JointJS：JavaScript 流程圖繪制框架
最近調研了js畫流程圖的框架，最后選擇了Joint。配合上 dagre 可以畫出像模像樣的流程圖。
JointJS 簡介
JointJS 是一個開源前端框架，支持繪制各種各樣的流程圖、工作流圖等。Rappid 是 Joint 的商業版，提供了一些更強的插件。JointJS 的特點有下面幾條，摘自官網：
總之 JoingJS 是一款很強的流程圖制作框架，開源版本已經足夠日常使用了。
一些常用地址：
API: https://resources.jointjs.com/docs/jointjs/v1.1/joint.html
Tutorials: https://resources.jointjs.com/tutorial
JointJS Hello world
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jointjs/2.1.0/joint.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" /></head><body> <!-- content --> <div id="myholder"></div> <!-- dependencies 通過CDN加載依賴--> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.1.1/jquery.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lodash.js/3.10.1/lodash.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/backbone.js/1.3.3/backbone.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jointjs/2.1.0/joint.js"></script> <!-- code --> <script type="text/javascript"> var graph = new joint.dia.Graph; var paper = new joint.dia.Paper({ el: document.getElementById('myholder'), model: graph, width: 600, height: 100, gridSize: 1 }); var rect = new joint.shapes.standard.Rectangle(); rect.position(100, 30); rect.resize(100, 40); rect.attr({ body: { fill: 'blue' }, label: { text: 'Hello', fill: 'white' } }); rect.addTo(graph); var rect2 = rect.clone(); rect2.translate(300, 0); rect2.attr('label/text', 'World!'); rect2.addTo(graph); var link = new joint.shapes.standard.Link(); link.source(rect); link.target(rect2); link.addTo(graph); </script></body></html>hello world 代碼沒什么好說的。要注意這里的圖形并沒有自動排版，而是通過移動第二個 rect 實現的手動排版。
前后端分離架構
既然支持 NodeJs，那就可以把繁重的圖形繪制任務交給服務器，再通過 JSON 序列化在 HTTP 上傳輸對象，這樣減輕客戶端的壓力。
NodeJS 后端
var express = require('express');var joint = require('jointjs');var app = express();function get_graph(){ var graph = new joint.dia.Graph(); var rect = new joint.shapes.standard.Rectangle(); rect.position(100, 30); rect.resize(100, 40); rect.attr({ body: { fill: 'blue' }, label: { text: 'Hello', fill: 'white' } }); rect.addTo(graph); var rect2 = rect.clone(); rect2.translate(300, 0); rect2.attr('label/text', 'World!'); rect2.addTo(graph); var link = new joint.shapes.standard.Link(); link.source(rect); link.target(rect2); link.addTo(graph); return graph.toJSON();}app.all('*', function(req, res, next) { res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*"); res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "X-Requested-With"); res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Methods","PUT,POST,GET,DELETE,OPTIONS"); next();});app.get('/graph', function(req, res){ console.log('[+] send graph json to client') res.send(get_graph());});app.listen(8071);HTML 前端
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jointjs/2.1.0/joint.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" /></head><body> <!-- content --> <div id="myholder"></div> <!-- dependencies 通過CDN加載依賴--> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.1.1/jquery.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lodash.js/3.10.1/lodash.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/backbone.js/1.3.3/backbone.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jointjs/2.1.0/joint.js"></script> <!-- code --> <script type="text/javascript"> var graph = new joint.dia.Graph; var paper = new joint.dia.Paper({ el: document.getElementById('myholder'), model: graph, width: 600, height: 100, gridSize: 1 }); $.get('http://192.168.237.128:8071/graph', function(data, statue){ graph.fromJSON(data); }); </script></body></html>其他
自動布局 Automatic layout
JointJS 內置了插件進行自動排版，原理是調用 Dagre 庫。官方 api 中有樣例。
使用方法：
var graphBBox = joint.layout.DirectedGraph.layout(graph, {nodeSep: 50,edgeSep: 80,rankDir: "TB"});
| 配置參數 | 注釋 |
|---|---|
| nodeSep | 相同rank的鄰接節點的距離 |
| edgeSep | 相同rank的鄰接邊的距離 |
| rankSep | 不同 rank 元素之間的距離 |
| rankDir | 布局方向 ( "TB" (top-to-bottom) / "BT" (bottom-to-top) / "LR" (left-to-right) / "RL"(right-to-left)) |
| marginX | number of pixels to use as a margin around the left and right of the graph. |
| marginY | number of pixels to use as a margin around the top and bottom of the graph. |
| ranker | 排序算法。 Possible values: 'network-simplex' (default), 'tight-tree' or 'longest-path'. |
| resizeClusters | set to false if you don't want parent elements to stretch in order to fit all their embedded children. Default is true. |
| clusterPadding | A gap between the parent element and the boundary of its embedded children. It could be a number or an object e.g. { left: 10, right: 10, top: 30, bottom: 10 }. It defaults to 10. |
| setPosition(element, position) | a function that will be used to set the position of elements at the end of the layout. This is useful if you don't want to use the default element.set('position', position) but want to set the position in an animated fashion via transitions. |
| setVertices(link, vertices) | If set to true the layout will adjust the links by setting their vertices. It defaults to false. If the option is defined as a function it will be used to set the vertices of links at the end of the layout. This is useful if you don't want to use the default link.set('vertices', vertices) but want to set the vertices in an animated fashion via transitions. |
