php中soap 的使用實例

2020-03-22 20:02:59

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最近工作的內容使用到了接口！
對于系統接口：
現下接觸的有兩種！

1、URL類型的接口

URL路由帶參數式的接口！這個很好做！只要有過Web開發經驗的人都能完成！
這種接口數據不夠隱蔽性，可以直接在瀏覽其中看到，

如支付寶的交易請求URL。需要加一個MD5簽名，和本地客戶端的再次向服務器的驗證！
雖然soap方式傳遞的數據隱蔽性很好!但為了數據安全，難免也需要進行數據簽名。

2、SOAP類型的接口

無關編程語言、無關平臺、擴展性很好

要實現一個SOAP 型的接口，有兩種方式：一種有WSDL文件方式、一中無WSDL文件方式！

對于熱愛研究型的人來說,使用第一種方式可以讓你清楚的了解PHP是怎么創建了一個Web Service！
但第一種對于新手來說，創建一個XML格式的WSDL文件，是比較難的，這你的先了解熟悉什么是XML！
學會XML語法！
但對于一個急于解決問題的人來說！沒有這么多的時間去熟悉！所以這是件煩惱的事！
不過不急，上面說了，還有一種無需WSDL文件的方式！

講解前，先配置下PHP的soap環境支持：

找到php.ini文件
；extension=php_soap.dll

刪除掉"；" ，重啟apache服務器

一、有WSDL文件方式
在這里先介紹標準的webservice。
那么如何創建wsdl呢？對于PHP來說這確實是件很不容易的事情，有人說用zend studio創建很方便，這是一種方法。但對于那些不喜歡用zend studio的人來說，會覺得創建一個web service還要安裝zend studio，太強人所難了。
在這里介紹一個簡單的方法，到網上下載SoapDiscovery.html' target='_blank'>class.php類，里面有個公用方法：getWSDL，這個方法末尾是用的return，那么，你修改一下這個方法：
//return sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>');
//生成wsdl文件，將上面的return注釋
$fso = fopen($this->class_name . ".wsdl" , "w");
fwrite($fso, sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>'));
現在生成wsdl的類有了，SoapDiscovery.class.php（源碼在最末尾）。

再準備一個提供服務的Service.php類文件或者函數就可以創建wsdl了!

<?phpclass Service {    public function HelloWorld() {        return "Hello";    }    public function Add($a, $b) {        return $a + $b;    }}?>

創建wsdl文件的creat_wsdl.php

<?phpinclude("Service.php");include("SoapDiscovery.class.php");$disco = new SoapDiscovery('Service', 'soap'); //第一個參數是類名（生成的wsdl文件就是以它來命名的），即Service類，第二個參數是服務的名字（這個可以隨便寫）。$disco->getWSDL();

運行create_wsdl.php文件，此時會生成一個Service.wsdl的文件

再在Service.php文件中添加一些代碼

<?phpclass Service {    public function HelloWorld() {        return "Hello";    }    public function Add($a, $b) {        return $a + $b;    }}$server = new SoapServer('Service.wsdl', array('soap_version' => SOAP_1_2));$server->setClass("Service"); //注冊Service類的所有方法 $server->handle(); //處理請求 ?>

創建webservice客戶端程序，測試webservice是否有效，文件名是：client.php
將以下內容拷貝進去：

<?php　ini_set('soap.wsdl_cache_enabled', "0"); //關閉wsdl緩存  $soap = new SoapClient('http://localhost/Dragon/soap/Service.php?wsdl');　echo $soap->Add(28, 2);  echo $soap->__soapCall('Add',array(28,2))//或這樣調用

OK！測試通過！
　

二、無WSDL文件方式

　　服務器端

<?phpclass Service{  public function HelloWorld()   {      return  "Hello";   }  public  function Add($a,$b)   {      return $a+$b;   }}$server=new SoapServer(null,array('uri' => "abcd"));$server->setClass("Service");$server->handle();

客戶端

<?php  try {  $soap = new SoapClient(null, array(  "location" => "http://localhost/Dragon/soap/Service.php",  "uri" => "abcd", //資源描述符服務器和客戶端必須對應  "style" => SOAP_RPC,  "use" => SOAP_ENCODED  ));  echo $soap->Add(12, 2);  } catch (Exction $e) {  echo print_r($e->getMessage(), true);  }

三．出現的問題。

1.在方法中對屬性的賦值在其他方法中不起作用。
比如在客戶端調用服務端某個方法對某個屬性賦值。
在其他方法里就不能用。但在 __construct 方法中對屬性的賦值是可以個在其他方法中使用的。

2. 提示 Client] looks like we got no XML document錯誤。
服務器端文件在<?php ?> 標簽前后都不要有任何數據包括空格，空行。

3. Warning: SoapClient::SoapClient(): I/O warning : failed to load external entity
原因如下：PHP程序作為 SOAP客戶端采用 WSDL 模式訪問遠端服務器的時候，PHP是通過調用 libcurl 實現的。至少在 PHP5.2.X 是這樣的。如果采用 non-WSDL 模式，就不需要 libcurl。除了了ibcurl以外，至少還關聯的庫包括：libidn,ibgcc,libiconv,libintl,openssl

