越來越多的移動應用都是基于LBS的服務，可以說LBS是移動應用浪潮的基石，每次我們談到LBS，我們的第一反應就是參考高德和騰訊地圖的SDK，下面是演示iOS之基本的位置功能，武林小編為大家細細道來！
定位獲取位置及位置編碼-反編碼
我們的應用程序,可以通過添加Core Location框架所包含的類,獲取設備的地圖位置。
添加CoreLocation.framework框架,導入#import。
使用地圖服務時,會消耗更多地設備電量.因此,在獲取到設備的位置后,應該停止定位來節省電量。
我們通過一個demo來展示內容與效果
?
//
// HMTRootViewController.h
// My-GPS-Map
//
// Created by hmt on 14-4-12.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 胡明濤. All rights reserved.
//
#import
@interface HMTRootViewController : UIViewController
@end
//
// HMTRootViewController.m
// My-GPS-Map
//
// Created by hmt on 14-4-12.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 胡明濤. All rights reserved.
//
#import "HMTRootViewController.h"
#import
@interface HMTRootViewController (){
CLLocationManager * _locationManage;
}
@property (nonatomic,retain) CLLocationManager * locationManage;
@end
@implementation HMTRootViewController
- (void)dealloc{
RELEASE_SAFELY(_locationManage);
[super dealloc];
}
- (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil
{
self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
if (self) {
// Custom initialization
}
return self;
}
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
[self createGPSMap];
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
}
- (void)createGPSMap{
// 初始化位置服務
self.locationManage = [[CLLocationManager alloc]init];
// 要求CLLocationManager對象返回全部信息
_locationManage.distanceFilter = kCLDistanceFilterNone;
// 設置定位精度
_locationManage.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest;
// 設置代理
_locationManage.delegate = self;
// 開始定位
[_locationManage startUpdatingLocation];
[_locationManage release];
}
- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateLocations:(NSArray *)locations{
CLLocation * newLocation = [locations lastObject];
// 停止實時定位
[_locationManage stopUpdatingLocation];
// 取得經緯度
CLLocationCoordinate2D coord2D = newLocation.coordinate;
double latitude = coord2D.latitude;
double longitude = coord2D.longitude;
NSLog(@"緯度 = %f 經度 = %f",latitude,longitude);
// 取得精度
CLLocationAccuracy horizontal = newLocation.horizontalAccuracy;
CLLocationAccuracy vertical = newLocation.verticalAccuracy;
NSLog(@"水平方 = %f 垂直方 = %f",horizontal,vertical);
// 取得高度
CLLocationDistance altitude = newLocation.altitude;
NSLog(@"%f",altitude);
// 取得此時時刻
NSDate *timestamp = [newLocation timestamp];
// 實例化一個NSDateFormatter對象
NSDateFormatter* dateFormat = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
// 設定時間格式
[dateFormat setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss a"];
[dateFormat setAMSymbol:@"AM"]; // 顯示中文, 改成"上午"
[dateFormat setPMSymbol:@"PM"];
// 求出當天的時間字符串，當更改時間格式時，時間字符串也能隨之改變
NSString *dateString = [dateFormat stringFromDate:timestamp];
NSLog(@"此時此刻時間 = %@",dateString);
// -----------------------------------------位置反編碼--------------------------------------------
CLGeocoder * geocoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc]init];
[geocoder reverseGeocodeLocation:newLocation completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks, NSError *error) {
for (CLPlacemark * place in placemarks) {
NSLog(@"name = %@",place.name); // 位置名
NSLog(@"thoroughfare = %@",place.thoroughfare); // 街道
NSLog(@"subAdministrativeArea = %@",place.subAdministrativeArea); // 子街道
NSLog(@"locality = %@",place.locality); // 市
NSLog(@"subLocality = %@",place.subLocality); // 區
NSLog(@"country = %@",place.country); // 國家
NSArray *allKeys = place.addressDictionary.allKeys;
for (NSString *key in allKeys)
{
NSLog(@"key = %@, value = %@",key, place.addressDictionary[key]);
}
#pragma mark - 使用系統定義的字符串直接查詢,記得導入AddressBook框架
NSLog(@"kABPersonAddressCityKey = %@", (NSString *)kABPersonAddressCityKey);
NSLog(@"city = %@", place.addressDictionary[(NSString *)kABPersonAddressCityKey]);
NSString *city = place.locality;
if(city == nil)
{
city = place.addressDictionary[(NSString *)kABPersonAddressStateKey];
}
}
}];
}
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
[super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}
@end
程序運行結果:(以39.3,116.4為例)
?