| setLabels(link, labelPosition, points) | If set to true the layout will adjust the labels by setting their position. It defaults to false. If the option is defined as a function it will be used to set the labels of links at the end of the layout. Note: Only the first label (link.label(0);) is positioned by the layout. |
| dagre | 默認情況下，dagre 應該在全局命名空間當中，不過你也可以當作參數傳進去 |
| graphlib | 默認情況下，graphlib 應該在全局命名空間當中，不過你也可以當作參數傳進去 |
我們來試一下。NodeJS 后端
var express = require('express');var joint = require('jointjs');var dagre = require('dagre')var graphlib = require('graphlib');var app = express();function get_graph(){ var graph = new joint.dia.Graph(); var rect = new joint.shapes.standard.Rectangle(); rect.position(100, 30); rect.resize(100, 40); rect.attr({ body: { fill: 'blue' }, label: { text: 'Hello', fill: 'white' } }); rect.addTo(graph); var rect2 = rect.clone(); rect2.translate(300, 0); rect2.attr('label/text', 'World!'); rect2.addTo(graph); for(var i=0; i<10; i++){ var cir = new joint.shapes.standard.Circle(); cir.resize(100, 100); cir.position(10, 10); cir.attr('root/title', 'joint.shapes.standard.Circle'); cir.attr('label/text', 'Circle' + i); cir.attr('body/fill', 'lightblue'); cir.addTo(graph); var ln = new joint.shapes.standard.Link(); ln.source(cir); ln.target(rect2); ln.addTo(graph); } var link = new joint.shapes.standard.Link(); link.source(rect); link.target(rect2); link.addTo(graph); //auto layout joint.layout.DirectedGraph.layout(graph, { nodeSep: 50, edgeSep: 50, rankDir: "TB", dagre: dagre, graphlib: graphlib }); return graph.toJSON();}app.all('*', function(req, res, next) { res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*"); res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "X-Requested-With"); res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Methods","PUT,POST,GET,DELETE,OPTIONS"); next();});app.get('/graph', function(req, res){ console.log('[+] send graph json to client') res.send(get_graph());});app.listen(8071);HTML 前端
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jointjs/2.1.0/joint.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" /></head><body> <!-- content --> <div id="myholder"></div> <!-- dependencies 通過CDN加載依賴--> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.1.1/jquery.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lodash.js/3.10.1/lodash.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/backbone.js/1.3.3/backbone.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jointjs/2.1.0/joint.js"></script> <!-- code --> <script type="text/javascript"> var graph = new joint.dia.Graph; var paper = new joint.dia.Paper({ el: document.getElementById('myholder'), model: graph, width: 2000, height: 2000, gridSize: 1 }); $.get('http://192.168.237.128:8071/graph', function(data, statue){ graph.fromJSON(data); }); </script></body></html>結果：
使用 HTML 定制元素
流程圖中的每個點，也就是是元素，都可以自定義，直接編寫 html 代碼能添加按鈕、輸入框、代碼塊等。
我的一個代碼塊 demo，搭配 highlight.js 可以達到類似 IDA 控制流圖的效果。這個 feature 可玩度很高。
joint.shapes.BBL = {};joint.shapes.BBL.Element = joint.shapes.basic.Rect.extend({ defaults: joint.util.deepSupplement({ type: 'BBL.Element', attrs: { rect: { stroke: 'none', 'fill-opacity': 0 } } }, joint.shapes.basic.Rect.prototype.defaults)});// Create a custom view for that element that displays an HTML div above it.// -------------------------------------------------------------------------joint.shapes.BBL.ElementView = joint.dia.ElementView.extend({ template: [ '<div class="html-element" data-collapse>', '<label></label><br/>', '<div class="hljs"><pre><code></code></pre></span></div>', '</div>' ].join(''), initialize: function() { _.bindAll(this, 'updateBox'); joint.dia.ElementView.prototype.initialize.apply(this, arguments); this.$box = $(_.template(this.template)()); // Prevent paper from handling pointerdown. this.$box.find('h3').on('mousedown click', function(evt) { evt.stopPropagation(); }); // Update the box position whenever the underlying model changes. this.model.on('change', this.updateBox, this); // Remove the box when the model gets removed from the graph. this.model.on('remove', this.removeBox, this); this.updateBox(); }, render: function() { joint.dia.ElementView.prototype.render.apply(this, arguments); this.paper.$el.prepend(this.$box); this.updateBox(); return this; }, updateBox: function() { // Set the position and dimension of the box so that it covers the JointJS element. var bbox = this.model.getBBox(); // Example of updating the HTML with a data stored in the cell model. this.$box.find('label').text(this.model.get('label')); this.$box.find('code').html(this.model.get('code')); var color = this.model.get('color'); this.$box.css({ width: bbox.width, height: bbox.height, left: bbox.x, top: bbox.y, background: color, "border-color": color }); }, removeBox: function(evt) { this.$box.remove(); }});以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持VeVb武林網。
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