最近在做微信公眾號開發,在一個發送圖文接口中,需要把數組元素拼接在XML字符串中
foreach ($itemArr as $key = $html' target='_blank'>value){ $items .= item Title ![CDATA[$value[ title ]]] /Title Description ![CDATA[[$value[ description ]]] /Description PicUrl ![CDATA[$value[ picUrl ]]] /PicUrl Url ![CDATA[$value[ url ]]] /Url /item }
結果竟報如下錯誤信息:
Parse error: syntax error, unexpected (T_ENCAPSED_AND_WHITESPACE), expecting identifier (T_STRING) or variable (T_VARIABLE) or number (T_NUM_STRING) in D:/hhp/wamp/www/weixin/wx_sample.php on line 146
從錯誤信息看是單引號的問題,果斷去掉之后就沒報錯了。然而我就納悶了,引用下標為字符串的數組元素難道不該加引號嗎?到php官方手冊去查了關于數組的描述,有一段是這樣的:
$arr = array( fruit = apple , veggie = carrot // This will not work, and will result in a parse error, such as: // Parse error: parse error, expecting T_STRING or T_VARIABLE or T_NUM_STRING // This of course applies to using superglobals in strings as well print Hello $arr[ fruit ] print Hello $_GET[ foo ]
這里給出了兩種錯誤的寫法,當一個普通數組變量或超全局數組變量包含在雙引號中時,引用索引為字符串的數組元素,索引字符串不應該再添加單引號。那正確的寫法是怎樣的呢?于是我繼續查找官方手冊,找到如下說法:
$arr = array( fruit = apple , veggie = carrot // This defines a constant to demonstrate what s going on. The value veggie // is assigned to a constant named fruit.define( fruit , veggie // The following is okay, as it s inside a string. Constants are not looked for// within strings, so no E_NOTICE occurs hereprint Hello $arr[fruit] // Hello apple// With one exception: braces surrounding arrays within strings allows constants// to be interpretedprint Hello {$arr[fruit]} // Hello carrotprint Hello {$arr[ fruit ]} // Hello apple$arr = array( fruit = apple , veggie = carrot // This defines a constant to demonstrate what s going on. The value veggie // is assigned to a constant named fruit.define( fruit , veggie // The following is okay, as it s inside a string. Constants are not looked for// within strings, so no E_NOTICE occurs hereprint Hello $arr[fruit] // Hello apple// With one exception: braces surrounding arrays within strings allows constants// to be interpretedprint Hello {$arr[fruit]} // Hello carrotprint Hello {$arr[ fruit ]} // Hello apple
這里給出了三種正確的寫法:
第一種寫法索引字符串不添加任何引號,此時表示獲取索引為字符串fruit的數組元素,輸出apple。
第二種寫法索引字符串也沒有添加任何引號,同時將數組變量用一對花括號{ }給包了起來,此時fruit實際上表示一個常量,而不是一個字符串,因此表示獲取索引為fruit常量值的數組元素,常量fruit的值是veggie,所以輸出carrot。
第三種寫法是引用字符串不但添加了單引號,同時也將數組變量用一對花括號{ }給包了起來,此時表示獲取索引為字符串fruit的數組元素,輸出apple。
后來我繼續查找,發現這樣一段代碼:
// Incorrect. This works but also throws a PHP error of level E_NOTICE because // of an undefined constant named fruit // Notice: Use of undefined constant fruit - assumed fruit in... print $arr[fruit]; // apple pre name= code >// This defines a constant to demonstrate what s going on. The value veggie // is assigned to a constant named fruit.define( fruit , veggie // Notice the difference nowprint $arr[fruit]; // carrotprint $arr[ fruit // apple在正常情況下,數組變量沒有被雙引號包圍時,是否給索引字符串加上單引號輸出結果都一致時apple,但是當定義一個與索引字符串fruit同名的常量時,未加單引號的索引字符串輸出結果就成了carrot,而加上單引號還是apple。
結論:
1. 數組變量未用雙引號包括時,
(1) 索引字符串加單引號表示字符串本身
pre name= code >(2)索引字符串未加單引號表示常量,當常量未定義時則解析為字符串,等效于加上單引號。
$arr[fruit]2. 數組變量用雙引號包括時,
(1) 索引字符串不加單引號表示字符串本身
$arr[fruit](2) 數組變量加上花括號表示與字符串同名常量
{$arr[fruit]}(3) 索引字符串加上單引號且數組變量加上花括號表示字符串本身
pre name= code >
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