現在，你已經解決你了系統接口的問題了！剩下的空余時間，就有必要去了解什么是SOAP、http協議、XML了！

SoapDiscovery.class.php 文件

<?php/** * Copyright (c) 2005, Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas * All rights reserved. *  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are * permitted provided that the following conditions are met: *  *     Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of *     conditions and the following disclaimer.  *     Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of *     conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials *     provided with the distribution.  *     Neither the name of the Solsoft de Costa Rica S.A. nor the names of its contributors may *     be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific *     prior written permission. *  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND * CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. *  * * @version $Id$ * @copyright 2005  *//** * SoapDiscovery Class that provides Web Service Definition Language (WSDL). *  * @package SoapDiscovery * @author Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas * @copyright Copyright (c) 2005 Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas * @version $Id$ * @access public * */class SoapDiscovery {    private $class_name = '';    private $service_name = '';    /**     * SoapDiscovery::__construct() SoapDiscovery class Constructor.     *      * @param string $class_name     * @param string $service_name     * */    public function __construct($class_name = '', $service_name = '') {        $this->class_name = $class_name;        $this->service_name = $service_name;    }    /**     * SoapDiscovery::getWSDL() Returns the WSDL of a class if the class is instantiable.     *      * @return string     * */    public function getWSDL() {        if (empty($this->service_name)) {            throw new Exception('No service name.');        }        $headerWSDL = "<?xml version=/"1.0/" ?>/n";        $headerWSDL.= "<definitions name=/"$this->service_name/" targetNamespace=/"urn:$this->service_name/" xmlns:wsdl=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl//" xmlns:soap=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap//" xmlns:tns=/"urn:$this->service_name/" xmlns:xsd=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema/" xmlns:SOAP-ENC=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding//" xmlns=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl//">/n";        $headerWSDL.= "<types xmlns=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl//" />/n";        if (empty($this->class_name)) {            throw new Exception('No class name.');        }        $class = new ReflectionClass($this->class_name);        if (!$class->isInstantiable()) {            throw new Exception('Class is not instantiable.');        }        $methods = $class->getMethods();        $portTypeWSDL = '<portType name="' . $this->service_name . 'Port">';        $bindingWSDL = '<binding name="' . $this->service_name . 'Binding" type="tns:' . $this->service_name . "Port/">/n<soap:binding style=/"rpc/" transport=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http/" />/n";        $serviceWSDL = '<service name="' . $this->service_name . "/">/n<documentation />/n<port name=/"" . $this->service_name . 'Port" binding="tns:' . $this->service_name . "Binding/"><soap:address location=/"http://" . $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] . ':' . $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] . $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] . "/" />/n</port>/n</service>/n";        $messageWSDL = '';        foreach ($methods as $method) {            if ($method->isPublic() && !$method->isConstructor()) {                $portTypeWSDL.= '<operation name="' . $method->getName() . "/">/n" . '<input message="tns:' . $method->getName() . "Request/" />/n<output message=/"tns:" . $method->getName() . "Response/" />/n</operation>/n";                $bindingWSDL.= '<operation name="' . $method->getName() . "/">/n" . '<soap:operation soapAction="urn:' . $this->service_name . '#' . $this->class_name . '#' . $method->getName() . "/" />/n<input><soap:body use=/"encoded/" namespace=/"urn:$this->service_name/" encodingStyle=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding//" />/n</input>/n<output>/n<soap:body use=/"encoded/" namespace=/"urn:$this->service_name/" encodingStyle=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding//" />/n</output>/n</operation>/n";                $messageWSDL.= '<message name="' . $method->getName() . "Request/">/n";                $parameters = $method->getParameters();                foreach ($parameters as $parameter) {                    $messageWSDL.= '<part name="' . $parameter->getName() . "/" type=/"xsd:string/" />/n";                }                $messageWSDL.= "</message>/n";                $messageWSDL.= '<message name="' . $method->getName() . "Response/">/n";                $messageWSDL.= '<part name="' . $method->getName() . "/" type=/"xsd:string/" />/n";                $messageWSDL.= "</message>/n";            }        }        $portTypeWSDL.= "</portType>/n";        $bindingWSDL.= "</binding>/n";        //return sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>');        //生成wsdl文件，將上面的return注釋        $fso = fopen($this->class_name . ".wsdl", "w");        fwrite($fso, sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>'));    }    /**     * SoapDiscovery::getDiscovery() Returns discovery of WSDL.     *      * @return string     * */    public function getDiscovery() {        return "<?xml version=/"1.0/" ?>/n<disco:discovery xmlns:disco=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco//" xmlns:scl=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/scl//">/n<scl:contractRef ref=/"http://" . $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] . ':' . $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] . $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] . "?wsdl/" />/n</disco:discovery>";    }}?>

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