現(xiàn)在項(xiàng)目上用redis的話，很少說(shuō)不用集群的情況，畢竟如果生產(chǎn)上只有一臺(tái)redis會(huì)有極大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，比如機(jī)器掛掉，或者內(nèi)存爆掉，就比如我們生產(chǎn)環(huán)境曾今也遭遇到這種情況，導(dǎo)致redis內(nèi)存不夠掛掉的情況，當(dāng)然這些都是我們及其不能容忍的，第一個(gè)必須要做到高可靠，其次才是高性能，好了，下面我來(lái)逐一搭建一下。
一：Redis集群搭建
1. 下載
首先去官網(wǎng)下載較新的3.2.0版本，下載方式還是非常簡(jiǎn)單的，比如官網(wǎng)介紹的這樣。
$ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.0.tar.gz$ tar xzf redis-3.2.0.tar.gz$ cd redis-3.2.0$ make
2. redis配置
由于我們要做集群，而且還要redis自帶的redis-trib.rb 能正常運(yùn)行，我們需要在集群中開啟三臺(tái)master，三臺(tái)slave，所以這里我需要建立6個(gè)文件夾，而且文件夾的名稱就使用端口地址的名字，比如：6389. 6380....6384。
3. config配置。
現(xiàn)在directory的分布情況大致如上圖，接下來(lái)要做的事情就是配置redis.conf了，在這里需要配置四個(gè)選項(xiàng)。。。
<1> port 端口地址，比如6380文件夾下面的port就是6380，
# Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379 (IANA #815344).# If port 0 is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket.port 6379
<2> cluster-enabled 和 cluster-config-file
這個(gè)顧名思義，首先需要開啟redis的cluster模式，然后配置一個(gè)cluster-config-file文件，這個(gè)文件用于存放redis的實(shí)時(shí)信息，redis會(huì)動(dòng)態(tài)追加和修改這個(gè)conf下面的內(nèi)容信息，不過(guò)要記住，這個(gè)nodes-6379.conf 可以根據(jù) 端口文件夾依次配置，比如6380文件夾可以改成nodes-6380.conf這樣。。。
# Normal Redis instances can't be part of a Redis Cluster; only nodes that are# started as cluster nodes can. In order to start a Redis instance as a# cluster node enable the cluster support uncommenting the following:#cluster-enabled yes# Every cluster node has a cluster configuration file. This file is not# intended to be edited by hand. It is created and updated by Redis nodes.# Every Redis Cluster node requires a different cluster configuration file.# Make sure that instances running in the same system do not have# overlapping cluster configuration file names.#cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf
<3> directory
為了方便管理，我這里配置的root目錄取決于在哪個(gè)文件夾，比如6380下面我的dir就是: dir ./6380/
# Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.dir ./6379/
<4> protected-mode
這個(gè)是redis 3.2 才追加的一個(gè)功能，從功能注釋中，我們就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，這個(gè)默認(rèn)就是不讓外界可以訪問(wèn)redis，所以這里我們就改為no，可以遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn)。
# By default protected mode is enabled. You should disable it only if# you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to Redis# even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces# are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive.protected-mode no
ok，到現(xiàn)在為止，我們的config就修改完畢了，其他端口的文件夾也可以依次配置之~
二：開啟redis
到現(xiàn)在為止，各個(gè)端口文件夾都配置成功了，接下來(lái)準(zhǔn)備開啟了。
接下來(lái)我們可以看一下，在6379下面是不是有生成node-6379.conf文件，比如下面：
三：配置redis-trib.rb
因?yàn)閞edis-trib.rb是ruby寫的，而我們的電腦肯定是沒有ruby和一些配置依賴項(xiàng)，不過(guò)沒關(guān)系，有強(qiáng)大的yum安裝，一切都不是問(wèn)題。
1. 執(zhí)行replicas命令
[jack@localhost ~]$ cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384/usr/bin/env: ruby: No such file or directory[jack@localhost ~]$
可以看到ruby是沒有安裝的，所以下一步我們要安裝ruby了。。。
2. 安裝ruby 【一定要是管理員權(quán)限哦】
[jack@localhost ~]$ sudousage: sudo [-D level] -h | -K | -k | -Vusage: sudo -v [-AknS] [-D level] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user name|#uid]usage: sudo -l[l] [-AknS] [-D level] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-U user name] [-u user name|#uid] [-g groupname|#gid] [command]usage: sudo [-AbEHknPS] [-r role] [-t type] [-C fd] [-D level] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user name|#uid] [-g groupname|#gid] [VAR=value] [-i|-s] [<command>]usage: sudo -e [-AknS] [-r role] [-t type] [-C fd] [-D level] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user name|#uid] file ...[jack@localhost ~]$ suPassword: jacsu: incorrect password[jack@localhost ~]$ yum install rubyLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, securityYou need to be root to perform this command.[jack@localhost ~]$ jackbash: jack: command not found[jack@localhost ~]$ suPassword: [root@localhost jack]# yum install rubyLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, securityLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cnSetting up Install ProcessResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package ruby.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: ruby-libs = 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 for package: ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libruby.so.1.8()(64bit) for package: ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package ruby-libs.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: libreadline.so.5()(64bit) for package: ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package compat-readline5.x86_64 0:5.2-17.1.el6 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size================================================================================Installing: ruby x86_64 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 base 538 kInstalling for dependencies: compat-readline5 x86_64 5.2-17.1.el6 base 130 k ruby-libs x86_64 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 base 1.7 MTransaction Summary================================================================================Install 3 Package(s)Total download size: 2.3 MInstalled size: 7.8 MIs this ok [y/N]: yDownloading Packages:(1/3): compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 130 kB 00:00 (2/3): ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm | 538 kB 00:00 (3/3): ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm | 1.7 MB 00:02 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total 747 kB/s | 2.3 MB 00:03 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEYRetrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6Importing GPG key 0xC105B9DE: Userid : CentOS-6 Key (CentOS 6 Official Signing Key) <centos-6-key@centos.org> Package: centos-release-6-5.el6.centos.11.1.x86_64 (@anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6Is this ok [y/N]: yRunning rpm_check_debugRunning Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning Transaction Installing : compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64 1/3 Installing : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 2/3 Installing : ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 3/3 Verifying : compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64 1/3 Verifying : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 2/3 Verifying : ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 3/3 Installed: ruby.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 Dependency Installed: compat-readline5.x86_64 0:5.2-17.1.el6 ruby-libs.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 Complete![root@localhost jack]#