?
?
?
//? 判斷輸入的地址?
if (self.locationTextField.text == nil? ||? [self.locationTextField.text length] == 0) {?
??? return;?
}?
?
CLGeocoder *geocoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc] init];?
/*? -----------------------------------------位置編碼--------------------------------------------? */?
[geocoder geocodeAddressString:_locationTextField.text completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks, NSError *error) {?
?????
??? for (CLPlacemark *placemark in placemarks) {?
?????????
??????? CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = placemark.location.coordinate;?
??????? NSString *strCoordinate = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"緯度 = %3.5f/n 經度 = %3.5f",coordinate.latitude,coordinate.longitude];?
??????? NSLog(@"%@",strCoordinate);?
??????? NSDictionary *addressDictionary = placemark.addressDictionary;?
??????? NSString *address = [addressDictionary objectForKey:(NSString *)kABPersonAddressStreetKey];?
??????? NSString *state = [addressDictionary objectForKey:(NSString *)kABPersonAddressStateKey];?
??????? NSString *city = [addressDictionary objectForKey:(NSString *)kABPersonAddressCityKey];?
??????? NSLog(@"街道 = %@/n 省 = %@/n 城市 = %@",address,state,city);?
??? }?
}];?
?
?
?
地圖的使用以及標注地圖
使用CoreLocation框架獲取了當前設備的位置,這一章介紹地圖的使用。
首先,導入框架：
#import
main代碼示例
?
?
main.h?
?
#import ?
#import ?
//? 引用地圖協議?
@interface HMTMainViewController : UIViewController?
?
@end?
?
main.m?
?
//?
//? HMTMainViewController.m?
//? Map?
//?
//? Created by HMT on 14-6-21.?
//? Copyright (c) 2014年 humingtao. All rights reserved.?
//?
?
#import "HMTMainViewController.h"?
#import "HMTAnnotation.h"?
?
@interface HMTMainViewController ()?
?
@property (nonatomic ,strong) MKMapView *mapView;?
?
@end?
?
@implementation HMTMainViewController?
?
- (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil?
{?
??? self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];?
??? if (self) {?
??????? // Custom initialization?
??? }?
??? return self;?
}?
?
- (void)viewDidLoad?
?
{?
?????
??? [super viewDidLoad];?
??? self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];?
?????
??? // Do any additional setup after loading the view.?
?????
??? self.navigationItem.title = @"地圖標注";?
??? self.mapView = [[MKMapView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 568)];?
?????
??? //? 是否顯示用戶當前位置?
??? self.mapView.showsUserLocation = YES;?
??? //? 設置代理?
??? self.mapView.delegate = self;?
?????
??? //? 地圖顯示類型?
??? /**
???? *????? MKMapTypeStandard = 0, //? 標準地圖
???? *????? MKMapTypeSatellite,??? //? 衛星地圖
???? *????? MKMapTypeHybrid??????? //? 混合地圖
???? */?
??? self.mapView.mapType = MKMapTypeStandard;?
??? //? 經緯度?
??? CLLocationCoordinate2D coord2D = {39.910650,116.47030};?
??? //? 顯示范圍,數值越大,范圍就越大?
??? MKCoordinateSpan span = {0.1,0.1};?
??? //? 顯示區域?
??? MKCoordinateRegion region = {coord2D,span};?
??? //? 給地圖設置顯示區域?
??? [self.mapView setRegion:region animated:YES];?
??? //? 是否允許縮放?
??? //self.mapView.zoomEnabled = NO;?
??? //? 是否允許滾動?
??? //self.mapView.scrollEnabled = NO;?
?
??? //? 初始化自定義Annotation(可以設置多個)?
??? HMTAnnotation *annotation = [[HMTAnnotation alloc] initWithCGLocation:coord2D];?
