C++實現簡單的學生管理系統

2020-05-23 14:19:03

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本文給大家分享的是使用C++實現的簡單的學生管理系統的代碼，主要是通過鏈表來實現，非常簡潔，有需要的小伙伴可以參考下。

C++實現簡單的學生管理系統

//Student.cpp

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

struct Stu

{

char no[10];

char name[16];

int math;

int chi;

double ave;

};

class Student

{

public:

Stu st;

Student * next;

public:

Student(){}

Student(Stu s)

{

st=s;

next=NULL;

st.ave=(st.math+st.chi)/2.0;

}

void setst(Stu s)

{

st=s;

st.ave=(st.math+st.chi)/2.0;

}

Stu getst()

{

return st;

}

void show()

{

cout<<"----------------------------"<<endl;

cout<<"學號:"<<st.no<<endl;

cout<<"姓名:"<<st.name<<endl;

cout<<"數學成績:"<<st.math<<endl;

cout<<"語文成績:"<<st.chi<<endl;

cout<<"平均成績:"<<st.ave<<endl;

cout<<"----------------------------"<<endl;

}

};

//main.cpp

#include<fstream>

#include"Student.cpp"

using namespace std;

Student * create_List();

void traverse_List(Student * pHead);

bool is_empty(Student * pHead);

int length_List(Student * pHead);

bool insert_List(Student * pHead,int position,Stu st);

bool delete_List(Student * pHead,int position,Stu * st);

void sort_List(Student * pHead);

void menu_select();

void handle_menu(int s);

void outFile();

Student * inFile();

void delFile();

Student * pHead;

void main()

{

menu_select();

}

void menu_select()

{

int s;

cout<<"請輸入您要操作的選項:"<<endl;

cout<<"1.增加原始記錄"<<endl;

cout<<"2.按平均分排序顯示所有記錄"<<endl;

cout<<"3.保存原始文件"<<endl;

cout<<"4.讀取原始文件"<<endl;

cout<<"5.刪除原始文件"<<endl;

cout<<"6.插入單條記錄"<<endl;

cout<<"7.刪除單條記錄"<<endl;

cout<<"8.顯示記錄總條數"<<endl;

cout<<"9.結束程序運行"<<endl<<endl;

cout<<"左邊數字對應功能選擇,請選擇1-9:";

cin>>s;

handle_menu(s);

}

void handle_menu(int s)

{

switch (s)

{

case 1:

{

system("cls");

pHead=create_List();

system("cls");

menu_select();

break;

}

case 2:

{

if(NULL==pHead)

{

cout<<"記錄總條數為零"<<endl;

getchar();

getchar();

system("cls");

menu_select();

}

system("cls");

sort_List(pHead);

traverse_List(pHead);

getchar();

getchar();

system("cls");

menu_select();

break;

}

case 3:

{

if(pHead!=NULL)

{

system("cls");

outFile();

system("cls");

menu_select();

}

system("cls");

menu_select();

break;

}

case 4:

{

system("cls");

pHead=inFile();

system("cls");

menu_select();

break;

}

case 5:

{

system("cls");

delFile();

system("cls");

menu_select();

break;

}

case 6:

{

if(NULL==pHead)

{

cout<<"記錄總條數為零"<<endl;

getchar();

getchar();

system("cls");

menu_select();

}

system("cls");

int num;

Stu st;

traverse_List(pHead);

cout<<"您想在哪條記錄后插入,請輸入序號:";

cin>>num;

cout<<"編輯要插入的記錄:"<<endl;

cout<<"學號:";

cin>>st.no;

cout<<"姓名:";

cin>>st.name;

cout<<"數學成績:";

cin>>st.math;

cout<<"語文成績:";

cin>>st.chi;

if(insert_List(pHead,num-1,st))

{

cout<<"插入成功!"<<endl;

}

else

{

cout<<"插入失敗!"<<endl;

}

getchar();

getchar();

system("cls");

menu_select();

break;

}

case 7:

{

if(NULL==pHead)

{

cout<<"記錄總條數為零"<<endl;

getchar();

getchar();

system("cls");

menu_select();

}

int num;

Stu * st=(Stu *)malloc(sizeof(Stu));

traverse_List(pHead);

cout<<endl<<"請輸入您要刪除的記錄的序號:";

cin>>num;

if(delete_List(pHead,num,st))

{

cout<<endl<<"成功刪除的記錄如下:"<<endl;

cout<<"學號:"<<st->no<<endl<<"姓名:"<<st->name<<endl;

}

else

{

cout<<"刪除失敗!"<<endl;

}

getchar();

getchar();

system("cls");

menu_select();

break;

}

case 8:

{

if(NULL!=pHead)

