本文實例講述了C#實現Access通用訪問類OleDbHelper。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：
最近在做一個項目數據庫用的是Access,第一次使用Access數據庫，剛開始做有些不順，數據庫的操作和SqlServer稍有些不同，而異常跟蹤得到的信息也沒有什么意義，經過幾天的反復尋找問題，總算解決了一些問題，為了訪問Access 數據庫，我寫了一個用于專門訪問的類來操作數據庫，其中包括，執行數據庫命令，返回 DataSet，返回單條記錄，返回DataReader，通用分頁方法等幾個常用的的操作方法。請各位提出意見，以便我完善這個類。雖是參考SqlHelper 但是比其簡單的多，所有的代碼如下：
using System;using System.Collections;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;using System.Data;using System.Data.Common;using System.Data.OleDb;namespace Common{ /// <summary> /// OleDb 書庫訪問類 /// </summary> public static class OleDbHelper { /// <summary> /// Access 的數據庫連接字符串格式. /// </summary> public const string ACCESS_CONNECTIONSTRING_TEMPLATE = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source={0};"; // Hashtable to store cached parameters private static Hashtable parmCache = Hashtable.Synchronized(new Hashtable()); /// <summary> /// 針對 System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.Connection 執行 SQL 語句并返回受影響的行數. /// </summary> /// <param name="connString"></param> /// <param name="cmdType"></param> /// <param name="cmdText"></param> /// <param name="cmdParms"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OleDbParameter[] cmdParms) { OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(); using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(connString)) { PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, cmdParms, ConnectionActionType.Open); int val = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return val; } } /// <summary> /// 針對 System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.Connection 執行 SQL 語句并返回受影響的行數. /// </summary> /// <param name="conn"></param> /// <param name="cmdType"></param> /// <param name="cmdText"></param> /// <param name="cmdParms"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static int ExecuteNonQuery(OleDbConnection conn, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OleDbParameter[] cmdParms) { OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(); PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, cmdParms, ConnectionActionType.AutoDetection); int val = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return val; } /// <summary> /// 針對 System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.Connection 執行 SQL 語句并返回受影響的行數. /// </summary> /// <param name="trans"></param> /// <param name="cmdType"></param> /// <param name="cmdText"></param> /// <param name="cmdParms"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static int ExecuteNonQuery(OleDbTransaction trans, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OleDbParameter[] cmdParms) { OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(); PrepareCommand(cmd, trans.Connection, trans, cmdType, cmdText, cmdParms, ConnectionActionType.None); int val = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return val; } /// <summary> /// 將 System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.CommandText 發送到 System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.Connection 并生成一個 System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataReader. /// </summary> /// <param name="connString"></param> /// <param name="cmdType"></param> /// <param name="cmdText"></param> /// <param name="cmdParms"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static OleDbDataReader ExecuteReader(string connString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OleDbParameter[] cmdParms) { OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(); OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(connString); try { PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, cmdParms, ConnectionActionType.Open); OleDbDataReader rdr = cmd.ExecuteReader(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return rdr; } catch { conn.Close(); throw; } } /// <summary> /// 將 System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.CommandText 發送到 System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.Connection 并生成一個 System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataReader. /// </summary> /// <param name="conn"></param> /// <param name="cmdType"></param> /// <param name="cmdText"></param> /// <param name="cmdParms"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static OleDbDataReader ExecuteReader(OleDbConnection conn, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OleDbParameter[] cmdParms) { OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(); try { PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, cmdParms, ConnectionActionType.AutoDetection); OleDbDataReader rdr = cmd.ExecuteReader(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return rdr; } catch { conn.Close(); throw; } } /// <summary> /// 執行查詢，并返回查詢所返回的結果集中第一行的第一列。忽略其他列或行. /// </summary> /// <param name="connString"></param> /// <param name="cmdType"></param> /// <param name="cmdText"></param> /// <param name="cmdParms"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static object ExecuteScalar(string connString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OleDbParameter[] cmdParms) { OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(); using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(connString)) { PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, cmdParms, ConnectionActionType.Open); object val = cmd.ExecuteScalar(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return val; } } /// <summary> /// 執行查詢，并返回查詢所返回的結果集中第一行的第一列。