本文實例講述了Python使用pyautogui模塊實現自動化鼠標和鍵盤操作。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：

一、pyautogui模塊簡要說明

## 使用 pyautogui 模塊相關函數，可以模擬鼠標及鍵盤操作， 完整說明文檔見: http://pyautogui.readthedocs.org/
# pip install pyautogui
# 要注意的是，模擬移動鼠標與擊鍵可能太快，導致其他程序跟不上，并且程序可能失去控制，
# 需要掌握如何從問題中恢復，至少要能中止它。
# 防止或恢復GUI自動化問題
# 1) 使用pyautogui.PAUSE設置每個PyAutoGUI函數調用在執行動作后暫停的秒數
# 2) pyautogui自動防故障功能：將鼠標移到屏幕的左上角，來拋出failSafeException異常

二、控制鼠標移動與交互

三、屏幕快照與識別比較

四、控制鍵盤

五、綜合例子

具體見以下代碼及說明：

## 使用 pyautogui 模塊相關函數，可以模擬鼠標及鍵盤操作， 完整說明文檔見: http://pyautogui.readthedocs.org/# pip install pyautogui# 要注意的是，模擬移動鼠標與擊鍵可能太快，導致其他程序跟不上，并且程序可能失去控制，# 需要掌握如何從問題中恢復，至少要能中止它。# 防止或恢復GUI自動化問題#  1) 使用pyautogui.PAUSE設置每個PyAutoGUI函數調用在執行動作后暫停的秒數#  2) pyautogui自動防故障功能：將鼠標移到屏幕的左上角，來拋出failSafeException異常import pyautoguipyautogui.PAUSE = 1pyautogui.FAILSAFE = True      # 啟用自動防故障功能width,height = pyautogui.size()   # 屏幕的寬度和高度pyautogui.position()        # 鼠標當前位置## 控制鼠標移動for i in range(10):  pyautogui.moveTo(100,100,duration=0.25)   # 移動到 (100,100)  pyautogui.moveTo(200,100,duration=0.25)  pyautogui.moveTo(200,200,duration=0.25)  pyautogui.moveTo(100,200,duration=0.25)for i in range(10):  pyautogui.moveRel(100,0,duration=0.25)    # 從當前位置右移100像素  pyautogui.moveRel(0,100,duration=0.25)    # 向下  pyautogui.moveRel(-100,0,duration=0.25)   # 向左  pyautogui.moveRel(0,-100,duration=0.25)   # 向上## 例子:持續獲取鼠標位置并更新顯示# 1.獲取當前坐標# 2.在屏幕上打印，并刪除之前打印的坐標# 3.處理異常，并能按鍵退出# Displays the mouse cursor's currrent position.import pyautoguiprint('Press Ctrl-C to quit.')try:  while True:    # Get and print the mouse coordinates.    x,y = pyautogui.position()    positionStr = 'X: '+str(x).rjust(4)+' Y:'+str(y).rjust(4)    pix = pyautogui.screenshot().getpixel((x,y))  # 獲取鼠標所在屏幕點的RGB顏色    positionStr += ' RGB:('+str(pix[0]).rjust(3)+','+str(pix[1]).rjust(3)+','+str(pix[2]).rjust(3)+')'    print(positionStr,end='')           # end='' 替換了默認的換行    print('/b'*len(positionStr),end='',flush=True) # 連續退格鍵并刷新，刪除之前打印的坐標，就像直接更新坐標效果except KeyboardInterrupt:               # 處理 Ctrl-C 按鍵  print('/nDone.')## 控制鼠標交互# pyautogui.click() 封裝了 pyautogui.mouseDown()和pyautogui.mouseUp(), 這兩個函數也可以單獨使用# pyautogui.doubleClick() 雙擊左鍵， pyautogui.rightClick() 雙擊右鍵，pyautogui.middleClick() 雙擊中鍵import pyautoguipyautogui.click(10,5)           # 在(10,5)單擊鼠標，默認左鍵pyautogui.click(100,150,button='left')pyautogui.click(200,250,button='right')# pyautogui.dragTo()  按鍵并拖動鼠標移動，參數為坐標，與moveTo相同# pyautogui.dragRel()  按鍵并拖動鼠標移動，參數為距離，與moveRel相同import pyautogui,timetime.sleep(5)# 這里停頓5秒，用于手工打開windows繪圖應用，并選中鉛筆或畫圖工具，讓鼠標停留在畫圖工具的窗口中# 或使用在線paint (http://sumopaint.com)pyautogui.click()   # click to put drawing program in focusdistance = 200while distance > 0 :  pyautogui.dragRel(distance,0,duration=0.2) # move right  distance = distance - 5  pyautogui.dragRel(0,distance,duration=0.2) # move down  pyautogui.dragRel(-distance,0,duration=0.2) # move left  distance = distance - 5  pyautogui.dragRel(0,-distance,duration=0.2) # move upprint('Done')pyautogui.scroll(200)     # 鼠標向上滾動200像素pyautogui.scroll(-100)    #   負數向下import pyperclipnumbers = ''for i in range(200):  numbers = numbers + str(i) + '/n'pyperclip.copy(numbers)print(numbers)# 這里手動打開一個文本窗口，粘貼import time,pyautoguitime.sleep(5);pyautogui.scroll(100)## 分析屏幕快照import pyautoguiim = pyautogui.screenshot()   # 獲取屏幕快照im.getpixel((50,200))      # (130,135,144)pyautogui.pixelMatchesColor(50,200,(130,135,144))  # True 