QT網絡編程Tcp下C/S架構的即時通信實例

2020-01-26 13:57:11

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來源：轉載

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先寫一個客戶端，實現簡單的，能加入聊天，以及加入服務器的界面。

#ifndef TCPCLIENT_H#define TCPCLIENT_H #include <QDialog>#include <QListWidget>#include <QLineEdit>#include <QPushButton>#include <QLabel>#include <QGridLayout>#include <QtNetWork/QHostAddress>#include <QtNetWork/QTcpSocket> class TcpClient : public QDialog{ Q_OBJECT public: TcpClient(QWidget *parent = 0,Qt::WindowFlags f=0); ~TcpClient();private: QListWidget *contentListWidget; QLineEdit *sendLineEdit; QPushButton *sendBtn; QLabel *userNameLabel; QLineEdit *userNameLineEdit; QLabel *serverIPLabel; QLineEdit *serverIPLineEdit; QLabel *portLabel; QLineEdit *portLineEdit; QPushButton *enterBtn; QGridLayout *mainLayout; bool status; int port; QHostAddress *serverIP; QString userName; QTcpSocket *tcpSocket;public slots: void slotEnter(); void slotConnected(); void slotDisconnected(); void dataReceived(); void slotSend();}; #endif // TCPCLIENT_H

有一個加入服務器的按鈕，還有一個發送消息的按鈕，在頭文件，先定義兩個函數。

#include "tcpclient.h"#include <QMessageBox>#include <QHostInfo> TcpClient::TcpClient(QWidget *parent,Qt::WindowFlags f) : QDialog(parent,f){ setWindowTitle(tr("TCP Client"));  contentListWidget = new QListWidget;  sendLineEdit = new QLineEdit; sendBtn = new QPushButton(tr("send"));  userNameLabel = new QLabel(tr("name")); userNameLineEdit = new QLineEdit;  serverIPLabel = new QLabel(tr("server")); serverIPLineEdit = new QLineEdit;  portLabel = new QLabel(tr("port")); portLineEdit = new QLineEdit;  enterBtn= new QPushButton(tr("join chat"));  mainLayout = new QGridLayout(this); mainLayout->addWidget(contentListWidget,0,0,1,2); mainLayout->addWidget(sendLineEdit,1,0); mainLayout->addWidget(sendBtn,1,1); mainLayout->addWidget(userNameLabel,2,0); mainLayout->addWidget(userNameLineEdit,2,1); mainLayout->addWidget(serverIPLabel,3,0); mainLayout->addWidget(serverIPLineEdit,3,1); mainLayout->addWidget(portLabel,4,0); mainLayout->addWidget(portLineEdit,4,1); mainLayout->addWidget(enterBtn,5,0,1,2);  status = false;  port = 8010; portLineEdit->setText(QString::number(port));  serverIP =new QHostAddress();  connect(enterBtn,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(slotEnter())); connect(sendBtn,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(slotSend()));  sendBtn->setEnabled(false);} TcpClient::~TcpClient(){ } void TcpClient::slotEnter(){ if(!status) {  QString ip = serverIPLineEdit->text();  if(!serverIP->setAddress(ip))  {   QMessageBox::information(this,tr("error"),tr("server ip address error!"));   return;  }   if(userNameLineEdit->text()=="")  {   QMessageBox::information(this,tr("error"),tr("User name error!"));   return;  }   userName=userNameLineEdit->text();   tcpSocket = new QTcpSocket(this);  connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(connected()),this,SLOT(slotConnected()));  connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(disconnected()),this,SLOT(slotDisconnected()));  connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(dataReceived()));   tcpSocket->connectToHost(*serverIP,port);   status=true; } else {  int length=0;  QString msg=userName+tr(":Leave Chat Room");  if((length=tcpSocket->write(msg.toLatin1(),msg.length()))!=msg. length())  {   return;  }   tcpSocket->disconnectFromHost();   status=false; }} void TcpClient::slotConnected(){ sendBtn->setEnabled(true); enterBtn->setText(tr("離開"));  int length=0; QString msg=userName+tr(":Enter Chat Room"); if((length=tcpSocket->write(msg.toLatin1(),msg.length()))!=msg.length()) {  return; }} void TcpClient::slotSend(){ if(sendLineEdit->text()=="") {  return ; }  QString msg=userName+":"+sendLineEdit->text();  tcpSocket->write(msg.toLatin1(),msg.length()); sendLineEdit->clear();} void TcpClient::slotDisconnected(){ sendBtn->setEnabled(false); enterBtn->setText(tr("join chat"));} void TcpClient::dataReceived(){ while(tcpSocket->bytesAvailable()>0) {  QByteArray datagram;  datagram.resize(tcpSocket->bytesAvailable());   tcpSocket->read(datagram.data(),datagram.size());   QString msg=datagram.data();  contentListWidget->addItem(msg.left(datagram.size())); }}

