MongoDB入門(mén)教程之C#驅(qū)動(dòng)操作實(shí)例

2020-10-29 18:53:13

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供稿：網(wǎng)友

作為系列的最后一篇，得要說(shuō)說(shuō)C#驅(qū)動(dòng)對(duì)mongodb的操作，目前驅(qū)動(dòng)有兩種：官方驅(qū)動(dòng)和samus驅(qū)動(dòng)，不過(guò)我個(gè)人還是喜歡后者，

因?yàn)樘峁┝素S富的linq操作，相當(dāng)方便。

官方驅(qū)動(dòng)：https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-csharp-driver/downloads。下載后，還提供了一個(gè)酷似msdn的幫助文檔。

samus驅(qū)動(dòng)：https://github.com/samus/mongodb-csharp/downloads。

下面就具體看看samus驅(qū)動(dòng)，https://github.com/samus/mongodb-csharp/blob/master/examples/Simple/Main.cs上面提供了

一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的demo，大體上看看我們就知道怎么玩了。

一：實(shí)踐

1：我們建立一個(gè)Person實(shí)體，MongoAlias特性表示取別名，這里的ID值將會(huì)覆蓋掉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)自動(dòng)生成的_id。

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

#region 數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)體
    /// <summary>
/// 數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)體
/// </summary>
    public class Person
    {
        [MongoAlias("_id")]
        public string ID { get; set; }

public string Name { get; set; }

public int Age { get; set; }

        public DateTime CreateTime { get; set; }
    }
    #endregion

2：初始化一些變量

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

string connectionString = string.Empty;

string databaseName = string.Empty;

string collectionName = string.Empty;

static MongodbHelper<T> mongodb;

        #region 初始化操作
/// <summary>
/// 初始化操作
/// </summary>
        public MongodbHelper()
        {
            connectionString = "Server=127.0.0.1:2222";
            databaseName = "shopex";
            collectionName = "person";
        }
        #endregion

3：為了方便T的繼承類(lèi)使用linq功能，我們還需要映射一下。

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

#region 實(shí)現(xiàn)linq查詢的映射配置
        /// <summary>
/// 實(shí)現(xiàn)linq查詢的映射配置
/// </summary>
        public MongoConfiguration configuration
        {
            get
            {
                var config = new MongoConfigurationBuilder();

                config.Mapping(mapping =>
                {
                    mapping.DefaultProfile(profile =>
                    {
                        profile.SubClassesAre(t => t.IsSubclassOf(typeof(T)));
                    });
                    mapping.Map<T>();
                    mapping.Map<T>();
                });

config.ConnectionString(connectionString);

                return config.BuildConfiguration();
            }
        }
        #endregion

4：下面是一些基本的CURD的代碼，跟寫(xiě)EF代碼很類(lèi)似，寫(xiě)起來(lái)好舒服。

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

#region 插入操作
        /// <summary>
/// 插入操作
/// </summary>
/// <param name="person"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public void Insert(T t)
        {
            using (Mongo mongo = new Mongo(configuration))
            {
                try
                {
                    mongo.Connect();

var db = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName);

var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName);

collection.Insert(t, true);

mongo.Disconnect();

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    mongo.Disconnect();
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 更新操作
        /// <summary>
/// 更新操作
/// </summary>
/// <param name="person"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public void Update(T t, Expression<Func<T, bool>> func)
        {
            using (Mongo mongo = new Mongo(configuration))
            {
                try
                {
                    mongo.Connect();

var db = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName);

var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName);

collection.Update<T>(t, func, true);

mongo.Disconnect();

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    mongo.Disconnect();
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 獲取集合
        /// <summary>
///獲取集合
/// </summary>
/// <param name="person"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public List<T> List(int pageIndex, int pageSize, Expression<Func<T, bool>> func, out int pageCount)
        {
            pageCount = 0;

            using (Mongo mongo = new Mongo(configuration))
            {
                try
                {
                    mongo.Connect();

var db = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName);

var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName);

pageCount = Convert.ToInt32(collection.Count());

var personList = collection.Linq().Where(func).Skip(pageSize * (pageIndex - 1))
.Take(pageSize).Select(i => i).ToList();

mongo.Disconnect();

return personList;

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    mongo.Disconnect();
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 讀取單條記錄
        /// <summary>
///讀取單條記錄
/// </summary>
/// <param name="person"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public T Single(Expression<Func<T, bool>> func)
        {
            using (Mongo mongo = new Mongo(configuration))
            {
                try
                {
                    mongo.Connect();

var db = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName);

var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName);

var single = collection.Linq().FirstOrDefault(func);

mongo.Disconnect();

return single;