忽略其他列或行. /// </summary> /// <param name="conn"></param> /// <param name="cmdType"></param> /// <param name="cmdText"></param> /// <param name="cmdParms"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static object ExecuteScalar(OleDbConnection conn, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OleDbParameter[] cmdParms) { OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(); PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, cmdParms, ConnectionActionType.AutoDetection); object val = cmd.ExecuteScalar(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return val; } /// <summary> /// 執行查詢，并返回查詢所返回的結果數據集. /// </summary> /// <param name="connString"></param> /// <param name="cmdType"></param> /// <param name="cmdText"></param> /// <param name="cmdParms"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(string connString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OleDbParameter[] cmdParms) { OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(); using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(connString)) { PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, cmdParms, ConnectionActionType.Open); OleDbDataAdapter da = new OleDbDataAdapter(cmd); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); da.Fill(ds); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return ds; } } /// <summary> /// 執行查詢，并返回查詢所返回的結果數據集. /// </summary> /// <param name="conn"></param> /// <param name="cmdType"></param> /// <param name="cmdText"></param> /// <param name="cmdParms"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(OleDbConnection conn, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OleDbParameter[] cmdParms) { OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(); PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, cmdParms, ConnectionActionType.AutoDetection); OleDbDataAdapter da = new OleDbDataAdapter(cmd); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); da.Fill(ds); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return ds; } /// <summary> /// 緩存查詢的 OleDb 參數對象. /// </summary> /// <param name="cacheKey"></param> /// <param name="cmdParms"></param> public static void CacheParameters(string cacheKey, params OleDbParameter[] cmdParms) { parmCache[cacheKey] = cmdParms; } /// <summary> /// 從緩存獲取指定的參數對象數組. /// </summary> /// <param name="cacheKey"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static OleDbParameter[] GetCachedParameters(string cacheKey) { OleDbParameter[] cachedParms = (OleDbParameter[])parmCache[cacheKey]; if (cachedParms == null) return null; OleDbParameter[] clonedParms = new OleDbParameter[cachedParms.Length]; for (int i = 0, j = cachedParms.Length; i < j; i++) clonedParms[i] = (OleDbParameter)((ICloneable)cachedParms[i]).Clone(); return clonedParms; } /// <summary> /// 準備命令對象. /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd"></param> /// <param name="conn"></param> /// <param name="trans"></param> /// <param name="cmdType"></param> /// <param name="cmdText"></param> /// <param name="cmdParms"></param> /// <param name="connActionType"></param> private static void PrepareCommand(OleDbCommand cmd, OleDbConnection conn, OleDbTransaction trans, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, OleDbParameter[] cmdParms, ConnectionActionType connActionType) { if (connActionType == ConnectionActionType.Open) { conn.Open(); } else { if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open) conn.Open(); } cmd.Connection = conn; cmd.CommandText = cmdText; if (trans != null) cmd.Transaction = trans; cmd.CommandType = cmdType; if (cmdParms != null) { foreach (OleDbParameter parm in cmdParms) cmd.Parameters.Add(parm); } } /// <summary> /// 統一分頁顯示數據記錄 /// </summary> /// <param name="connString">數據庫連接字符串</param> /// <param name="pageIndex">當前頁碼</param> /// <param name="pageSize">每頁顯示的條數</param> /// <param name="fileds">顯示的字段</param> /// <param name="table">查詢的表格</param> /// <param name="where">查詢的條件</param> /// <param name="order">排序的規則</param> /// <param name="pageCount">out：總頁數</param> /// <param name="recordCount">out：總條數</param> /// <param name="id">表的主鍵</param> /// <returns>返回DataTable集合</returns> public static DataTable ExecutePager(string connString, int pageIndex, int pageSize, string fileds, string table, string where, string order, out int pageCount, out int recordCount, string id) { if (pageIndex < 1) pageIndex = 1; if (pageSize < 1) pageSize = 10; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileds)) fileds = "*"; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(order)) order = "ID desc"; using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(connString)) { string myVw = string.Format(" {0} ", table); string sqlText = string.Format(" select count(0) as recordCount from {0} {1}", myVw, where); OleDbCommand cmdCount = new OleDbCommand(sqlText, conn); if (conn.State == ConnectionState.Closed) conn.Open(); recordCount = Convert.ToInt32(cmdCount.ExecuteScalar()); if ((recordCount % pageSize) > 0) pageCount = recordCount / pageSize + 1; else pageCount = recordCount / pageSize; OleDbCommand cmdRecord; if (pageIndex == 1)//第一頁 { cmdRecord = new OleDbCommand(string.Format("select top {0} {1} from {2} {3} order by {4} ", pageSize, fileds, myVw, where, order), conn); } else if (pageIndex > pageCount)//超出總頁數 { cmdRecord = new OleDbCommand(string.Format("select top {0} {1} from {2} {3} order by {4} ", pageSize, fileds, myVw, "where 1=2", order), conn); } else { int pageLowerBound = pageSize * pageIndex; int pageUpperBound = pageLowerBound - pageSize; string recordIDs = RecordID(string.Format("select top {0} {1} from {2} {3} order by {4} ", pageLowerBound, id, myVw, where, order), pageUpperBound, conn); cmdRecord = new OleDbCommand(string.Format("select {0} from {1} where {4} in ({2}) order by {3} ", fileds, myVw, recordIDs, order, id), conn); } OleDbDataAdapter dataAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(cmdRecord); DataTable dt = new DataTable(); dataAdapter.Fill(dt); return dt; } } private static string RecordID(string query, int passCount, OleDbConnection conn) { OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(query, conn); string result = string.Empty; using (IDataReader dr = cmd.ExecuteReader()) { while (dr.Read()) { if (passCount < 1) { result += "," + dr.GetInt32(0); } passCount--; } } return result.Substring(1); } /// <summary> /// 連接操作類型枚舉. /// </summary> enum ConnectionActionType { None = 0, AutoDetection = 1, Open = 2 } }}希望本文所述對大家C#程序設計有所幫助。
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