實現界面布局。在Enter槽函數中，確定加入還是離開的服務器的功能。如果加入了，就將消息，寫到tcpsocket中，構造消。

服務端的頭文件：

#ifndef TCPSERVER_H#define TCPSERVER_H #include <QDialog>#include <QListWidget>#include <QLabel>#include <QLineEdit>#include <QPushButton>#include <QGridLayout>#include "server.h" class TcpServer : public QDialog{ Q_OBJECT public: TcpServer(QWidget *parent = 0,Qt::WindowFlags f=0); ~TcpServer();private: QListWidget *ContentListWidget; QLabel *PortLabel; QLineEdit *PortLineEdit; QPushButton *CreateBtn; QGridLayout *mainLayout; int port; Server *server;public slots: void slotCreateServer(); void updateServer(QString,int);}; #endif // TCPSERVER_H

這是服務端的界面的，把消息顯示而已。實現這個布局。

#include "tcpserver.h" TcpServer::TcpServer(QWidget *parent,Qt::WindowFlags f) : QDialog(parent,f){ setWindowTitle(tr("TCP Server"));  ContentListWidget = new QListWidget;  PortLabel = new QLabel(tr(" port")); PortLineEdit = new QLineEdit;  CreateBtn = new QPushButton(tr("create chat")); mainLayout = new QGridLayout(this); mainLayout->addWidget(ContentListWidget,0,0,1,2); mainLayout->addWidget(PortLabel,1,0); mainLayout->addWidget(PortLineEdit,1,1); mainLayout->addWidget(CreateBtn,2,0,1,2);  port=8010; PortLineEdit->setText(QString::number(port));  connect(CreateBtn,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(slotCreateServer()));} TcpServer::~TcpServer(){ } void TcpServer::slotCreateServer(){ server = new Server(this,port); connect(server,SIGNAL(updateServer(QString,int)),this,SLOT(updateServer(QString,int)));  CreateBtn->setEnabled(false);} void TcpServer::updateServer(QString msg,int length){ ContentListWidget->addItem(msg.left(length));}

創建TCP的套接字，以便實現服務端和客戶端的通信。

#ifndef TCPCLIENTSOCKET_H#define TCPCLIENTSOCKET_H #include <QtNetWork/QTcpSocket>#include <QObject> class TcpClientSocket : public QTcpSocket{ Q_OBJECTpublic: TcpClientSocket();signals: void updateClients(QString,int); void disconnected(int);protected slots: void dataReceived(); void slotDisconnected();}; #endif // TCPCLIENTSOCKET_H

以上是頭文件，具體的是：

#include "tcpclientsocket.h" TcpClientSocket::TcpClientSocket(){ connect(this,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(dataReceived())); connect(this,SIGNAL(disconnected()),this,SLOT(slotDisconnected()));} void TcpClientSocket::dataReceived(){ while(bytesAvailable()>0) {  int length = bytesAvailable();  char buf[1024];  read(buf,length);   QString msg=buf;  emit updateClients(msg,length); }} void TcpClientSocket::slotDisconnected(){ emit disconnected(this->socketDescriptor());}

實現服務器，頭文件：

#ifndef SERVER_H#define SERVER_H #include <QtNetWork/QTcpServer>#include <QObject>#include "tcpclientsocket.h" class Server : public QTcpServer{ Q_OBJECTpublic: Server(QObject *parent=0,int port=0); QList<TcpClientSocket*> tcpClientSocketList;signals: void updateServer(QString,int);public slots: void updateClients(QString,int); void slotDisconnected(int);protected: void incomingConnection(int socketDescriptor);}; #endif // SERVER_H

#include "server.h" Server::Server(QObject *parent,int port) :QTcpServer(parent){ listen(QHostAddress::Any,port);} void Server::incomingConnection(int socketDescriptor){ TcpClientSocket *tcpClientSocket = new TcpClientSocket; connect(tcpClientSocket,SIGNAL(updateClients(QString,int)),this,SLOT(updateClients(QString,int))); connect(tcpClientSocket,SIGNAL(disconnected(int)),this,SLOT(slotDisconnected(int)));  tcpClientSocket->setSocketDescriptor(socketDescriptor);  tcpClientSocketList.append(tcpClientSocket);} void Server::updateClients(QString msg,int length){ emit updateServer(msg,length); for(int i=0;i<tcpClientSocketList.count();i++) {  QTcpSocket *item = tcpClientSocketList.at(i);  if(item->write(msg.toLatin1(),length)!=length)  {   continue;  } }} void Server::slotDisconnected(int descriptor){ for(int i=0;i<tcpClientSocketList.count();i++) {  QTcpSocket *item = tcpClientSocketList.at(i);  if(item->socketDescriptor()==descriptor)  {   tcpClientSocketList.removeAt(i);   return;  } } return;}

實現后的界面：