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    mongo.Disconnect();
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 刪除操作
        /// <summary>
/// 刪除操作
/// </summary>
/// <param name="person"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
        public void Delete(Expression<Func<T, bool>> func)
        {
            using (Mongo mongo = new Mongo(configuration))
            {
                try
                {
                    mongo.Connect();

var db = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName);

var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName);

//這個(gè)地方要注意，一定要加上T參數(shù)，否則會(huì)當(dāng)作object類(lèi)型處理
//導(dǎo)致刪除失敗
collection.Remove<T>(func);

mongo.Disconnect();

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    mongo.Disconnect();
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

5. 好，我們開(kāi)一下2222端口，由于前前篇我已經(jīng)把這個(gè)mongodb做成了服務(wù)，現(xiàn)在就直接連過(guò)去了，并做一下對(duì)Name的索引。

6. 一切準(zhǔn)備妥當(dāng)，我們做下基本的操作，比如這里我添加一千條數(shù)據(jù)，注意我開(kāi)啟的是安全模式，如果插入不成功，將會(huì)拋出異常。

<1> Add:

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
MongodbHelper<Person> helper = new MongodbHelper<Person>();

            //插入1000條數(shù)據(jù)
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
            {
                helper.Insert(new Person()
                {
                    ID = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
                    Name = "jack" + i,
                    Age = i,
                    CreateTime = DateTime.Now
                });
            }

Console.WriteLine("插入成功");

Console.Read();
}

乍一看顯示的數(shù)據(jù)以為有問(wèn)題，為什么沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)jack0或者jack999，不過(guò)find的一下后心情舒坦了。

<2> update: 這里就把jack941的名字改掉“mary”

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
MongodbHelper<Person> helper = new MongodbHelper<Person>();

            //修改jack941改成mary
            var single = helper.Single(i => i.Name == "jack941");
            single.Name = "mary";
            helper.Update(single, i => i.ID == single.ID);

            Console.WriteLine("修改成功");
            Console.Read();
        }

<3>Delete：刪除mary這條記錄

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
MongodbHelper<Person> helper = new MongodbHelper<Person>();

//刪除mary這個(gè)記錄
helper.Delete(i => i.Name == "mary");

            Console.WriteLine("刪除成功");
            Console.Read();
        }

<4> list操作：這里我獲取一下名字里面帶9的人數(shù)列表

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
MongodbHelper<Person> helper = new MongodbHelper<Person>();

int pagecount;

//獲取名字里面帶9的人數(shù)
var list = helper.List(1, 20, i => i.Name.Contains("9"), out pagecount);

Console.Read();
}

總的運(yùn)行代碼

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Linq.Expressions;

using MongoDB.Configuration;
using MongoDB.Linq;
using MongoDB.Attributes;

namespace MongoDB.Test
{
    public class MongodbHelper<T> where T : class
    {
        string connectionString = string.Empty;

string databaseName = string.Empty;

string collectionName = string.Empty;

static MongodbHelper<T> mongodb;

        #region 初始化操作
        /// <summary>
/// 初始化操作
/// </summary>
        public MongodbHelper()
        {
            connectionString = "Server=127.0.0.1:2222";
            databaseName = "shopex";
            collectionName = "person";
        }
        #endregion

config.ConnectionString(connectionString);

                return config.BuildConfiguration();
            }
        }
        #endregion

var db = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName);

var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName);

collection.Insert(t, true);

mongo.Disconnect();

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    mongo.Disconnect();
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

var db = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName);

var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName);

collection.Update<T>(t, func, true);

mongo.Disconnect();

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    mongo.Disconnect();
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

            using (Mongo mongo = new Mongo(configuration))
            {
                try
                {
                    mongo.Connect();

var db = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName);

var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName);

pageCount = Convert.ToInt32(collection.Count());

var personList = collection.Linq().Where(func).Skip(pageSize * (pageIndex - 1))
.Take(pageSize).Select(i => i).ToList();

mongo.Disconnect();

return personList;

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    mongo.Disconnect();
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

var db = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName);

var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName);

var single = collection.Linq().FirstOrDefault(func);

mongo.Disconnect();

return single;

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    mongo.Disconnect();
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

var db = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName);

var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName);

//這個(gè)地方要注意，一定要加上T參數(shù)，否則會(huì)當(dāng)作object類(lèi)型處理
//導(dǎo)致刪除失敗
collection.Remove<T>(func);

mongo.Disconnect();

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    mongo.Disconnect();
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion
    }