3. 安裝rubygems
接著我們?cè)俅芜\(yùn)行 replicas命令，看看會(huì)怎么樣。。。
[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384cluster/redis-trib.rb:24:in `require': no such file to load -- rubygems (LoadError) from cluster/redis-trib.rb:24[root@localhost jack]#
結(jié)果苦逼了，還是報(bào)錯(cuò)，看提示貌似是少了一個(gè)rubygems，這次我們還是通過(guò)yum安裝。
[root@localhost jack]# yum install -y rubygemsLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, securityLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cnSetting up Install ProcessResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package rubygems.noarch 0:1.3.7-5.el6 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: ruby-rdoc for package: rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch--> Running transaction check---> Package ruby-rdoc.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: ruby-irb = 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 for package: ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package ruby-irb.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size================================================================================Installing: rubygems noarch 1.3.7-5.el6 base 207 kInstalling for dependencies: ruby-irb x86_64 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 base 317 k ruby-rdoc x86_64 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 base 381 kTransaction Summary================================================================================Install 3 Package(s)Total download size: 905 kInstalled size: 3.0 MDownloading Packages:(1/3): ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm | 317 kB 00:00 (2/3): ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm | 381 kB 00:00 (3/3): rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch.rpm | 207 kB 00:00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total 625 kB/s | 905 kB 00:01 Running rpm_check_debugRunning Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning Transaction Installing : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 1/3 Installing : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 2/3 Installing : rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch 3/3 Verifying : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 1/3 Verifying : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 2/3 Verifying : rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch 3/3 Installed: rubygems.noarch 0:1.3.7-5.el6 Dependency Installed: ruby-irb.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 ruby-rdoc.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 Complete![root@localhost jack]#
4. 安裝redis驅(qū)動(dòng)
還是繼續(xù)不死心，我們繼續(xù)運(yùn)行replicas命令命令。
[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384/usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require': no such file to load -- redis (LoadError) from /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from cluster/redis-trib.rb:25[root@localhost jack]#
還是有問(wèn)題，這次貌似是一個(gè)gem_original_require沒有安裝，當(dāng)然這個(gè)一般是說(shuō)ruby版本太老了，所以現(xiàn)在親要么升級(jí)ruby版本，要么直接安裝ruby的redis驅(qū)動(dòng)。
[root@localhost jack]# gem install redisSuccessfully installed redis-3.3.01 gem installedInstalling ri documentation for redis-3.3.0...Installing RDoc documentation for redis-3.3.0...
6. 運(yùn)行replicas命令
終于貌似所有的依賴我們都解決了，接下來(lái)就可以真的執(zhí)行了。
[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384>>> Creating cluster>>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...Using 3 masters:192.168.161.133:6379192.168.161.133:6380192.168.161.133:6381Adding replica 192.168.161.133:6382 to 192.168.161.133:6379Adding replica 192.168.161.133:6383 to 192.168.161.133:6380Adding replica 192.168.161.133:6384 to 192.168.161.133:6381M: fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc 192.168.161.133:6379 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) masterM: 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8 192.168.161.133:6380 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) masterM: 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c 192.168.161.133:6381 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) masterS: c50b1ff1fe3a00b16703f3b5705d2dafe046240b 192.168.161.133:6382 replicates fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bcS: 8f7bd92f7ffb48e327820693a5820b5be7ea5556 192.168.161.133:6383 replicates 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8S: 4a85ed078b4c99afad7f3a9a8df09082c681a649 192.168.161.133:6384 replicates 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10cCan I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes>>> Nodes configuration updated>>> Assign a different config epoch to each node>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the clusterWaiting for the cluster to join....>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.161.133:6379)M: fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc 192.168.161.133:6379 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) masterM: 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8 192.168.161.133:6380 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) masterM: 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c 192.168.161.133:6381 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) masterM: c50b1ff1fe3a00b16703f3b5705d2dafe046240b 192.168.161.133:6382 slots: (0 slots) master replicates fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bcM: 8f7bd92f7ffb48e327820693a5820b5be7ea5556 192.168.161.133:6383 slots: (0 slots) master replicates 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8M: 4a85ed078b4c99afad7f3a9a8df09082c681a649 192.168.161.133:6384 slots: (0 slots) master replicates 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.>>> Check for open slots...>>> Check slots coverage...[OK] All 16384 slots covered.[root@localhost jack]#
從上面可以看到，trib程序告知我們是否用 6379，6380，6381 作為主， 6382，6383，6384作為從。。然后我就恩準(zhǔn)了。。就這樣我們的集群就創(chuàng)建好了
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