通過js實現頁面的倒計時功能。
思路: 傳入一個秒數c,c/60可以得到分鐘m, c%60可以得到顯示的秒數s,同理,再將m/60可是得到小時數, m/%可以得到分鐘數。通過setInterval每次將總秒數-1,并將計算所得時間顯示到頁面上。
第一版的骯臟代碼如下, 可以作為反面教材思考一下
<html> <head> <title>Tomato</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <script type="text/javascript"> var vTimeLength = 5; var vHour; var vMinutes; var vSeconds; var vRemainingTime; function countDown(){ vTimeLength = vTimeLength - 1; vMinutes = Math.floor(vTimeLength/60); vSeconds = Math.floor(vTimeLength%60); if (vMinutes >= 60){ vHour = Math.floor(vMinutes/60); var vMinutesNew = Math.floor(vMinutes%60); vRemainingTime = vHour + ":" + vMinutesNew + ":" + vSeconds; } else { vRemainingTime = vMinutes + ":" + vSeconds; } document.getElementById("div_countDown").innerHTML = vRemainingTime; if (vTimeLength < 1) { alert('do sth'); } } </script> </head> <body> <div id="div_countDown"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> setInterval("countDown()", 1000); </script> </body> </html>
缺陷:
1、定義了眾多的全局變量,
2、沒有復用性,
3、setInterval容易導致隊列過多, 結束事件如果是非阻塞事件, 倒計時會繼續執行出現負數,
4、不符合面向對象思想。。。
針對缺陷1的解決方案是, 定義一個函數, 將相關全局變量放到函數內部,使之成為局部變量
針對缺陷2:為函數指定參數,提高復用性。 這里定義了3個參數vTimeLength為倒計時總秒數,showTagId為顯示到頁面元素的id, callback為倒計時結束后的回掉方法
針對缺陷3:用setTimeout替代setInterval
優化后的代碼如下:
<html> <head> <title>countdown</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <script type="text/javascript"> function countDown(vTimeLength, showTagId, callback) { var vHour; var vMinutes; var vMinutesNew var vSeconds; var vRemainingTime; function countDownInner(vTimeLength){ vMinutes = Math.floor(vTimeLength/60); vSeconds = Math.floor(vTimeLength%60); if (vMinutes >= 60){ vHour = Math.floor(vMinutes/60); vMinutesNew = Math.floor(vMinutes%60); vRemainingTime = vHour + ":" + vMinutesNew + ":" + vSeconds; } else { vRemainingTime = vMinutes + ":" + vSeconds; } document.getElementById(showTagId).innerHTML = vRemainingTime; vTimeLength = vTimeLength - 1; if (vTimeLength > 0) { setTimeout(function(){countDownInner(vTimeLength);}, 1000); } else { callback(); } } countDownInner(vTimeLength); } </script> </head> <body> <div id="div_countDown"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> countDown(5, "div_countDown", function(){alert('do sth');}); </script> </body> </html>
這里有一點需要注意
setTimeout(function(){countDownInner(vTimeLength);}, 1000);
第一次我將此句寫成了
setTimeout(countDownInner(vTimeLength), 1000);
結果函數直接執行了, 沒有等待1秒的時間。如果沒有入參, 即setTimeout("countDownInner()", 1000); 則可正常執行。
至于前面提到的不夠面向對象的缺陷, 也是剛剛接觸, 這里貼出代碼,希望能夠互相交流
<html> <head> <title>count_down</title> <script type="text/javascript"> var countDown = { flag: true, hour: 0, minutes: 0, minutesNew: 0, seconds: 0, show: 0, current: 0, length: 0, showTagId: null, // callback: null, countDownInner: function(vTimeLength){ if (!this.flag) { return; } var that=this; this.current = vTimeLength; minutes = Math.floor(vTimeLength/60); seconds = Math.floor(vTimeLength%60); if (minutes >= 60){ hour = Math.floor(minutes/60); minutesNew = Math.floor(minutes%60); show = hour + ":" + minutesNew + ":" + seconds; } else { show = minutes + ":" + seconds; } document.getElementById(this.showTagId).innerHTML = show; vTimeLength = vTimeLength - 1; if (vTimeLength > 0) { setTimeout(function(){that.countDownInner(vTimeLength);}, 1000); } else { setTimeout(function(){that.callback();}, 1000); } }, run: function(vTimeLength, showTagId, callback) { if (!this.flag) { this.flag = true; this.countDownInner(this.current); } else if (showTagId) { this.length = vTimeLength; this.showTagId = showTagId; this.callback = callback; this.countDownInner(vTimeLength); } }, stop: function(){ this.flag = false; }, restart: function(){ this.flag = true; this.countDownInner(this.length); } }; function countDownStart() { countDown.run(); } function countDownStop() { countDown.stop(); } </script> </head> <body> <div id="div_countDown"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> countDown.run(5, 'div_countDown',function(){alert('12')}); </script> <span> <button onclick="countDownStart();">start</button> <button onclick="countDownStop();">stop</button> </span> </body> </html>
一個難點是this的使用, 在函數內部, this是調用當前函數范圍,所以setTimeout(function(){this.countDownInner(vTimeLength);}, 1000);會出現undefined。
解決方案是定義一個that變量接收外部函數的this指針,然后通過that即可調用外部域。
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