可用來判斷屏幕是否發生變化pyautogui.pixelMatchesColor(50,200,(255,135,144))  # False# 圖像定位識別pyautogui.locateOnScreen('submit.png')  # 在屏幕上查找匹配與文件相同的區域--每個區域像素都要相同 左,頂,寬,高pyautogui.center(pyautogui.locateOnScreen('submit.png')) # 獲取匹配圖像中心點坐標pyautogui.click((678,759))        # 點擊該區域核心list(pyautogui.locateAllOnScreen('submit.png'))  # 匹配到多處，返回區域list## 控制鍵盤pyautogui.click(100,100);pyautogui.typewrite('Hello python')pyautogui.typewrite(['a','b','left','left','X','Y']) # typewrite可傳入擊鍵列表，這里輸出XYab，left是左箭頭print(pyautogui.KEYBOARD_KEYS)      # pyautogui接受的所有可能字符串pyautogui.press('enter')         # 接受按鍵命令pyautogui.keyDown('shift');pyautogui.press('4');pyautogui.keyUp('shift')  # 輸出 $ 符號的按鍵#熱鍵組合pyautogui.keyDown('ctrl')pyautogui.keyDown('c')pyautogui.keyUp('c')pyautogui.keyUp('ctrl')# 這四句是組合 ctrl-c，類似這種順序按下，再反序釋放的，可以用hotkey()pyautogui.hotkey('ctrl','c')        # 同上面四句，組合鍵pyautogui.hotkey('ctrl','alt','shift','s') # Ctrl-Alt-Shift-S 熱鍵組合## 綜合例子: 自動填表程序# http://autbor.com/form# 將電子表格中的大量數據自動輸入到另一個應用的表單界面# 1.點擊表單的第一個文本字段# 2.遍歷表單，再每個輸入欄鍵入信息# 3.點擊submit按鈕# 4.用下一組數據重復這個過程# Automatically fills in the form.import pyautogui,time# set these to the correct coordinates for your computer.nameField = (648,319)submitButton = (651,817)submitButtonColor = (75,141,249)submitAnotherLink = (760,224)formData = [{'name':'Alice','fear':'eavppers','source':'wand','robocop':4,'comments':'Tell us'},      {'name':'Bog','fear':'eaves','source':'crystal','robocop':4,'comments':'Big room'},      {'name':'Kad','fear':'apple','source':'woold','robocop':1,'comments':'Nice day'},      {'name':'Cace','fear':'ppers','source':'ball','robocop':5,'comments':'n/a'}      ]pyautogui.PAUSE = 0.5for person in formData:  # Give the user a chance to kill the script.  print('>>> 5 SECOND PAUSE TO LET USER PRESS CTRL-C <<<')  time.sleep(5)  # Wait until the form page has loaded.  while not pyautogui.pixelMatchesColor(submitButton[0],submitButton[1],submitButtonColor):    time.sleep(0.5)  print('Entering %s info...' % (person['name']))  pyautogui.click(nameField[0],nameField[1])    # 單擊第一個文本字段輸入位置  # Fill out the Name field.  pyautogui.typewrite(person['name']+'/t')     # 輸入該域，并按下 tab 鍵，將焦點轉向下一個輸入框  # Fill out the Greatest Fear(s) field.  pyautogui.typewrite(person['fear']+'/t')  # 處理下拉框  # Fill out the Source of Wizard Powers Field  if person['source'] == 'wand':    pyautogui.typewrite(['down','/t'])  elif person['source'] == 'crystal':    pyautogui.typewrite(['down','down','/t'])  elif person['source'] == 'woold':    pyautogui.typewrite(['down','down','down','/t'])  elif person['source'] == 'ball':    pyautogui.typewrite(['down','down','down','down','/t'])  # 處理單選按鈕  # Fill out the RoboCop field  if person['robocop'] == 1:    pyautogui.typewrite([' ','/t'])  elif person['robocop'] == 2:    pyautogui.typewrite(['right','/t'])  elif person['robocop'] == 3:    pyautogui.typewrite(['right','right','/t'])  elif person['robocop'] == 4:    pyautogui.typewrite(['right','right','right','/t'])  elif person['robocop'] == 5:    pyautogui.typewrite(['right','right','right','right','/t'])  # Fill out the Additional Comments field.  pyautogui.typewrite(person['comments']+'/t')  # Click Submit.  pyautogui.press('enter')  # Wait until form page has loaded.  print('Clicked submit.')  time.sleep(5)  # Click the Submit another response link.  pyautogui.click(submitAnotherLink[0],submitAnotherLink[1])