{

system("cls");

cout<<"記錄總條數:"<<length_List(pHead)<<"條"<<endl;

getchar();

getchar();

system("cls");

menu_select();

}

else

{

cout<<"記錄總條數為零"<<endl;

getchar();

getchar();

system("cls");

menu_select();

}

break;

}

case 9:

{

system("cls");

cout<<"成功退出!"<<endl;

exit(0);

break;

}

}

}

void delFile()

{

ofstream fileout;

fileout.open("c://kcsj.txt",ios_base::out);

fileout<<"";

fileout.close();

}

Student * inFile()

{

Student * pHead=(Student *)malloc(sizeof(Student));

if(NULL==pHead)

{

cout<<"分配失敗,程序終止!"<<endl;

exit(0);

}

Student * pTail=pHead;

pTail->next=NULL;

ifstream in("c://kcsj.txt");

if (!in.is_open())

{

cout << "Error opening file"<<endl;

exit(0);

}

while (!in.eof())

{

Stu st;

in.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&st), sizeof(st));

if (in.fail())

{

break;

}

Student * pNew=new Student();

if(NULL==pNew)

{

printf("分配失敗,程序終止/n");

exit(0);

}

pNew->setst(st);

pTail->next=pNew;

pNew->next=NULL;

pTail=pNew;

}

in.close();

return pHead;

}

void outFile()

{

ofstream out;

out.open("c://kcsj.txt",ios_base::out|ios_base::app|ios::binary);

if(!out)

{

cout<<"文件不存在，退出時別忘記保存文件!"<<endl;

out.close();

out.open("stu.dat",ios_base::out|ios::binary);

}

else

{

out.close();

out.open("c://kcsj.txt",ios_base::out|ios_base::app|ios::binary);

}

Student * temp=pHead->next;

while(temp!=NULL)

{

Stu st=temp->getst();

out.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&st), sizeof(st));

temp=temp->next;

}

out.close();

}

Student * create_List()

{

int len;

Student * pHead=(Student *)malloc(sizeof(Student));

if(NULL==pHead)

{

cout<<"分配失敗,程序終止!"<<endl;

exit(0);

}

Student * pTail=pHead;

pTail->next=NULL;

cout<<"請輸入要存儲的學生人數:";

cin>>len;

for(int i=0;i<len;i++)

{

Stu st;

cout<<"請輸入第"<<i+1<<"個學生的學號:";

cin>>st.no;

cout<<"請輸入第"<<i+1<<"個學生的姓名:";

cin>>st.name;

cout<<"請輸入第"<<i+1<<"個學生的數學成績:";

cin>>st.math;

cout<<"請輸入第"<<i+1<<"個學生的語文成績:";

cin>>st.chi;

Student * pNew=new Student();

if(NULL==pNew)

{

printf("分配失敗,程序終止/n");

exit(0);

}

pNew->setst(st);

pTail->next=pNew;

pNew->next=NULL;

pTail=pNew;

}

return pHead;

}

void traverse_List(Student * pHead)

{

int i=1;

Student * temp=pHead->next;

while(temp!=NULL)

{

cout<<endl<<"序號:"<<i<<endl;

temp->show();

temp=temp->next;

i++;

}

}

bool is_empty(Student * pHead)

{

if(NULL==pHead->next)

{

return true;

}

else

{

return false;

}

}

int length_List(Student * pHead)

{

int len=0;

Student * temp=pHead->next;

while(temp)

{

len++;

temp=temp->next;

}

return len;

}

bool insert_List(Student * pHead,int position,Stu st)

{

int i=0;

Student * p=pHead;

while(NULL!=p&&i<position-1)

{

p=p->next;

i++;

}

if(i>position-i||NULL==p)

{

return false;

}

Student * pNew=(Student *)malloc(sizeof(Student));

if(NULL==pNew)

{

cout<<"分配失敗,程序終止"<<endl;

exit(0);

}

pNew->setst(st);

pNew->next=p->next;

p->next=pNew;

return true;

}

bool delete_List(Student * pHead,int position,Stu * st)

{

int i=0;

Student * p=pHead;

while(NULL!=p->next&&i<position-1)

{

p=p->next;

i++;

}

Student * q=p->next;

*st=q->getst();

p->next=p->next->next;

free(q);

q=NULL;

return true;

}

void sort_List(Student * pHead)

{

Student * p,* q;

Stu temp;

int i,j;

int len=length_List(pHead);

for(i=0,p=pHead->next;i<len-1;i++,p=p->next)

{

for(j=i+1,q=p->next;j<len;j++,q=q->next)

{

if(q->st.ave>p->st.ave)

{

temp=q->st;

q->st=p->st;

p->st=temp;

}

}

}

}