二叉樹中的元素自上而下地放置在數組中,易于遞歸實現,其實容器用于存儲前一個狀態實現循環以創建二叉樹,下面武林技術頻道就給大家介紹C++基于遞歸和非遞歸算法求二叉樹鏡像的方法。
具體如下:
/*求二叉樹鏡像 -- 采用遞歸和非遞歸方法經調試可運行源碼及分析如下:***/#include <stdlib.h>#include <iostream>#include <queue>using std::cout;using std::cin;using std::endl;using std::queue;/*二叉樹結點定義*/typedef struct BTreeNode{ char elem; struct BTreeNode *pleft; struct BTreeNode *pright;}BTreeNode;/*求二叉樹鏡像遞歸方式步驟:如果proot為NULL,則為空樹,返回;如果proot不為NULL,交換proot左右結點,然后分別求左右子樹的鏡像;*//*遞歸求二叉樹鏡像*/void get_bitree_mirror(BTreeNode* proot){ if (proot == NULL) return ; BTreeNode* temp_node = proot->pleft; proot->pleft = proot->pright; proot->pright = temp_node; get_bitree_mirror(proot->pleft); get_bitree_mirror(proot->pright); return ;}/*非遞歸方式步驟如下:借助隊列首先,將根節點proot入隊;第一步:當隊列非空時,獲取當前層次的節點總數,即當前隊列的長度;執行第二步;第二步:按照當前層的節點總數,出隊進行遍歷節點,在遍歷時, 交換左右節點,如果左右節點存在,則入隊; 當遍歷完當前層所有節點時,遍歷下一層,執行第一步。*/void get_bitree_mirror_leveltraverse(BTreeNode* proot){ if(proot == NULL) return ; queue <BTreeNode*> que; que.push(proot); int level_nodes_number = 0; while (!que.empty())//層次遍歷 { level_nodes_number = que.size(); int level_count = 0; while (level_count < level_nodes_number) { ++level_count; proot = que.front(); que.pop(); //交換左右子節點 BTreeNode* temp_node = proot->pleft; proot->pleft = proot->pright; proot->pright = temp_node; if(proot->pleft != NULL) que.push(proot->pleft); if(proot->pright != NULL) que.push(proot->pright); } } return ;}/*初始化二叉樹根節點*/BTreeNode* btree_init(BTreeNode* &bt){ bt = NULL; return bt;}/*先序創建二叉樹*/void pre_crt_tree(BTreeNode* &bt){ char ch; cin >> ch; if (ch == '#') { bt = NULL; } else { bt = new BTreeNode; bt->elem = ch; pre_crt_tree(bt->pleft); pre_crt_tree(bt->pright); }}/*先序遍歷*/void pre_order_traverse(BTreeNode* proot){ if(proot == NULL) return; cout<< proot->elem << " "; pre_order_traverse(proot->pleft); pre_order_traverse(proot->pright); return;}int main(){ int tree_node_number = 0; BTreeNode *bt; btree_init(bt);//初始化根節點 pre_crt_tree(bt);//創建二叉樹 cout << "先序遍歷輸出如下:" << endl; cout << "調用鏡像函數前:" << endl; pre_order_traverse(bt); cout << endl; get_bitree_mirror(bt); cout << "遞歸調用鏡像函數后:" << endl; pre_order_traverse(bt); cout << endl; cout << "非遞歸調用鏡像函數后:" << endl; get_bitree_mirror_leveltraverse(bt); pre_order_traverse(bt); cout << endl; system("pause"); return 0;}
/*運行結果:a b c # # # d e # # #------以上為輸入-----------------以下為輸出-----------先序遍歷輸出如下:調用鏡像函數前:a b c d e遞歸調用鏡像函數后:a d e b c非遞歸調用鏡像函數后:a b c d e請按任意鍵繼續. . .---------------------------------本例創建的二叉樹形狀: a b dc e調用遞歸求二叉樹鏡像形狀: ad b e c再次調用非遞歸求二叉樹鏡像形狀(即鏡像的鏡像): a b dc e*/以上就是武林技術頻道小編給大家介紹的C++基于遞歸和非遞歸算法求二叉樹鏡像的方法,如若您想要學習更多的技術專業知識可點擊進入js.Vevb.com。
新聞熱點
疑難解答
圖片精選