<?php  /**   * php設計模式 單例模式   */  class Fruit{    private static $instanceMap = array();    //protected getter for singleton instances    protected static function getSingleton($className){      //保證單例模式 并且不能從控制器實例化和克隆      if (!isset(self::$instanceMap[$className])) {        $object = new $className;        //Make sure this object inherit from Singleton        if ($object instanceof Fruit) {          self::$instanceMap[$className] = $object;          var_dump($object);        } else {          throw SingletonException("Class '$className' do not inherit from Singleton!");        }      }      return self::$instanceMap[$className];    }    //protected constructor to prevent outside instantiation    protected function __construct(){}    //denie cloning of singleton objects    public final function __clone(){      trigger_error('It is impossible to clone singleton', E_USER_ERROR);    }  }  class Apple extends Fruit{    protected $rndId;    public function __construct(){      $this->rndId = rand();    }    public function whatAmI(){      echo 'I am a Apple(' . $this->rndId . ')<br />';    }    public static function getInstance(){      //echo get_class();      return Fruit::getSingleton(get_class());    }  }  class GreenApple extends Apple{    public function whatAmI(){      echo 'I am a GreenApple(' . $this->rndId . ')<br />';    }    public static function getInstance(){      return Fruit::getSingleton(get_class());    }  }  $apple1 = Apple::getInstance();  //var_dump($apple1);  $apple2 = GreenApple::getInstance();  $apple1->whatAmI();// should echo 'I am a Apple(some number)  $apple2->whatAmI();// should echo 'I am a GreenApple(some number)  $apple1 = Apple::getInstance();  $apple2 = GreenApple::getInstance();  //保證單例模式  $apple1->whatAmI();// should echo 'I am a Apple(same number as above)  $apple2->whatAmI();// should echo 'I am a GreenApple(same number as above)  // $a = clone $apple1;// this should fail  // $b = clone $apple2;// this should fail