C# RichTextBox制作文本編輯器

2019-10-29 21:11:42

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本文利用一個簡單的小例子【文本編輯器】，講解RichTextBox的用法。

Windows窗體中的RichTextBox控件用于顯示，輸入和操作格式化的文本，RichTextBox除了擁有TextBox控件的所有功能外，還可以顯示字體，顏色，鏈接，從文件中讀取和加載圖像，以及查找指定的字符。RichTextBox控件通常用于提供類似字體處理程序（如Microsoft Word）的文本操作和顯示功能。RichTextBox控件可以顯示滾動條，且默認根據需要進行顯示。

涉及知識點：

SelectionFont 獲取或設置當前選定文本或插入點的字體。
FontStyle 指定應用到文本的字形信息。
SelectionAlignment 獲取或設置應用到當前選定內容或插入點的對齊方式。
SelectionIndent 獲取或設置所選內容開始行的縮進距離（以像素為單位）。
SelectionCharOffset 獲取或設置控件中的文本是顯示在基線上、作為上標還是作為基線下方的下標。
SelectionColor 獲取或設置當前選定文本或插入點的文本顏色。
SelectionBackColor 獲取或設置在 System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox 控件中選中文本時文本的顏色。
SelectionBullet 獲取或設置一個值，通過該值指示項目符號樣式是否應用到當前選定內容或插入點。
Clipboard Paste 粘貼指定剪貼板格式的剪貼板內容【插入圖片時使用】。
Find 在對搜索應用特定選項的情況下，在 System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox 控件的文本中搜索位于控件內特定位置的字符串。

