/sda1 e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information /dev/sda1: 268432/28352512 files (0.1% non-contiguous),11359488/113392384 blocks |
5. 用resize2fs調整文件系統大小
[root@tanghuimin~]# resize2fs /dev/sda1 326G resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Resizing the filesystem on /dev/sda1 to 85458944 (4k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/sda1 is now 85458944 blocks long. |
6. 用gdisk調整分區大小，先用d刪除分區，后用n創建分區
[root@tanghuimin ~]# gdisk /dev/sda GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10 Partition table scan: MBR: protective BSD: not present APM: not present GPT: present Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT. Command (? for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 976773168 sectors, 465.8 GiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): FB42D8BC-9B54-4B3B-A16C-A39A39B902FF Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 976773134 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 2029 sectors (1014.5 KiB) Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name 1 2048 907141119 432.6 GiB 0700 2 907141120 948101119 19.5 GiB 0700 3 948101120 968581119 9.8 GiB EF00 4 968581120 976773119 3.9 GiB 8200 Command (?for help): d Partition number (1-4): 1 Command (? for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 976773168 sectors, 465.8 GiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): FB42D8BC-9B54-4B3B-A16C-A39A39B902FF Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 976773134 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 907141101 sectors (432.6 GiB) Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name 2 907141120 948101119 19.5 GiB 0700 3 948101120 968581119 9.8 GiB EF00 4 968581120 976773119 3.9 GiB 8200 Command (?for help): n Partition number (1-128, default 1): First sector (34-976773134, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: Last sector (2048-907141119, default = 907141119) or{+-}size{KMGTP}: 326G Current type is 'Linux filesystem' Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem' Command(? for help): w Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILLOVERWRITE EXISTING PARTITIONS!! Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda. Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table. The new table will be used at the next reboot. The operation has completed successfully. |
分區大小調整完畢。
7. 將/dev/sda1掛載到/home
[root@tanghuimin ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 ext4 9.7G 6.6G 2.6G 72% / tmpfs tmpfs 1.8G 296K 1.8G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda2 ext4 20G 4.2G 15G 23% /opt [root@tanghuimin~]# mount /dev/sda1 /home/ [root@tanghuimin ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 ext4 9.7G 6.6G 2.6G 72% / tmpfs tmpfs 1.8G 296K 1.8G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda2 ext4 20G 4.2G 15G 23% /opt /dev/sda1 ext4 321G 37G 269G 12% /home |
reboot.
8. 在/dev/sda所有free的空間上創建新分區
[root@tanghuimin ~]# gdisk /dev/sda GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10 Partition table scan: MBR: protective BSD: not present APM: not present GPT: present Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT. Command (? for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 976773168 sectors, 465.8 GiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): FB42D8BC-9B54-4B3B-A16C-A39A39B902FF Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 976773134 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 221374444 sectors (105.6 GiB) Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name 1 2048 685768704 327.0 GiB 8300 Linuxfilesystem 2 907141120 948101119 19.5 GiB 0700 3 948101120 968581119 9.8 GiB EF00 4 968581120 976773119 3.9 GiB 8200 Command (?for help): n Partition number (5-128, default 5): First sector (34-976773134, default = 685770752) or{+-}size{KMGTP}: Last sector (685770752-907141119, default = 907141119) or{+-}size{KMGTP}: Current type is 'Linux filesystem' Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem' Command (?for help): w Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILLOVERWRITE EXISTING PARTITIONS!! Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda. Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table. The new table will be used at the next reboot. The operation has completed successfully. |
9. 將新分區的文件系統類型設為ext4
[root@tanghuimin~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda5 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=1 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 6922240 inodes, 27671296 blocks 1383564 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 845 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632,2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mountsor 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i tooverride. |
10. 將新分區/dev/sda5掛載到/vm
[root@tanghuimin~]# mount /dev/sda5 /vm [root@tanghuimin ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 ext4 9.7G 6.6G 2.6G 72% / tmpfs tmpfs 1.8G 224K 1.8G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 ext4 321G 37G 269G 12% /home /dev/sda2 ext4 20G 4.2G 15G 23% /opt /dev/sda5 ext4 104G 188M 99G 1% /vm |
11.在/etc/fstab中添加如下行，使在系統啟動時/dev/sda5被掛載到/vm
/dev/sda5/vmext4defaults12 |
reboot.
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