本文實例講述了PHP連接及操作PostgreSQL數據庫的方法。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：
PostgreSQL擴展在默認情況下在最新版本的PHP 5.3.x中是啟用的。 可以在編譯時使用--without-pgsql來禁用它。仍然可以使用yum命令來安裝PHP-PostgreSQL接口：
yum install php-pgsql
在開始使用PHP連接PostgreSQL接口之前，請先在PostgreSQL安裝目錄中找到pg_hba.conf文件，并添加以下行：
# IPv4 local connections:host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5
您可以啟動/重新啟動postgres服務器，使用以下命令運行：
[root@host]# service postgresql restartStopping postgresql service: [ OK ]Starting postgresql service: [ OK ]
Windows用戶必須啟用php_pgsql.dll才能使用此擴展名。這個DLL包含在最新版本的PHP 5.3.x中的Windows發行版中。
PHP連接到PostgreSQL數據庫
以下PHP代碼顯示如何連接到本地機器上的現有數據庫，最后將返回數據庫連接對象。
<?php $host = "host=127.0.0.1"; $port = "port=5432"; $dbname = "dbname=testdb"; $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123"; $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" ); if(!$db){ echo "Error : Unable to open database/n"; } else { echo "Opened database successfully/n"; }?>現在，讓我們運行上面的程序打開數據庫:testdb，如果成功打開數據庫連接，那么它將給出以下消息：
Opened database successfully
創建表
以下PHP程序將用于在之前創建的數據庫(testdb)中創建一個表：
<?php $host = "host=127.0.0.1"; $port = "port=5432"; $dbname = "dbname=testdb"; $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123"; $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" ); if(!$db){ echo "Error : Unable to open database/n"; } else { echo "Opened database successfully/n"; } $sql =<<<EOF CREATE TABLE COMPANY (ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, NAME TEXT NOT NULL, AGE INT NOT NULL, ADDRESS CHAR(50), SALARY REAL);EOF; $ret = pg_query($db, $sql); if(!$ret){ echo pg_last_error($db); } else { echo "Table created successfully/n"; } pg_close($db);?>當執行上述程序時，它將在testdb數據庫中創建COMPANY表，并顯示以下消息：
Opened database successfully
Table created successfully
SQL
插入操作
以下PHP程序顯示了如何在上述示例中創建的COMPANY表中創建記錄：
<?php $host = "host=127.0.0.1"; $port = "port=5432"; $dbname = "dbname=testdb"; $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123"; $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" ); if(!$db){ echo "Error : Unable to open database/n"; } else { echo "Opened database successfully/n"; } $sql =<<<EOF INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 ); INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 ); INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 ); INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 );EOF; $ret = pg_query($db, $sql); if(!$ret){ echo pg_last_error($db); } else { echo "Records created successfully/n"; } pg_close($db);?>當執行上述程序時，它將在COMPANY表中創建給定的記錄，并顯示以下兩行：
Opened database successfully
Records created successfully
SELECT操作
以下PHP程序顯示了如何從上述示例中創建的COMPANY表中獲取和顯示記錄：
<?php $host = "host=127.0.0.1"; $port = "port=5432"; $dbname = "dbname=testdb"; $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123"; $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" ); if(!$db){ echo "Error : Unable to open database/n"; } else { echo "Opened database successfully/n"; } $sql =<<<EOF SELECT * from COMPANY;EOF; $ret = pg_query($db, $sql); if(!$ret){ echo pg_last_error($db); exit; } while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)){ echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "/n"; echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."/n"; echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."/n"; echo "SALARY = ".$row[4] ."/n/n"; } echo "Operation done successfully/n"; pg_close($db);?>當執行上述程序時，將產生以下結果。 請記下，在創建表時按照它們使用的順序返回字段。
Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 20000
ID = 2
NAME = Allen
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY = 15000
ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000
ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000
Operation done successfully
更新操作
以下PHP代碼顯示了如何使用UPDATE語句來更新指定記錄，然后從COMPANY表中獲取并顯示更新的記錄：
<?php $host = "host=127.0.0.1"; $port = "port=5432"; $dbname = "dbname=testdb"; $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123"; $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" ); if(!$db){ echo "Error : Unable to open database/n"; } else { echo "Opened database successfully/n"; } $sql =<<<EOF UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;EOF; $ret = pg_query($db, $sql); if(!$ret){ echo pg_last_error($db); exit; } else { echo "Record updated successfully/n"; } $sql =<<<EOF SELECT * from COMPANY;EOF; $ret = pg_query($db, $sql); if(!$ret){ echo pg_last_error($db); exit; } while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)){ echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "/n"; echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."/n"; echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."/n"; echo "SALARY = ".$row[4] ."/n/n"; } echo "Operation done successfully/n"; pg_close($db);?>執行上述程序時，會產生以下結果：
Opened database successfully
Record updated successfully
ID = 2
NAME = Allen
ADDRESS = 25
SALARY = 15000
ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = 23
SALARY = 20000
ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = 25
SALARY = 65000
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = 32
SALARY = 25000
Operation done successfully
刪除操作
以下PHP代碼顯示了如何使用DELETE語句刪除指定記錄，然后從COMPANY表中獲取并顯示剩余的記錄：
<?php $host = "host=127.0.0.1"; $port = "port=5432"; $dbname = "dbname=testdb"; $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123"; $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials" ); if(!$db){ echo "Error : Unable to open database/n"; } else { echo "Opened database successfully/n"; } $sql =<<<EOF DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;EOF; $ret = pg_query($db, $sql); if(!$ret){ echo pg_last_error($db); exit; } else { echo "Record deleted successfully/n"; } $sql =<<<EOF SELECT * from COMPANY;EOF; $ret = pg_query($db, $sql); if(!$ret){ echo pg_last_error($db); exit; } while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)){ echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "/n"; echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."/n"; echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."/n"; echo "SALARY = ".$row[4] ."/n/n"; } echo "Operation done successfully/n"; pg_close($db);?>執行上述程序時，會產生以下結果：
Opened database successfully
Record deleted successfully
ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = 23
SALARY = 20000
ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = 25
SALARY = 65000
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = 32
SALARY = 25000
Operation done successfully
希望本文所述對大家PHP程序設計有所幫助。
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