效果圖如下【以下設置文本對應的格式】：

C#,RichTextBox,文本編輯器

核心代碼如下

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Drawing;using System.Drawing.Printing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows.Forms;namespace DemoRichText.Model{ public class DefaultRickFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {  } } /// <summary> /// 加粗格式 /// </summary> public class BoldRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   Font oldFont = rtbInfo.SelectionFont;   Font newFont;   if (oldFont.Bold)   {    newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style & ~FontStyle.Bold);//支持位于運算   }   else   {    newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style | FontStyle.Bold);   }   rtbInfo.SelectionFont = newFont;  } } /// <summary> /// 斜體 /// </summary> public class ItalicRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   Font oldFont = rtbInfo.SelectionFont;   Font newFont;   if (oldFont.Italic)   {    newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style & ~FontStyle.Italic);   }   else   {    newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style | FontStyle.Italic);   }   rtbInfo.SelectionFont = newFont;   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 下劃線 /// </summary> public class UnderLineRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   Font oldFont = rtbInfo.SelectionFont;   Font newFont;   if (oldFont.Underline)   {    newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style & ~FontStyle.Underline);   }   else   {    newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style | FontStyle.Underline);   }   rtbInfo.SelectionFont = newFont;   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 刪除線 /// </summary> public class StrikeLineRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   Font oldFont = rtbInfo.SelectionFont;   Font newFont;   if (oldFont.Underline)   {    newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style & ~FontStyle.Strikeout);   }   else   {    newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style | FontStyle.Strikeout);   }   rtbInfo.SelectionFont = newFont;   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 左對齊 /// </summary> public class LeftRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 居中對齊 /// </summary> public class CenterRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   if (rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment == HorizontalAlignment.Center)   {    rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;   }   else   {    rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;   }   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 右對齊 /// </summary> public class RightRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   if (rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment == HorizontalAlignment.Right)   {    rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;   }   else   {    rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Right;   }   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 縮進對齊 /// </summary> public class IndentRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   //每次以10個像素進行縮進   rtbInfo.SelectionIndent = rtbInfo.SelectionIndent + 10;   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 縮進對齊 /// </summary> public class OutIndentRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   //每次以10個像素進行縮進   rtbInfo.SelectionIndent = rtbInfo.SelectionIndent - 10;   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 下標 /// </summary> public class SubScriptRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   if (rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset < 0)   {    rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset = 0;   }   else {    rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset = -5;   }   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 上標 /// </summary> public class SuperScriptRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   if (rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset > 0)   {    rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset = 0;   }   else {    rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset = 5;   }   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 字體 /// </summary> public class FontRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   FontDialog f = new FontDialog();   if (f.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)   {    FontFamily family = f.Font.FontFamily;    rtbInfo.SelectionFont = new Font(family, rtbInfo.SelectionFont.Size, rtbInfo.SelectionFont.Style);   }   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 文本顏色 /// </summary> public class ForeColorRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   ColorDialog f = new ColorDialog();   if (f.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)   {    rtbInfo.SelectionColor = f.Color;   }   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 文本背景顏色 /// </summary> public class BgColorRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   ColorDialog f = new ColorDialog();   if (f.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)   {    rtbInfo.SelectionBackColor = f.Color;   }   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// UL列表,項目符號樣式 /// </summary> public class UlRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   if (rtbInfo.SelectionBullet)   {    rtbInfo.SelectionBullet = false;   }   else {    rtbInfo.SelectionBullet = true;    rtbInfo.BulletIndent = 10;   }   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 圖片插入 /// </summary> public class PicRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   OpenFileDialog o = new OpenFileDialog();   o.InitialDirectory = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;   o.Title = "請選擇圖片";   o.Filter = "jpeg|*.jpeg|jpg|*.jpg|png|*.png|gif|*.gif";    if (o.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) {    string fileName = o.FileName;    try    {     Image bmp = Image.FromFile(fileName);     Clipboard.SetDataObject(bmp);     DataFormats.Format dataFormat = DataFormats.GetFormat(DataFormats.Bitmap);     if (rtbInfo.CanPaste(dataFormat))     {      rtbInfo.Paste(dataFormat);     }          }    catch (Exception exc)    {     MessageBox.Show("圖片插入失敗。" + exc.Message, "提示",         MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);    }   }   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 刪除 /// </summary> public class DelRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   rtbInfo.SelectedText = "";   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 查找 /// </summary> public class SearchRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   string find = rtbInfo.Tag.ToString();   int index= rtbInfo.Find(find, 0,RichTextBoxFinds.None);   int startPos = index;   int nextIndex = 0;   while (nextIndex != startPos)//循環查找字符串，并用藍色加粗12號Times New Roman標記之    {    rtbInfo.SelectionStart = index;    rtbInfo.SelectionLength = find.Length;    rtbInfo.SelectionColor = Color.Blue;    rtbInfo.SelectionFont = new Font("Times New Roman", (float)12, FontStyle.Bold);    rtbInfo.Focus();    nextIndex = rtbInfo.Find(find, index + find.Length, RichTextBoxFinds.None);    if (nextIndex == -1)//若查到文件末尾，則充值nextIndex為初始位置的值，使其達到初始位置，順利結束循環，否則會有異常。     {     nextIndex = startPos;    }    index = nextIndex;   }   rtbInfo.Focus();  } } /// <summary> /// 打印 /// </summary> public class PrintRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  private RichTextBox richTextbox;  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   this.richTextbox = rtbInfo;   PrintDocument pd = new PrintDocument();   pd.PrintPage += new PrintPageEventHandler(pd_PrintPage);   // 打印文檔   pd.Print();  }  private void pd_PrintPage(object sender, PrintPageEventArgs ev)  {   //ev.Graphics.DrawString(richTextbox.Text);   //ev.HasMorePages = true;  } } /// <summary> /// 字體大小 /// </summary> public class FontSizeRichFormat : BaseRichFormat {  public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo)  {   string fontSize = rtbInfo.Tag.ToString();   float fsize = 0.0f;   if (float.TryParse(fontSize, out fsize)) {    rtbInfo.SelectionFont = new Font(rtbInfo.Font.FontFamily, fsize, rtbInfo.SelectionFont.Style);   }   rtbInfo.Focus();  } }}

頁面代碼【由于實現了代碼封裝，所有頁面代碼較少】

using DemoRichText.Model;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows.Forms;namespace DemoRichText{ public partial class MainForm : Form {  public MainForm()  {   InitializeComponent();  }    public void btnButtonClick(object sender, EventArgs e) {   Button btn = (Button)sender;   BTNType btnType;   if (Enum.TryParse<BTNType>(btn.Tag.ToString(), out btnType)) {    if (btnType == BTNType.Search) {     if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.txtSearch.Text.Trim()))     {      this.rtbInfo.Tag = this.txtSearch.Text.Trim();     }     else {      return;     }         }    IRichFormat richFomat = RichFormatFactory.CreateRichFormat(btnType);    richFomat.SetFormat(this.rtbInfo);   }  }  private void combFontSize_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)  {   float fsize = 12.0f;   if (combFontSize.SelectedIndex > -1) {    if (float.TryParse(combFontSize.SelectedItem.ToString(), out fsize)) {     rtbInfo.Tag = fsize.ToString();     IRichFormat richFomat = RichFormatFactory.CreateRichFormat(BTNType.FontSize);     richFomat.SetFormat(this.rtbInfo);    }    return;   }  } }}

RichTextBox是一個功能豐富的控件，值得學習。

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