??? //? 設置標題?
??? annotation.title = @"自定義標注位置";?
??? //? 設置子標題?
??? annotation.subtitle = @"子標題";?
??? //? 將標注添加到地圖上(執行這步,就會執行下面的代理方法viewForAnnotation)?
??? [self.mapView addAnnotation:annotation];?
?????
??? [self.view addSubview:_mapView];?
?????
}?
?
//?? 返回標注視圖(大頭針視圖)?
- (MKAnnotationView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForAnnotation:(id)annotation{?
?
??? /**
???? *? 是不是有點像自定義UITableViewCell一樣
???? */?
??? static NSString *identifier = @"annotation";?
??? //? 復用標注視圖(MKPinAnnotationView是大頭針視圖,繼承自MKAnnotation)?
??? MKPinAnnotationView *annotationView = (MKPinAnnotationView *)[mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:identifier];?
??? if (annotationView == nil) {?
??????? annotationView = [[MKPinAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:identifier];?
??? }?
??? //? 判斷是否為自定義的標注視圖?
??? if ([annotation isKindOfClass:[HMTAnnotation class]]) {?
?????????
??????? //? 設置大頭針圓圈顏色?
??????? annotationView.pinColor = MKPinAnnotationColorGreen;?
??????? //? 點擊頭針紅色圓圈是否顯示上面設置好的標題視圖?
??????? annotationView.canShowCallout = YES;?
??????? //? 要自定義錨點圖片，可考慮使用MKAnnotationView;MKPinAnnotationView只能是以大頭針形式顯示?。。?！?
??????? annotationView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"customImage"];?
??????? //? 添加標題視圖右邊視圖(還有左邊視圖,具體可自行查看API)?
??????? UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeDetailDisclosure];?
??????? [button addTarget:self action:@selector(didClickAnnotationViewRightButtonAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];?
??????? annotationView.rightCalloutAccessoryView = button;?
??????? //? 是否以動畫形式顯示標注(從天而降)?
??????? annotationView.animatesDrop = YES;?
??????? annotationView.annotation = annotation;?
?????????
??????? //? 返回自定義的標注視圖?
??????? return annotationView;?
?????????
??? }else{?
????????
??????? //? 當前設備位置的標注視圖,返回nil,當前位置會創建一個默認的標注視圖?
??????? return nil;?
??? }?
?????
}?
?
- (void)didClickAnnotationViewRightButtonAction:(UIButton *)button{?
?
??? NSLog(@"%d %s",__LINE__,__FUNCTION__);?
}?
?
//? 更新當前位置調用?
- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didUpdateUserLocation:(MKUserLocation *)userLocation{?
?
??? NSLog(@"%d %s",__LINE__,__FUNCTION__);?
}?
?
//? 選中標注視圖?
- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didSelectAnnotationView:(MKAnnotationView *)view{?
?????
??? NSLog(@"%d %s",__LINE__,__FUNCTION__);?
}?
?
//? 地圖的現實區域改變了調用?
- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView regionDidChangeAnimated:(BOOL)animated{?
?
??? NSLog(@"%d %s",__LINE__,__FUNCTION__);?
}?
?
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning?
{?
??? [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];?
??? // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.?
}?
?
@end?
?
自定義MKAnnotationView
#import ?
#import ?
//? 引入MKAnnotation協議,切記不能忘記!!!!!!!!!?
@interface HMTAnnotation : NSObject?
?
@property (nonatomic,readonly) CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate;? //? 坐標?
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *title;???? //? 位置名稱?
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *subtitle;? //? 位置子信息(可選)?
?
- (id)initWithCGLocation:(CLLocationCoordinate2D) coordinate;?
?
@end?
?
#import "HMTAnnotation.h"?
?
@implementation HMTAnnotation?
?
- (id)initWithCGLocation:(CLLocationCoordinate2D)coordinate{?
?
??? if (self = [super init]) {?
?????????
??????? _coordinate = coordinate;?
??? }?
??? return self;?
}?
?
@end?
?
效果圖:
上文是演示iOS之基本的位置功能的全部介紹，大家都了解了嗎？更多的內容盡在武林技術頻道！
