擴展磁盤空間
硬盤空間為20G，使用vSphere Client增加磁盤大小，需要再增加10G空間;
擴展完后，重啟系統，再次使用fdisk -l查看，會發現硬盤空間變大了；
[root@linuxprobe ~]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x0005210c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2 26 1301 10240000 83 Linux/dev/sda3 1301 1497 1572864 82 Linux swap / Solaris/dev/sda4 1497 2611 8952832 83 Linux[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -hTFilesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda2 ext4 9.7G 1.5G 7.7G 16% /tmpfs tmpfs 939M 0 939M 0% /dev/shm/dev/sda1 ext4 194M 34M 151M 19% /boot/dev/sda4 ext4 8.5G 148M 7.9G 2% /data
重新創建分區，調整分區信息
本次實驗主要對/dev/sda4這個分區擴展，如果是生產環境，請提前做好備份保存到其他分區，雖然擴展分區大小不會導致數據丟失，安全起見，請提前做好備份；
首先模擬出一些數據：
[root@linuxprobe data]# mkdir test[root@linuxprobe data]# echo "we are Linuxer" > linuxprobe[root@linuxprobe data]# lltotal 24-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 15 May 23 21:59 linuxprobedrwx------. 2 root root 16384 May 23 15:07 lost+founddrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May 23 21:51 test[root@linuxprobe ~]# umount /dev/sda4 #卸載磁盤分區
若提示磁盤忙，使用fuser找出將正在使用磁盤的程序并結束掉；
fuser -m -v /datafuser -m -v -i -k /data
使用fdisk工具先刪除/dev/sda4分區，然后創建新分區，注意開始的磁柱號要和原來的一致（是保證數據不丟失的關鍵步驟），結束的磁柱號默認回車使用全部磁盤。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# fdisk /dev/sdaWARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u').Command (m for help): p #查看分區表信息Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x0005210c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2 26 1301 10240000 83 Linux/dev/sda3 1301 1497 1572864 82 Linux swap / Solaris/dev/sda4 1497 2611 8952832 83 LinuxCommand (m for help): d #刪除分區Partition number (1-4): 4 #刪除第四個Command (m for help): p #再次查看分區信息，/dev/sda4已被刪除Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x0005210c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2 26 1301 10240000 83 Linux/dev/sda3 1301 1497 1572864 82 Linux swap / SolarisCommand (m for help): n #創建新的分區Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4)p #創建為主分區Selected partition 4First cylinder (1497-3916, default 1497): #經對比，正好和上一個磁盤柱一致，默認即可Using default value 1497Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1497-3916, default 3916): Using default value 3916 #直接默認就可以Command (m for help): p #查看分區表信息Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x0005210c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2 26 1301 10240000 83 Linux/dev/sda3 1301 1497 1572864 82 Linux swap / Solaris/dev/sda4 1497 3916 19436582 83 LinuxCommand (m for help): wp #保存并退出，如果創建有誤，直接退出不要保存即可The partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used atthe next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)Syncing disks. 
重新創建分區后，需要重啟一下；
[root@linuxprobe ~]# init 6[root@linuxprobe ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/sda4 #檢查分區信息[root@linuxprobe ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/sda4 #調整分區大小
重新掛載、查看分區大小、數據
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount /dev/sda4 /data[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -hT[root@linuxprobe ~]# cat /data/linuxprobewe are Linuxer
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